紫花苜蓿的营养成分分析

2013届毕业生毕业论文13个紫花苜蓿品种的营养成分分析学生姓名张勇学号2091209031所属学院动物科学学院专业草业科学班级草业科学13班指导教师陈立强日期2013年5月塔里木大学教务处制目录1.前言..........................................................................................................................................................21.1国内外研究进展............................................................................................................................21.2研究的目的和意义........................................................................................................................22.材料与方法..............................................................................................................................................22.1试验地概况....................................................................................................................................22.2试验材料........................................................................................................................................22.3试验药品及仪器............................................................................................................................32.3.1试验药品.............................................................................................................................32.3.2试验仪器.............................................................................................................................32.4方法................................................................................................................................................32.4.1水分的测定.........................................................................................................................32.4.2粗蛋白的测定.....................................................................................................................32.4.3粗脂肪的测定.....................................................................................................................42.4.4粗灰分的测定.....................................................................................................................42.4.5粗纤维的测定.....................................................................................................................43.数据处理..................................................................................................................................................44.结果与分析..............................................................................................................................................44.113个苜蓿品种的各项营养成分测试结果...................................................................................44.2综合分析........................................................................................................................................55.讨论..........................................................................................................................................................66.结论..........................................................................................................................................................7致谢...............................................................................................................................................................7参考文献.......................................................................................................................................................7塔里木大学毕业论文113个紫花苜蓿品种的营养成分分析张勇（塔里木大学动物科学学院,草业科学13班新疆阿拉尔843300）摘要：本研究对13个苜蓿（Medicagosativa）品种的主要营养成分包括粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维进行了研究。结果表明，13个苜蓿品种中粗蛋白含量最高的是安格，最低的是牧歌；粗脂肪含量最高IS-1045，最低的是甘农4号；粗灰分含量最高的是牧歌，最低的是中兰1号。利用层次分析法对主要营养成分进行综合评价表明，13个苜蓿品种营养价值总体表现最好的是皇后，其次为安格，然后是IS-1045，金皇后，新疆大叶。本研究结果可对今后苜蓿的引种与选育有一定的指导意义。关键词：紫花苜蓿；营养成分；综合评价；阿拉尔Thequalityanalysisof13AlfalfacultivarsZhangYong(CollegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology,TarimUniversity,AlarXinjiang843300)Abstract:Thenutritionalingredients,incrudingwater(H2O),crudeprotein(CP),crudefat(EE),andfiber(CF),neutraldetergentfiber(NDF),aciddetergentfiber(ADF),crudeash(CASH)ofsixalfalfa(Medicagosativa)varietieswerestudied.Theresultsindicatedthatamongthethirteenvarieties,IS-1045appearedthehighestcontentsinEE.EngelhardappearedthehighestcontentsinCP.AmerigrazeappearedthehighestcontentsinCASHandlowestCP.ZhonglanNo.1appearedthelowestCASH.GannongNo.4appearedthelowestEE.Usinganalytichierarchyprocessforcomprehensiveevaluationofmainnutrientsindicatesthat13oftheoverallnutritionalvalueofalfalfavarietiesbestAlfalfaqueen,followedbytheEngelhard,thenIS-1045,GoldenEmpress,Xinjiangdaye.Theevaluationresultshavecertainguidingsignificanceforfutureintroductionandbreedingofalfalfavarieties.Keywords:Alfalfa(MedicagosativaL．);Nutrientconstituent;Comprehensiveevaluation;Alaer塔里木大学毕业论文21.前言1.1国内外研究进展紫花苜蓿(MedicagosativaL.)是苜蓿属中最重要、种植面积最广的牧草资源，一般认为紫花苜蓿起源于Vavilov的“近东中心”－即小亚细亚、外高加索、伊朗和土库曼等地[1,2]。苜蓿种植在我国已有2000多年的栽培历史，现有苜蓿面积为133万hm2，居世界第六位[3]。苜蓿作为防风林或水土保持植物在中国北方的干旱和半干旱地区广泛种植[4]。研究表明，苜蓿生产在利用西北旱区丰富的土地资源和气候资源方面具有广阔发展前景[1,5]。苜蓿最重要的特性是营养全面，富含各种氨基酸、维生素、微量元素和其它生物活性物质，其是蛋白质含量大大高于其它饲料作物。在相同的土地上，苜蓿比禾本科牧草所收获的可消化蛋白质高2.5倍左右，矿物质高6倍左右，可消化养分高2