形容词与副词以及比较级最高级

形容词与副词以及比较知识梗概小明吃苹果小明是苹果6系动词+形容词感官类变化类保持类其它Look看上去becomekeepBeisamarewaswerebeenSmell闻起来turn转换变成stay保持Sells+well卖得好Taste藏起来get变成…remain保持Theshoessoldwelllastyear.AgoodBwellCgoodlySound听起来go变得gowronggobadgomadTaste尝起来grow变成Touch摸起来come变成cometrue一形容词&副词的功能形容词—修饰名词（聪明的）小明吃（红色的）苹果副词—修饰动词小明（快乐地）吃苹果1比较特殊的形容词earlyadj.早的；早期的adv.早earlierearliestfriendlyadj.友好的adv.友好地，朋友般地friendlierfriendliestmorefriendlymostfriendlylivelyadj.活泼的生动的adv.富有活力地livelierliveliestdeadlyadj.致命的adv.极其死了一样地deadlierdeadliestsillyadj.蠢的糊涂的没有副词silliersilliestlovelyadj.可爱的没有副词lovelierloveliestlonelyadj.孤独的寂寞的alonelonelierloneliestdailyadj.每日的日常的adv.每日没有比较级没有最高级weeklyadj.每周的adj.每周没有比较级没有最高级monthlyadj.每月的adv.每月没有比较级没有最高级yearlyadj.每年的adv.每年没有比较级没有最高级2比较特殊的副词：加ly但不是副词的形容词(ly不是后缀)Hard硬的努力勤奋的困难的hard…地…地…地…地hardly几乎不near近的亲密的near在近处；在附近nearly几乎late迟的晚的末期的late迟（地）后期地lately近来，最近loud大声的loud大声地loudly吵闹地高声地(不舒服)一形容词&副词的功能1形容词--修饰名词副词—修饰动词注意点：加ly仍然是形容词；特殊的副词。2so/such的辨析3不定代词与形容词的搭配4系动词与形容词的搭配5elseenough的用法6联系动词+形容词二形容词/副词比较级1变化的法则2同级比较、两者比较、三者比较3特殊的短语比较级and比较级/the比较级,the比较级high高的high高地highly（程度）高度地极非常wide宽的广阔的wide广阔地widely（程度）广泛地；普遍地deep深的deep深深地deeply（程度）强烈地深入地short短的，短暂的short简短地突然shortly（程度时间）立刻，扼要地free自由的；免费的空闲的free自由地freely（程度）无限制地慷慨地Close近的Close近Closely仔细地fast快的fast快-early早的；早期的early早；在初期；先前-Good好的Well好地-3复合不定代词somethinganythingsomeone等+形容词之后；不定代词whoallsomeany….复合不定代词everythingeveryoneeverybodysomethingsomeonesomebodyany…Ihavesomethingamazingtoshowyou!Doyouhaveanythingunusual?4else/enough的用法(1)Whatelsedoyouwant?你还要别的什么吗？Anythingelsetotake?还有任何其他要拿的东西吗？Whoelsedoyouwanttosee?你还想见别的什么人吗？IthinksIcanteachyousomethingelse.(2)Enough+名词:enoughmoneyenoughwater形容/副词+enough:goodenoughstrongenoughHeranquicklyenough5such和so的区别1.1so+形容词……that：socuteaboy1.2such+名词……that：suchacuteboyHeissoexcellent(aman)thatlotsofgirlslikehim.他是如此优秀以至于很多女孩子都喜欢他.Heissuchanexcellentmanthatlotsofgirlslikehim.他是如此优秀以至于很多女孩子都喜欢他.Somany复数可数名词thatSofew复数可数名词thatSomuch不可数名词thatSolittle不可数名词thatSo…that…如此的…以至于….Such…that…如此的…以至于…6系动词+形容词感官类变化类保持类其它Look看上去becomekeepBeisamarewaswerebeenSmell闻起来turn转换变成stay保持sellswell卖得好Taste藏起来get变成…remain保持Sound听起来go变得gowronggobadgomadTouch摸起来come变成cometruegrow变成形容词与副词的比较一、形容词变化规则1一般单音节词未尾加-er,-esttall-taller-tallestgreat-greater-greatest2以不发音的e结尾的单音词nice-nicer-nicestlarge-larger-largest3重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）结尾；双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-estbig(大的)biggerbiggesthot热的)hotterhottest注意：enewonow结尾不双写辅音slowwer(错)newwer(错)4以辅+y结尾的词，改y为i，再加-er，-esteasy—easier---easiestbusy—busier—busiest元音+y结尾的词，y不变,直接加-er,est,greygreyer—greyestgraygrayer--grayest5.