初中定语从句课件精心完全版(首先)

定语从句讲解•什么是定语从句呢？答案：用来修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的分类：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句1.从结构上来看eg:Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.先行词______________关系词___定语从句___________关系词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why关系代词：指物：thatwhich指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom（宾格）2.判断•关系代词和关系副词的使用取决于他们在定语从句中充当的成分。•eg:Theschool(which/that/x)wevisited宾语lastyearisunderconstruction.•eg:Theschool(where)weworked状语lastyearisunderconstructionnow.3成分•关系代词whowhomwhichthat---主语/宾语whose------定语•关系副词whenwhywhere-----状语•主语宾语介宾•人whowhom介+whom•thatthat•物whichwhich介+which•功能不省可省介词提前不可省Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.Practise:1.Thisisthehousewhichisforsale.2.Thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine.which/that作主语.(不能省)who/that作主语.(不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语)1.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.2.Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday?3.Thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin./thatwhich/that作宾语：（可省略）Thisisthecard.I’vejustreceivedthecard.Thisisthecardwhich/thatI’vejustreceived.Practise:1.Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.2.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.3.Ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme.()（作宾语）whom/that作宾语：(可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.Theman(whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语）1.TheboywhomI‘mlookingforismyfriend.2.Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.Thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.介宾•eg:Theschoolinwhichheworksisfarfromhishouse.•Americanwomenusuallyconsidertheirbestfriendassomeonewithwhomtheycantalkfrequently.注意：定语从句中固定动词短语（动词+介词）不拆开•如lookfor,lookafter,takeon,takeafter......•eg:Thesearethepicturesthat/which/xIamlookingfor.有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种：1.当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它们修饰时。That’sallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.4.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.whose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.•Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).•A.whoB.whoseC.who’sD.which例句赏析~~~~It’saninventionwhich/thatisusedforkeepingofftherain.《飘》It’sabookthat/whichwaswrittenbyMargaretMitchell.GonewiththewindIt’stheWallthat/whichwasbuiltbyChinesepeople.It’sananimalthat/which….It’sananimalthat/whichhasbignose.Exercise1:用关系代词填空1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise2.1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：when/where/whywhen作时间状语:Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.Shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried.Itwastheyear.TheWorldWarIbrokeoutintheyear.Itwastheyearwhen(=inwhich)theWorldWarIbrokeout.When=介词+whichwhere作地点状语Iwanttoknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.Iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.where=介词+whichwhy作原因状语,其先行词常常是thereason.Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)I’mlate.Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.why=forwhichExercise•1.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat•2.Isthatthereason_____youarefortheplan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat•3.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.•A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat•4.Isthistheplace______youwereborn?•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that•挑战高难度！！！•1.Isthistheplace______youwereborn?•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that•2.Isthistheplace______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastyear?•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.why•3.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseumnow.•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that•4.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterboughtmanyyearsagoisamuseumnow.•A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why•5.Hetoldherthereason____whyheisunhappy,butshedoesn’tbelievethereason______hegivesher.•A.why;why•B.why;which•C.that;why•D.which;why谢谢观赏~~~