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精品文档你我共享腹有诗书气自华初三英语总复习:形容词和副词【考点直击】1.形容词的用法;2.副词的用法;3.形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法;4.形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。【名师点睛】1.形容词的用法(1)形容词在句中作定语,表语,宾语补足语。例如:Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.(作定语)Thefishwentbad.(作表语)Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(作宾语补足语)(2)形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.(3)用and或or连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.(4)the+形容词表示一类人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor.2.副词的用法(1)副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。Hestudiesveryhard.(作状语)Lifehereisfullofjoy.(作定语)Whenwillyoubeback?(作表语)副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类:1)时间副词时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有:nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如:Heoftencomestoschoollate.Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HeisneverbeentoBeijing.2)地点副词地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有:here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如:Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.Hewentupstairs.精品文档你我共享腹有诗书气自华Putdownyournamehere.3)方式副词方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的,其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的,有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly,它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有:anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如:Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Thebirdsareflyinghigh.Herunsveryfast.4)程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词,有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有:much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如:Herpronunciationisverygood.Shesingsquitewell.Icanhardlyagreewithyou.5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有:how,when,where,why等。例如:Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat?(2)副词在句中的位置1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语,则放在宾语之后。例如:MrSmithworksveryhard.ShespeaksEnglishwell.2)频度副词作状语时,通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词,助动词和be动词之后。例如:Heusuallygetsupearly.I’veneverheardhimsinging.Sheisseldomill.3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面,但enough作副词用时,通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如:Itisaratherdifficultjob.Herunsveryfast.Hedidn’tworkhardenough.4)副词作定语时,一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如:Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle.Thestudentstherehavealottimetodotheirownresearchwork.精品文档你我共享腹有诗书气自华(3)部分常用副词的用法1)very,much这两个副词都可表示“很”,但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级,而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如:SheisaverynicegirlI’mfeelingmuchbetternow.Much可以修饰动词,而very则不能。例如:Idon’tliketheideamuch.Theydidnottalkmuch.2)too,either这两个副词都表示“也”,但too用于肯定句,either用于否定句。例如:Shecandance,andIcandance,too.Ihaven’treadthebookandmybrotherhasn’teither.3)already,yetalready一般用于语肯定句,yet一般用于否定句。例如:Hehasalreadyleft.Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasn’tansweredyet.4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒装句,但so表示肯定,neither表示否定。例如:MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.Mybrotherdoesn’tlikedancingandneitherdoI.3.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(1)两个人或事物的比较时(不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物),用比较级。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass.(2)most同形容词连用而不用the,表示极,很,非常,十分。It'smostdangeroustobehere.在这儿太危险。(3)The+形容词比较级...,the+形容词比较级...表示越...就越...。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.(4)形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级,表示越来越...。It'sgettinghotterandhotter.(5)主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。Thisboxisasbigasmine.精品文档你我共享腹有诗书气自华(6)the+形容词表示某种人。Healwayshelpsthepoor.(7)形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.【实例解析】1.(2004年北京市中考试题)---Whichis________,thesun,themoonortheearth?---Ofcoursethemoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest答案:D。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级的用法。因为是太阳,地球和月亮三者进行比较,选用形容词的最高级,而且最高级之前要加定冠词the。所以选D。2.(2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)Hehasmade_______progressthistermthanbefore.A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much答案B。该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较,所以要用比较级,又因为是修饰不可数名词,只能用less,而不能用fewer。3.(2004年江西省中考试题)---Whatdeliciouscakes!---Theywouldtaste_______withbutter.A.goodB.betterC.badD.worse答案:B。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级。答话人的意思应该是“如果加上点黄油,这些蛋糕会更好吃。”这里就有一种比较:加黄油和不加黄油。既然是比较,就要用比较级。因为这里讲的是好吃和更好吃,所以C,D要舍去,而选better。4.(2004年河北省中考试题)Bobneverdoeshishomework________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas答案:B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业”,所以要用副词。又因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“notas+副词原级+as”,所以只能选B。【中考演练】一.单项填空1.Therearemanyyoungtreeson_______sidesoftheroad.A.everyB.eachC.bothD.all2.---It’ssocoldtoday.---Yes,it’s_____thanitwasyesterday.A.morecoldB.morecolderC。muchcolderD.cold3.LittleTomhas_____friends,soheoftenplaysalone.A.moreB.alittleC.manyD.few4.Sheisn’tso______atmathsasyouare.精品文档你我共享腹有诗书气自华A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best5.Peterwrites______ofthethree.A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well6.Heis_____enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongerB.muchstrongerC.strongD.thestrongest7.Ibought_____exercise-bookswith______money.A.afew;afewB.afew;alittleC.alittle;afewD.alittle;alittle8.Theboxis____heavyforthegirl___carry.A.too;toB.to;tooC.so;thatD.no;to9.Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter____.It’sstrongenoughtoskateon.A.longB.highC.thickD.wide10.WuLinran____fasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting.A.soB.muchC.veryD.too11.Jonelooksso_______todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest.A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily12.Thesmileonmyfather’sfaceshowedthathewas______withme.A.sadB.please
本文标题:初三英语总复习--形容词和副词
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