最新人教版英语八年级上册Unit1-2知识点整理

1Unit1-2广西玉林市博白县宁潭镇第二初级中学--刘欣琪1.1）howoften“多久一次;多长时间一次”(询问频率)2）表示“次数”：once（一次），twice（两次），三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”来表示。比如threetimes（三次）；fourtimes（四次）;threeorfourtimes三次或四次3)表示频率:onceaweek一周一次;twiceamonth一个月两次;threetimesaday一天三次;fourtimesayear一年四次等。此外，还有频度副词：always总是、usually通常、often经常、sometimes=attimes有时、hardly（ever）=almostnot几乎不、never从不。--Steve,______doyouplaybasketballafterschool?（2012菏泽中考）--Twiceaweek.Itcankeepmehealthy.（解析：由由答语“twiceaweek”可知，是询问频率，故用howoften）A.howfarB.howsoon2C.howlongD.√howoften2.gotothemovies看电影=gotothecinema=gotoseeafilm.=watchamovie=seeafilm4.onvacation度假goonvacation去度假（强调动作）beonvacation在度假（强调状态）e.g.①Hewentonavacationtwodaysago.Heisonvacationnow.②Iwasonvacationlastmonth上个月我正在度假。③Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪度假啦？5.--Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪儿度假了？--Iwenttothemountains.我去了山区。这是一个由特殊疑问词Where引导的特殊疑问句。由“特殊疑问词＋助动词＋主语＋动词(原形)+其它?”构成。由于是询问已发生的动作(过去的3事情)，所以助动词用过去式did,句中有了助动词，其后的实意动词用动词原形。6.复合不定代词:1)复合不定代词是由some-,any-,no-,every-加上one-,body,thing,where等所组成的不定代词。every-bodysome-oneany-thingno-whereeverybody每个人everyone每个人everything一切事物everywhere到处，处处somebody某人someone某人something某物somewhere某个地方anybody任何人anyone任何人anything任何事物anywhere任何地方nobody没人noone没人nothing没有什么nowhere无处，没有一个地方4(注意：以上的复合不定代词除了noone分开写成两个单词外，其余都是一个单词)复合不定代词考点必记：㈠含body和one的复合不定代词只用来指人㈡含thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物㈢含where的复合不定代词只用来指地点㈣含any的复合不定代词一般用于否定句和疑问句；含some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句。1)Didyoudoanythingspeciallastweekend?(疑问句)2)Idon’tlikeanythingshegivesme.(否定句)3)Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.(肯定句)㈤复合不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数.1)Everyonelikeshim.2)Listen!Someoneissingingintheclassroom.㈥形容词修饰不定代词要后置,即：不定代词+形容词e.g.Iamverythirsty,Iwanttodrinksomethingcold.5㈦考察逻辑能力、理解能力：1)Nobody/Noonewentswimmingbecauseitwasrainingreallyhard.(因果关--系因为雨下得很大，所以没人去游泳)Nobody/Noonewentswimmingbecauseofthebadweather.（因果关系）2）Iboughtnothingbecausethethingsinthestorewasveryexpensive.（因果关系）Thethingsinthisstorewereveryexpensive,butIboughtsomethingformyself.（转折关系）3）Iboughtsomethingformyparentsbecausethethingsinthestorewasreallycheap.（因果关系）4）Thethingsinthisstorewereverycheap,soIboughtsomethingformyself.（因果关系）5）--HowisHelen?--SheisOK,thereisnothingtoworryabout.7.“到达”：6arrivein+大地点e.g.arriveinBeijing.arriveat+小地点e.g.arriveatasmallvillage.arrive+副词（here,there,home…）e.g.Hearriveshere/there/homeat8:00.getto+地名e.g.Igettoschoolat8:00.get+副词（here,there,home…）Hegetshere/there/homeat8:00.reach+地名或副词（注意：reach是及物动词，后面直接接名词或副词，不跟介词连用）e.g.TheyreachedBeijingyesterday.8.“许多；很多”：many+可数名词much+不可数名词9.