冲压模具课程设计说明书

大学课程设计题目：旋转体的冲压工艺与模具设计班级：姓名：指导教师：完成日期：I设计任务书一、设计内容1、模具的图样设计1）了解制品的工艺性2）了解制品的生产批量3）了解制品所选用的冲压设备2、确定模具设计方案2）确定模具设计的基本结构3）确定模具所选用的标准件类型4）确定模具中凸凹模的尺寸5）对冲压机进行冲压力的校核6）完成模具图样的设计二、上交材料1、设计图纸2、设计说明书(5000字左右，无图纸不少于8000字)三、进度安排1、熟悉设计任务，收集相关资料2、拟定设计方案3、绘制图纸4、编写说明书5、整理及答辩II四、指导教师评语成绩：指导教师日期III摘要本次模具设计是从零件的工艺分析开始的，根据工艺要求来确定设计的大体思路。其开始是确定该模具类型为落料-拉深复合模，计算毛坯尺寸，确定拉深次数，作工艺计算，计算出冲裁时的冲压力、卸料力、推件力，以及拉深时的拉深力和压边力，确定模具的压力中心，选择压力机和确定冲模的闭合高度，最后根据前面所计算出的内容确定模具的凸、凹模尺寸和形状。设计出挡料销、卸料板、推件装置、弹簧、导柱、导套和模柄等模具的主要零部件，从而完成整个模具的设计工作。其中模具主要零部件结构设计是这次设计的主要内容，其内容包含了凹模结构设计、凸模结构设计、凸凹模结构设计、定位零件、弹性卸料装置、钢性推件装置、弹簧的选用、导柱与导套、模柄与模架的选取等重要零部件的设计加工方法和加工注意要点。这样更有利于加工人员的一线操作，使其通俗易懂加工方便。本次设计不仅让我熟悉了课本所学的知识，而且让我做到所学的运用到实践当中，更让我了解了冲压模具设计的全过程和加工实践中应注意的要点。使我在此次设计中有一个质的飞跃。关键词：拉深复合模冲压力冲模闭合高度拉深力IV目录1冷冲压工艺规程的编制··················································11.1工艺分析····························································11.2确定工艺方案·······················································12零件成形方案的确定·····················································32.1修边余量的确定····················································32.2毛坯尺寸的计算····················································32.3计算毛坯相对厚度·················································42.4总的拉深系数·······················································53工艺计算···································································63.1凸、凹模间隙值的确定···········································63.1.1冲裁间隙的确定············································63.1.2拉深间隙的确定············································73.2凸、凹模工作部分的尺寸·········································73.2.1总裁模凸、凹模配合加工时工作部分的尺寸··········73.2.2拉深模凸、凹模工作部分的尺寸························93.3拉深模凸、凹模圆角半径·········································93.3.1排样和裁板方式的经济性分析························113.3.2搭边························································113.3.3送料步距及条料宽度计算·······························123.3.4裁板方式的确定··········································133.3.5排样方式设计·············································143.4冲裁工艺力的计算···············································153.4.1冲裁力的计算·············································153.4.2卸料力、推件力和顶件力的计算······················153.4.3总冲压力的计算··········································16V3.5拉深力和压边力的计算·········································173.5.1拉深力的计算·············································173.5.2压边力的计算·············································183.6计算压力中心·····················································193.7选择压力机·······················································193.8冲模的闭合高度·················································214模具主要零部件的结构设计···········································224.1凹模的结构设计··················································224.1.1凹模洞口形状的选择····································224.1.2凹模的外形尺寸··········································22图4.3凹模·····················································244.1.3凹模的主要技术要求····································244.2凸模和凸凹模的结构设计······································244.3定位零件·························································264.3.1条料方向的控制·········································264.3.2挡料销的选择············································264.4弹性卸料装置·····················································264.5刚性推件装置·····················································264.6弹簧的选用·······················································264.7导柱与导套·······················································284.8模柄·······························································284.9模架的选取及装配图外形·······································29参考文献·······························································3111冷冲压工艺规程的编制1.1工艺分析该零件为旋转体零件。属于大批量生产，是一个不带凸缘的圆筒形零件，且其形状简单、对称，有利于合理排样、减小废料，直线、曲线的连接处为圆角过渡。其主要的形状、尺寸可以由冲裁和拉深工序获得。且选用08F钢，其弯曲半径均大于该种材料的最小弯曲半径，且工件精度要求不高，不需要校形，作为拉深成形尺寸，其相对值d凸/d、h/d都比较合适，拉深工艺性较好，因此，该零件可以用冷冲压加工成形。（宋体，小四号字，行间距21磅，字间距0.9磅）其零件如图1.1：图1.1零件图1.2确定工艺方案冲压该零件所需的基本工序为落料和拉深。其拉深工艺方案有以下几种：方案一：落料与拉深复合，采用正装复合模。方案二：落料与拉深复合，采用倒装复合模。方案三：先落料、再拉深，采用单工序模。2比较上述各方案可以看出：方案一的优点是在压力机一次行程内，可同时完成落料及拉深工序，在完成这些工序的过程中，冲件材料无需进给移动；冲件精度高，不受送料误差影响，内外形相对位置一致性好；冲件表面较为平整；适宜冲薄料及脆性或软性材料；可充分利用短料和边角余料；冲压生产率高，适合于大批量生产，缺点是冲模面积较小，制造复杂，价格较高。方案二的优点是废料能直接从压力机台面落下，而冲裁件从上模推下，比较容易引出去，操作方便安全，且易于安装送料装置，缺点同方案一。方案三：优点是通用性好，冲模结构简单、制造周期短，价格低，适合于小批量生产，缺点是冲压生产率低。由以上分析可知，该零件的加工选用方案一为优。32零件成形方案的确定2.1修边余量的确定一般拉深件，在拉深成形后，工件口或凸缘周边不齐，必须进行修边以达到工件的要求。因此，在按照工件图样计算毛坯尺寸时，必须加上修边余量后再计算，查表2.1可得：2。表2.1无凸缘圆筒形拉伸件的修边余量δ工件高度h工件的相对高度h/H附图0.5~0.80.8~1.61.6~2.52.5~4101.01.21.5210~201.21.622.520~5022.53.3450~10033.856100~150456.58150~20056.3810200~25067.591125078.51012表出自文献[2]2.2毛坯尺寸的计算出自文献[2]式[2.1]毛坯尺寸计算公式：2222256.072.1)(4rrdHddD)(655.456.0365.472.1)23.20(3643622mm式中：D———毛坯直径其它尺寸如图2.1所示：4图2.1毛坯尺寸2.3计算毛坯相对厚度式中h和H必须加上修边余量。第一次拉深：651Dt6.1)%65/1()%/(Dt所以查表2.2可知可用压边圈拉深。表2.2采用或不采用压边圈的条件拉深方法第一次拉深以后各次拉深（t/D）/%m1（t/D）/%mn用压边圈1.50.6010.80可用可不用1.5~2.00.601~1.50.80不用压边圈2.00.601.50.80表出自文献[2]5表2.3无凸缘圆筒形件用压边圈拉深时的拉深系数拉深系数毛坯相对厚度t/D/%2~1.51.5~1.01.0~0.60.6~0.30.3~0.150.15~0.08m10.48~0.500.50~0.530.53~0.550.55~0.580.58~0.600.60~0.63m20.73~0.750.75~0.760