新概念第三册课文精读详解4

Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’“是我，别害怕”一、【Text】课文Afterherhusbandhadgonetowork,MrsRichardssentherchildrentoschoolandwentupstairstoherbedroom.Shewastooexcitedtodoanyhouseworkthatmorning,forintheeveningshewouldbegoingtoafancydresspartywithherhusband.Sheintendedtodressupasaghostandasshehadmadehercostumethenightbefore,shewasimpatienttotryiton.Thoughthecostumeconsistedonlyofasheet,itwasveryeffective.Afterputtingiton,MrsRichardswentdownstairs.Shewantedtofindoutwhetheritwouldbecomfortabletowear.JustasMrsRichardswasenteringthedining-room,therewasaknockonthefrontdoor.Sheknewthatitmustbethebaker.Shehadtoddhimtocomestraightinifevershefailedtoopenthedoorandtoleavethebreadonthekitchentable.Notwantingtofrightenthepoorman,MrsRichardsquicklyhidinthesmallstore-roomunderthestairs.Sheheardthefrontdooropenandheavyfootstepsinthehall.Suddenlythedoorofthestore-roomwasopenedandamanentered.MrsRichardsrealizedthatitmustbethemanfromtheElectricityBoardwhohadcometoreadthemeter.Shetriedtoexplainthesituation,saying'It'sonlyme',butitwastoolate.Themanletoutacryandjumpedbackseveralpaces.WhenMrsRichardswalkedtowardshim,hefled,slammingthedoorbehindhim.二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆costumen.化装服◆consistv.由...组成◆sheetn.被单◆effectiveadj.有明显效果的，有作用的◆comfortableadj.舒适的◆streroomn.储藏室◆electricityn.电◆metren.电表◆pacen.一步◆fleev.逃走◆slamv.砰地关上◆costumen.化装服costumeball化妆舞会costumepartyfancy(dress)partysuit西服，西装dress裙子◆consistv.由...组成consistof--由…组成（表示被动概念）==bemadeupof==comprise==becomposedof(强调由什么成分所构成)Eg:Ourclassconsistof100students.TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofG.B.andNorthernIreland.Thehouseconsistsofsixrooms.becomposedof----Wateriscomposedofoxygenandhydrogen.constitutev.----由部分构成整体Thecommitteeconsistsof10members.=Tenmembersconstitutethecommittee.◆sheetn.被单◆effectiveadj.有明显效果的，有作用的Thecostumeisquiteeffective.Hiswordswaseffective.influential:有潜移默化影响力的Whatourparentsdoisinfluentialtochildren.efficacious:（医药）有效的，灵验的Thedrugisefficacious.fruitful:有成效的Theirexperimentisfruitful.◆comfortableadj.舒适的反义词：uncomfortablecomfortn.舒适adj.安慰discomfortn.不舒适Inspiteofdiscomfortsheisdeterminedtostayhere.◆streroomn.储藏室◆electricityn.电◆metren.电表◆pacen.一步◆flee(fled,fled)v.逃走flee:(vt.)(vi.)(总称)泛泛强调逃离危险的境地Eg:Thepeoplefledinpanicwhenthebullgotloose.escape:逃出监狱，逃出牢笼vt.逃掉，逃出Eg:Hewasabletoescapefromthehouse.Iamsorryyournameescapedme.很抱歉，我忘记你的名字了。Theytriedtoescapedeath.◆slamv.砰地关上slamthedoor.同义词：bang三、【课文精析】too…to…太…而不能不定式to,在大部分情况下，表示否定概念。not/nevertoo…to…：并不太…所以能够Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老Thequestionisnottoodifficultformetoanswer.如果在副词too前发现修饰语all,butonly,不定式to的概念也是肯定的Eg:Theyarealltoosatisfiedtoworkwithyou.他们都非常满意很想和你一起工作Iamonlytoogladtohavesomeonetospeakto.我太高兴了，很想找个人说话Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他太急于要回家了。intendedto=meanto:有什么打算，意图dressupas:化妆成为thenightbefore:前一个晚上（以过去的某一个时间为基准点）lastnight:昨天晚上（以现在为基准点）Thenightbeforeshegoteverythinbgready.Shewasimpatient(eager,anxious)totryiton.beimpatienttodosth:急于要做某事，迫不及待=eager,anxious,hungry,thirsty,despereat,can’twait(口)更焦急的情况用desperate(bedesperatetodosth),口语中用can'twait.(can'twaittodosth)tryon:试穿Afterputtingiton:穿上以后动词不定式towear,用来修饰说明comfortable,作它的状语Thebookisdifficulttoread.Thedressiseasytowash.Yourhandwritingiseasytorecognize.itwouldbecomfortable(forher)towear.Itiseasyformetoread主动形式————表达被动概念Themusicissweettohear.Themachineneedsrepairing“需要……”被动概念，用need,want和动名词形式直接搭配Eg:Thedictionaryisworthbuying.Thebookisworthreading.ThehouseisunderconstructionThepumaisundercontrol.Theproblemisunderdiscussion.Thethiefisunderarrest.介词under可以表达被动的意味Eg:Theairportcameintouseagain.cameintouse:不及物动词短语Ourtimehasalreadygonetowaste.（浪费掉，付诸东流）Sheisarespectableperson.(被尊敬的人)-able形容词后缀，跟在动词后表达“能够被…的“Thisisareturmablebottle.“由…所组成”：consistof,comprise本身表达被动概念，结构形式为主动。therewasaknockonthefrontdoor:人有敲门comein:进来straight:直接地，径直地ifever---ever用语条件句，表示任何时候，任何场合==wheneverEg:IfeveryouseeGeorgegivehimmybestregards.WheneverheisintroubleI'llbeonthespot.Notwanting----分词的否定结构形式，做原因状语。多用于句首，也可插入句中，主谓之间。Eg:Notwantingtomakehernervous,thedoctordidn’tfullyexplaintheseriousnessofhercondition.=Thedoctor,notwantingtomakehernervous,didn’tfullyexplaintheseriousnessofhercondition.readthemetre:查电表saying---现在分词做伴随状语letoutacry大叫了一声===utter/giveacry.letout发出==giveshout高呼，高喊，有目的的shouttosb对某人高声喊shoutatsb对某人大喊大叫Lesson14Anoblegangster贵族歹徒一、【Text】课文TherewasatimewhentheownersofshopandbusinessesinChicagohadtopaylargesumsofmoneytogangstersinreturnfor'protection'.Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutofbusinessbydestroyinghisshop.Obtaining'protechonmoney'isnotamoderncrime.Aslongagoasthefourteenthcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.Sixhundredyearsago,SirJohnHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersandsettlednearFlorence.HesoonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.WhenevertheItaliancity-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythehighpricehedemanded.Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand