八年级动词不定式课件

动词不定式肯定：to+V.原或者(to)+V.原否定：not/never+(to)+V.原1)Helikestoreadnovels.2)Isawhimcome.3)Wedecidednottobuythathouse.4)Itisinterestingtoflyakite.5)Pleaselethimnotgothere.动词不定式的结构作主语Tohearyourvoiceissonice.Tostudyhardisveryimportant.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.Itisveryimportanttostudyhard.不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面。注意:1、Itis+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.for:adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征（important/necessary/interesting等.）of:adj.多为描述主语的品质特征（kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.）作主语Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisclever________youtosolvetheproblem.offor2、Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Ittakesmethreehourstofinishthehomeworkeveryday.作主语我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。Ispendthreehoursfinishingthehomeworkeveryday.3、Itis+n.(forsb)todosth.ItismypleasuretohelpyouwithyourEnglish.作主语4、用在谚语中Toseeistobelieve.Tosayiseasy,buttodoishard.作主语1、Itisnecessary______ustolearntowait.(of/for)2、Itwascareless______metobreakthecup.（of/for)3、Ittookthem1,000yuan_________thistable.(buy)4、Itismypleasure_________theboxforyou.(carry)tobuyforoftocarry练习5、轮到我们打扫教室了。Itisourturn_________________________6、Towastetimeistoshortenlife.（翻译成中文）tocleantheclassroom.浪费时间就是缩短生命。练习1、动词+todosth.常用动词有：want/wish/like/wouldlike/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等1、Ihopetofinishittomorrow.2、Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.作宾语2、动词＋疑问词+todoIdon’tknow____________next.Shecan’tdecide_________________.作宾语2、她不能决定买哪本书。1、我不知道接下来该做什么。whattodowhichbooktobuy=Shecan’tdecidewhichbooksheshouldbuy.1、Don’tforget_________________.(关灯)2、Ihappened________whenhecalledme.（出去）3、Idon’twant________________.(依赖别人）4、Samislearning________________.(怎样开车）5、Wepromise__________theenvironment.(保护)toturnoffthelighttogoouttodependonothershowtodriveacar练习toprotect1、动词+宾语（sb./sth.)+todosth.1、Theteacheraskedhertoanswerthequestion.2、Thedoctortoldmetohaveagoodrest.作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明常用动词有：ask,tell,allow,want等动词多为感官动词、使动词。一感：feel二听：hear,listento三使：make,let,have四看：see,notice,watch,lookatJohn’smothermakeshimplaythepianoeveryday.被动：John_________playthepianoeveryday.ismadeto2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式1、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen_________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)finishtalktoentertocome练习5、I’llhelpyou_________thisproblem.(tosolve/solve)6、Iwishyouwillstaywithus.(改成简单句）7、Herstorymadeuslaugh.(改成被动句）(to)solveIwishyoutostaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherstory.1、主语+be+todosth主语多为duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job等名词1、Myambitionistobeasinger.2、Hisworkistocleantheclassroomeveryday.作表语我的梦想是成为一名歌手。他的工作是每天清扫教室。2、谚语中1、Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.2、Toseeistobelieve.放在被修饰词的后面Ihavealotofworktodo.Iwanttofindsomethingtodrink.作定语不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。I’mlookingforahotel_________.A.stayB.stayatC.tostayD.tostayatD位置：Hehasn’tgotahousetolive_____.Ihavenopenstowrite_______.inwith1、原因状语:主语+be+adj.(表情感)+todosth.(happy/gladangry/sorry/sad/afraid等)I’msorrytohearthat.作状语I’mgladtoseeyou.2、目的状语Thesoldierranintotheroomtosavethegirl._________thesoldierrunintotheroom?WhydidManyparentssendtheirchildrenabroad___________________.(深造学习)tofurthertheirstudies3、结果状语too+adj./adv.+todosth.adj./adv.enoughtodosth.Youaretooyoungtodothisjob.Heranfastenoughtocatchthebus.动词不定式可以充当的句子成分1、作主语2、作宾语3、作宾语补足语4、作表语5、作定语6、作状语7、与特殊疑问词连用8、特殊用法和固定表达AllIdidwastogivehimsomeadvice.Hisdreamistotravelallovertheworld.Lucyneedsafriendtoplaywith.Hewasthelastguesttoarrive.It’sinterestingtoreadasciencefiction.下列不定式作何种成分？（表语）（表语）（定语）（定语）（主语）Hewasgladtoseeyou.Myfatherofferedtobuyacomputerforme.HeintervieweddetectiveKentogetsomeinformation.Thedoctoraskedhimtohavemorefruitandvegetables.（状语）（宾语）（状语）（宾语补足语）下列不定式作何种成分？1、习惯于beusedto_______被用于beusedto_______Waterisusedto_____(put)outfires.Iamusedto_______(take)awalkaftersupper.2、prefer…to…比起……来更喜欢比起游泳来，我更喜欢跑步。Iprefer________to___________.3、lookforwardto期待，盼望I’mlookingforwardto_______(visit)Beijingagain.介词to与不定式to的区别puttakingrunningswimmingvisitingdodoing1.作主语2.作宾语3.作宾语补足语4.作定语5.作状语6.作表语7.作独立成分8.与疑问词等连用三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearn.(1).主语不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.isis(2).表语Iwanttogohome.Theworkersdemandedtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.(3)宾语think/consider/findit+adj.+todo常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,refuse,learn,setoutchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).宾补二看watchseelookat三使letmakehave一听listentohear四注意:feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等notice五感觉:2.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsb.todowishsb.todogetsb.todoordersb.todofindsb.tobelikesb.todowouldlikesb.todohelpsb.todoIhavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(5).定语(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.)•不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。1.不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：(1)动宾关系Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。(2)主谓关系Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他总是第一个来。(3)同位关系W