浅析中小企业融资困境及对策分析(李桂巧)定稿1

江苏经贸职业技术学院毕业论文题目：浅析中小企业融资困境及对策分析系（院）贸易经济系专业班级金融管理与实务（单）学号0901131138学生姓名李桂巧指导教师许震职称副教授指导教师职称2012年5月15日浅析中小企业融资困境及对策分析摘要：去年以来，央行连续上调存款准备金利率且每次上调幅度均为0.50%；银行纷纷缩减信贷规模，各中小企业普遍出现“钱荒”。而另一方面，面对CPI的节节攀升，很多老百姓又不愿将“闲钱”存入银行。与此同时，金融领域的一些体制障碍暴露出严重的结构性矛盾，一大批小企业陷入融资困境，在高利贷重压之下不堪重负，老板跑路事件频发，有媒体报道称：温州中小企业主“跑路”，鄂尔多斯企业主身亡，民间借贷相关的纠纷案件增加……多种迹象表明，在“游资猛虎”的无序窜动中，民间借贷现象开始日益增多。于是，民间借贷市场风险骤增。在长三角、珠三角之外的中西部地区，中小企业的“灰色融资”行为也并不罕见。“趋利避害，扬长避短，才是对待民间借贷应有的思路。规范化的民间借贷市场将在民间资本与中小企业间架起一座桥梁，这对于中小企业融资难问题的解决意义重大。关键词：民间借贷中小企业融资难解决途径AnalysisthefinancialdifficultiesofSME-sandsolutionAbstract:CentralBankoftheRepublicofChinahasraisedcontinuouslydepositreserverates，bankshavereducedsizeofcredit，theSMEShasappearedgenerally“wastemoney”sincelastyear.However,ontheotherhand,manypeopledidnotwishtodepositfreemoneytothebankbecauseoftheCPIclimbing.Inthefieldoffinancesystemalittleofobstacleexposedtheseriousstructuralcontradictions，alargenumberofsmallbusinessesfellintothesituationoffinancingdifficultiesatthemoment.Thebossranoutfromtheirhomesfrequentlyinusuryunderpressureoverwhelmingly.Accordingtothereport,Wenzhousmallandmedium-sizedbusinessowners“Runroad”,Ordosbusinessownersdied,folklendingrelateddisputesincreasedandsoonwhichhasshowedthatfolklendingphenomenonbegantoincreaseinhotmoneytigerthereinthechaosofthemove.Asaresult,folklendingmarketincreasedrisk.Smallandmedium-sizedenterprisegrayfinancingbehaviorisnotrareintheYangtzeRiverdeltaandPearlRiverdelta,theoutsideoftheMidwest.“Thedisadvantages,fosterstrengthsandcircumventweaknesses”isagoodideatotreatfolklending.Forsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisefinancingtothesolutionoftheproblemisofgreatsignificance,especially,thestandardizationofthefolklendingmarketwillbeintheprivatecapitaltosmallandmediumenterprisesonthebridgebetween.Keywords:FolklendingSME-sfinancingdifficultiessolution目录一、融资与中小企业发展...............................................................................1（一）企业融资活动的意义....................................................................11.融资简介..........................................................................................12.融资渠道和方式..............................................................................13.融资的用途与实体经济相关..........................................................2（二）中小企业融资发展........................................................................21.中小企业融资模式与发展..............................................................22.中小企业融资的新趋势..................................................................2二、中小企业融资现状与困境.......................................................................2（一）中小企业融资现状........................................................................21.中小企业融资难..............................................................................22.中小企业融资贵..............................................................................33.中小企业融资乱.............................................................................3（二）中小企业融资困境........................................................................31.现行银行体系制度不完善..............................................................32.企业融资渠道狭隘..........................................................................33.中小企业信用水平低......................................................................3三、造成中小企业融资困境的成因分析.......................................................4（一）金融服务机制不足........................................................................41.民间借贷门槛低..............................................................................42.债务人偿还能力低..........................................................................4（二）市场融资环境恶化........................................................................41.对非法融资行为查处打击不力......................................................52.社会诚信机制缺失..........................................................................5四、破解中小企业融资困境的策略...............................................................5（一）建立完善的中小企业融资保障体系............................................51.中小企业信用征信体系..................................................................52.建立完善的中小企业资信评级制度..............................................53.建立完善的信用担保体系..............................................................6（二）加强中小企业融资风险管理........................................................61.建立和完善企业治理结构............................................................62.加强财务管理................................................................................73.建立以诚信为核心的企业文化....................................................7五、结束语.......................................................................................................7参考文献...........................................................................................................81浅析中小企业融资困境及对策分析引言与全国一些地方闹“煤荒”、“电荒”想类似，中小企业普遍面临经营资金吃紧，“融资难”成为困扰其发展的一大瓶颈。2011年年初至今，银行经过了多次上调存款准备金率0.5个百分点，多次加息，其目的是防止通货膨胀，然而政策也是双刃剑，抑制通胀却给中小企业发展带来了困难，目前银行信贷紧张，9成以上的企业无法贷款成功，企业走投无路，将目标转向民间借贷，据调研，在长三角和珠三角一带的民间借贷无论从规模和利率方面都开始疯长，此外，一些不发达区域的民间借贷也开始蔓延，并呈现出迅猛发展的状态。本文就小微企业的融资方式-尤其是民间借贷，就其发生，发展的相关情况，通过改革现有的金融体制，发挥政府的引导作用，培育良好的社会环境，来