初三牛津版本上册Unit-7-——-定语从句

Unit7——定语从句概念引入定语从句名言欣赏：Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface.笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。Don’ttrustthefirstsignthatyousee.不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。Allisnotgoldthatglitters.发光的未必都是金子。Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhohaswill.世上无难事，只怕有心人。Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。用法讲解一、定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.这是他给我的生日礼物。Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?你认识来宴会的每一位吗？ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Iprefersingerswhocanwritetheirownlyrics.我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。Thesearemusicianswhomakeushappy.这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。Peoplewhoeatabalanceddietarehealthier.平衡饮食的人是健康的。2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？Mr.Lee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.你想见的李先生已经来了。3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.字典是给单词释义的一本书。Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.这是老师昨天提到的那本书。5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.我喜欢具有优美歌词的音乐。Carmenlikesmusicthat’sloud.Carmen喜欢大声的音乐。IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.我喜欢能伴舞的音乐。6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.我从来不会忘记我们工作在农场的那个时光。HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.在我离开的那天他到的北京。7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.这是我们去年居住的那个房子。Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.他的父亲工作的工厂是在城市的东边。三、关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词可作状语。1.作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.我不喜欢说话多做事少的人。ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.在湖北省生产的汽车销量好。2.作宾语SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.她是我昨天在校门口遇到的那个人。ThebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalledTheGreatEscape.我奶奶给我的那本书叫做《胜利大逃亡》。3.作定语：关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男士叫什么名字？Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.她的父亲是一位老师的那个女孩学习非常努力。4.作状语I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.我从来不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.这是我出生的那个房子。四、具体使用时还要注意下列问题1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：1）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which。Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。2）被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，theone等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which。Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？在商店里你有什么东西要买吗？3）先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，little，few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。4）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。5）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？6）主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。2.只能用which，不用that的情况：1）先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that。What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.。Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。3.关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom或which放先行词后，而将介词置于定语从句的后面。Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears.那是我们居住了十年的房子。巩固练习I.用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago._________________________________________________________________2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege._________________________________________________________________3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.__________________________________________________________________4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingaboutherjustnow.__________________________________________________________________5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.__________________________________________________________________6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.___________________________________________________________________7.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.__________________________________________________________________8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.____________________________________________________________________9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.___________________________________________________________________10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisasinger.___________________________________________________________________II.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.3.Thisisthepresent_______hegavemeformybirthday.4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.III.单项填空。1.—Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?—Oh!It’sMr.Baker,o