其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，themost来构成比较级和最高级。Oftenmoreoftenthemostoftenimportant(重要的)moreimportantthemostimportanteasily(容易地)moreeasilymosteasily;moreoften,themostoften.Morefamous,themostfamous.二副词变化规则6.1单音节（不加ly）副词（和单音节形容词一样）一般加-er-est：nearnearernearesthardharderhardest6.2以-ly结尾的副词（除early）须用more和themost.EarlyearlierearliestQuicklymorequicklythemostquickly7不规则变化Good/well-better-thebestBad/badly/ill-worse-theworstMany/much-more-themostlittle-less-theleast(few-fewer-thefewest)Far-Farther-thefarthest（距离）Far-further-thefurthest（程度上）Old-older-theoldest(比较大小)Old-elder-theeldest(表血缘关系长幼辈)用法Icanthrowitfatherthanyou.IneedtogototheUSforfurtherstudy进修Sheismyeldersister,sheisolderthanme.比较（同级比较/2者比较/≥者比较）一同级比较：as+形容/副词原级＋asTomisastallasJackShecoulddoaswellasaman.HerunsasfastasI.Heistwiceastallashisson.Adinosaur恐龙canbe10timesasheavyasanelephant.Adinosaur恐龙canbeasheavyas10elephants.Themoneyis3timesasmuchasmine.Themoneyisasmuchas3timesofmine否定相比（甲＜乙），用“notas(so)+原级＋as”e.g.sheisn’tas(so)carefulasyou.Ididn’tdomyhomeworkascarefullyasyou..Little–less–theleastLess更少的不如没有那么……Aisheavy,BislessheavythanA:B没有A那么重2.两者/双方/两部分间的比较。（1）两者相比（甲＞乙）:比较级＋thanThisroomisbiggerthanthatone.（2）表示“…不如…”:less＋原级＋thanThisroomislessbiggerthanthatone.所有的花朵都比叶子大Alltheflowersofthistreearebiggerthantheleaves所有的花朵都没有叶子大Alltheflowersarelessbigthantheleaves他吃的比你吃的多HeatemorethanI他吃的没有你吃的多Heatelessthanme这本书比那一部要难一些Thisbookismoredifficultthanthatone这本书没有那一本那么难Thisbookislessdifficultthanthatone比较级的标示(1)who+be+比较级,AorB?Whoistaller,TomorJohn?(2)the比较级+ofthetwo.(两者中较…的那个)Tomisthetallerofthetwo.=Tomistallerthantheotherboy.(3)tooveryratherquitepretty+原级：Theyardisverylarge.Much=far,even,alot,alittle+比较级:Thatyardisevenlarger.Muchbigger更加大得多farmoredifficult更加难得多muchlonger更加长得多farmoredangerous更加危险得多（4）常见句型（A）The比较级...，the比较级...:越...就越...Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.（B）比较级and比较级:越来越...Thecomputerischeaperandcheaper.3.最高级用于表示三者或三者以上的“最……”。1Who/which+be+最高级,a,b,orc?Whichisthemostexpensive,abicycle,amotorcycle,oracar?2Sb./Sth＋be最高级+in/of＋表范围的短语Heisthetallestboyinourclass.Heistheoldestofthethree.3Oneofthe+最高级+复数：最……的……之一Theyellowriverisoneofthelongestriversinchina.4Be+the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围,……是…….的第几……sheisthesecondtalleststudentinourclass.5最高级+haveeverseen/heard/eaten/read/known.我所见过的/听过的/吃过的/读过的/知道的……最....Unit28A（语法形容词与副词&比较级1）一.写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：Great_______________long_______________poor______________loud____________soon______________Young______________kind____________rich______________quick___________cold