Unit 5 The Real Truth about Lies综合教程三

Unit1Unit5TheRealTruthaboutLiesWatchthevideoclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whydopeopletellwhitelies?2.Whatarethecommonwhitelies?Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationBecausethey’rewhiteandmorepoliteandmakepeoplefeelallright.IsayI’m10whenI’m9andahalf;IpretendI’masleepwhenmydadwalksin,etc.Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationIsayI’m10whenI’m9andahalfMyuncletellsajokeandItrytolaughIngymIfakeaheadachewhenIwanttoquitIsayIlovethesweaterthatmygrandmaknitButthat’sawhitelieWhitelieThat’sthekindyouwanttotell,awhitelieWhitelieSoyourmomwon’thavetoyell,awhitelieWhitelieEverybodydoesit‘causeitfeelsallrightAndit’smorepoliteButalie’sstillalie,evenwhenit’swhiteIpretendI’masleepwhenmydadwalksinIsaidIatemychickenbutIjustatetheskinVideoScript1AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationFromLietoMeUnit7Unit7VideoScript2AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationYourfacecansayyou’relyingWhenyourmouthsaysyou’renotYourpedsareonfirebutthey’renottoohotWhenit’sawhitelieWhitelieIt’sthekindyouwanttotell,awhitelieWhitelieSoyourdadwon’thavetoyell,awhitelieWhitelieEverybodydoesit‘causeitfeelsallrightAndit’smorepolite,butalie’sstillalieEvenwhenit’swhiteWhileitmightbehardtosaywhat’strueWouldyouwantawhitelietoldtoyou?VideoScript3AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationButthat’sawhitelieWhitelieThat’sthekindyouwanttotell,awhitelieWhitelieSoyourmomwon’thavetoyell,awhitelieWhitelieEverybodydoesit‘causeitfeelsallrightAndit’smorepoliteButalie’sstillalieEvenwhenit’swhiteCulturalinformation1AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation1.Awhitelieisonethatlacksevilintent,asopposedtoablacklie,whichismostcertainlymalevolent,thoughnormallywedon’tbothertospecifythatliesareevil.Awhitelieisharmlessortrivial,whichisfrequentlysaidinordertoavoidhurtingsomeone’sfeelings.Prosocial:Lyingtoprotectsomeone,tobenefitorhelpothers.Self-enhancement:Lyingtosaveface,toavoidembarrassment,disapprovalorpunishment.Selfish:Lyingtoprotecttheselfattheexpenseofanother,and/ortoconcealamisdeed.Antisocial:Lyingtohurtsomeoneelseintentionally.2.BehavioralscientistWendyGambleidentifiedfourbasictypesofliesforaUniversityofArizonastudyin2000:Culturalinformation2AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationInthistext,theauthorassertstheubiquitouspresenceofpettywhitelies,analyzesitscauses,discussesitsgraveconsequences,andconcludesthatsomeliesarejustifiable,whileothersaretobeavoided.Thisisapieceofpersuasivewriting.Itisofjournalisticstyle.GlobalReading-StructuralanalysisStructuralAnalysisTextAnalysisStructuralanalysisStructuralAnalysisTextAnalysisTheauthorbeginswiththeresultsoftwosurveys.Thenhecommentsontheconsequencesoftellinglies.Intheend,hediscusseswhichliesshouldbeavoided.PartI(Paras.1-6)introducesthetopicbyreportingtwosurveyresults.PartII(Paras.7-11)showsthatpeopleoftentellwhiteliessoasnottohurtothers.PartIII(Paras.12-15)dealswiththeconsequencesoftellinglies.PartIV(Paras.16-18)discusseswhetherliesshouldbeavoidedatallcosts.Detailedreading1-2DetailedReadingTheRealTruthaboutLiesRandyFitzgerald1AttheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville,psychologyprofessorBellaDePaulogot77studentsand70townspeopletovolunteerforanunusualproject.Allkeptdiariesforaweek,recordingthenumbersanddetailsoftheliestheytold.2OnestudentandsixCharlottesvilleresidentsprofessedtohavetoldnofalsehoods.Theother140participantstold1535.Detailedreading3-43Theliesweremostoftennotwhatmostofuswouldcallearth-shattering.Someonewouldpretendtobemorepositiveorsupportiveofaspouseorfriendthanheorshereallywas,orfeignagreementwitharelative’sopinion.AccordingtoDePaulo,womenintheirinteractionswithotherwomenliedmostlytosparetheother’sfeelings.Menliedtoothermengenerallyforself-promotingreasons.4Moststrikingly,thesetellers-of-a-thousand-liesreportedthattheirdeceptionscausedthem“littlepreoccupationorregret.”Mightthat,too,bealie?Perhaps.Butthereisevidencethatthisattitudetowardscasualuseofprevaricationiscommon.DetailedReadingDetailedreading55Forexample,20,000middleandhigh-schoolersweresurveyedbytheJosephsonInstituteofEthics—anonprofitorganizationinMarinadelRey,California,devotedtocharactereducation.Ninety-twopercentoftheteenagersadmittedhavingliedtotheirparentsinthepreviousyear,and73percentcharacterizedthemselvesas“serialliars,”meaningtheytoldliesweekly.Despitetheseadmissions,91percentofallrespondentssaidtheywere“satisfiedwithmyownethicsandcharacter.”DetailedReading6Thinkhowoftenweheartheexpressions“I’llcallyou”or“Thecheckisinthemail”or“I’msorry,buthesteppedout.”Andthenthereareprofessions—lawyers,pundits,publicrelationsconsultants—whosemembersseemtospecializeinshapingorspinningthetruthtosuitclients’needs.7Littlewhitelieshavebecomeubiquitous,andthereasonswegiveeachotherfortellingfibsarefamiliar.Consider,forexample,acorporateexecutivewhomI’llcallTom.Hegoeswithhiswifeandsontohismother-in-law’shomeforaholidaydinnereveryyear.Tomdislikesher“special”pumpkinpieintensely.Invariablyhetellsherhowwonderfulitis,toavoidhurtingherfeelings.Detailedreading6-7DetailedReadingDetailedrea