“相当多”：quiteafew+可数名词quitealittle+不可数名词1)Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.72)Therearequitealittlewaterinthebottle.“一些”：alittle+不可数名词afew+可数名词10.“玩得开心，过得愉快”enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime=haveagreattimePeterenjoyedhimselfathisbirthdaypartylastnight.11.“享受做某事；做某事很愉快”：havefundoingsth=haveagoodtimedoingsth=haveagreattimedoingsth=enjoyoneselfdoingsth12.decidev.决定n.decisiondecide=makeadecision决定，作出决定decidetodosth.决定做某事8decidenottodosth决定不做某事=makeadecisiontodosth1)Idecidetostudyhard.2)Idecidenottogetuplate.13.trytodosth尽力做某事；试图做某事trynottodosth尽力不做某事trydoingsth尝试做某事try／doone’sbesttodosth（尽某人最大的力量做某事）14.--Howwasyoursummervacation?--Wonderful!Ihadagoodtimewithmyfriends.15.“因为”：because+句子（含谓语）becauseof+名词/代词/V-ing/名词性的短语（不含谓语）1)Westayedathomebecauseofthebadweather.（“thebadweather”属于名词性短9语.不含谓语）2)Westayedathomebecausetheweatherisbad（“theweatherisbad”是一个句子，含谓语“is”）Theydidn’tgotoBeijing＿therain.（答案：becauseof）Theydidn’tgotoBeijing＿itrained.（答案：because）①Ididn’treallyenjoygoingout＿＿thecrowedsteets（becauseof）②Ididn’treallyenjoygoingout＿＿thesteetswerereallycrowed.（because）16.反身代词是oneself（即某人自己），根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等的变化其形式有：myself我自己himself他自己herself她自己yourself你自己itself它自己ourselves我们自己yourselves你们自己themselves他们自己单数+self复数+selves反身代词考点：(一)byoneself=onone’sown某人自己；某人亲10自(二)enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun玩得开心，过得愉快（三）考察理解能力：1)It’sveryeasy,Imadethecakeallbymyself.2)Didyouenjoyyourselfatthepartylastnight?3)Don’tworry,Icanlookaftermyself.17.辨析：howoften、howlong、howfarhowoften：多久一次，多长时间一次（提问频率）howlong多长；多长时间（提问物体的长度或时间段）howfar多远（提问路程或距离）Howsoon多久；多久之后（对将来的一段时间之内或之后提问）18.onweekends=ontheweekend在周末19.help(sb)withsth.=help(sb)todosomething帮助(某人)做某事；在某方面帮助某人e.g.HeoftenhelpmewithmyEnglish.他经常帮助我学习英语。1120.although=though尽管；即使(让步关系)（考点注意：不管是表达因果关系、转折关系还是让步关系，同一对关联词中的词只能出现其中之一，即有了because就不能再有so，有了so就不能再有because;有了although就不能有but，有了but就不能再有although。）e.g.Thelittlegirlcouldlookafterherselfalthoughshewasonlyfiveyearsold.Althoughhambergersarejunkfood,manychildrenlikethem.Thoughweareverytired,＿weareveryhappy21.Studyforthetest复习迎考Istudiedforthemathtestlastweekend.22.--wheredidyougolastweekend?--Iwenttothezoo.--whatdidyoudolastweekend?12--Iwenttothezoo.23.crowed拥挤的e.g.Idon’tliketogotothestores,theyaretoocrowed.24.Hard1)形容词“困难的、硬的”。2)副词“努力地；猛力地”e.g.studyhard.努力学习hardly(ever)“几乎不,几乎没有”，为否定意义的频率副词，相当于almostnot，故句中不能再出现no,not,never等表否定意义的词。一般位于实义动词前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。Canyouspeakalittlelouder?Icanhardlyhearyou.Shehardlyeatsanything.Hehardlyworks.他几乎不工作。①Itisrainingreallyhard（猛力地）.②HehardlyeverwatchesTV.1)ThoughTomhasstudiedChinese＿＿fortenmonths,hecanstill＿＿speakthe