how-to-write-a-critique

wikiHowtoWriteaCritiqueThreeParts:ReadingNon-FictionCritiqueFictionCritiqueCommunityQ&AAcriticalessayorcritiquesummarizes,analyzesandcommentsonacreativeornon-fictionwork.Critiquescanbeaninformalhandwrittendocumentonanauthor'sdraftorapolishedpaperonpublishedprose.Eitherway,不管怎么样learninghowtowriteathoughtfulcritiquewillimproveyourcriticalthinkingasawriterandreader.1Obtainacleancopyoftheworkfromabookstoreorthewriter.Makesuretherearenootherannotations.Forbestresults,为了获得最佳效果buyoraskforacopyoftheworkthatyoucanmarkondirectly.2Developasystemofannotation.Forexample,decidetounderlinethethesisstatement,circleimageryandmakenotesoncharactersandplotinthemargins.Ifitishelpfultoyou,aprofessororwriter,createalegend签章ofyourannotationsonthefirstpageofthework.3Readthroughtheproseaninitialtimeasyouannotate.Aninitialreading一开始读的时候，刚读的时候初始读的时候isessentialtomarkdownfirstimpressionsandplotdevelopments划分出它的发展整体思路和文章Divideabookintosmallersections.Readingforcritiquesshouldbefocusedreading,4Divideabookintosmallersections.Readingforcritiquesshouldbefocusedreading,sodon'tdotoomuchatonce.5Askquestionsinthemargins.Inadditiontoannotation,ifyouarecritiquingadraftofastoryoressay,questionscanhelpelucidate阐释iftheauthorhasadditionalplotworkoriftheyaresimplycreatingtension.6Rereadtheworkagain.Duringthesecondreading,expandyourannotationforgrammar,spellingandcharacterorplotdevelopmenterrors.7Includepositivecomments.Ifimagery,characteroranargumentiswellmade,highlightitornoteitinthecolumns.Part2EditNon-FictionCritique1Beginwritingyourcritiqueonawordprocessor.开始部分用一句话来写（加工）你的评论Ifyouarebeingaskedtodoacritiqueofnon-fictionwork非小说,itisusuallywithanattentiontoscholarshipanddetail.2Makeyourfirstparagraphthesummary.Detailthework,authorandsubjectarea.Youmaywanttoincludeinitialdatesofpublicationandanychangesthatwerelatermadetotheworkthatshouldbetakenintoaccount.（consideration）3Summarizetheworknext.Suggestwhatyouthinkthethesisstatementtheauthorconveys.Addwhatevidenceisusedandwhatthepurposeofthearticleis.4Reviewthebodyofthework.In3ormorebodyparagraphsyoushouldrefertothefollowingsubjects:Explainwhattheauthor'scredentials资格are.Establishwhetheryouthinktheauthorisreliableinthetreatmentoftheevidence.Forexample,perhapstheauthorthatisoutsideofhisexpertise专业知识orestablishes把自己树立成himselfasaforemost最著名expertwiththiswork.Evaluatetheevidencegiven.Donotbeafraidtodothisoverseveralparagraphs,iftheauthorusesdifferenttypesofevidenceorstudies.Writeabouttheauthor'sargument.Answerwhetheritfollowsalogicalpath.Decidewhethertheauthorwassuccessful.回答出它是否符合逻辑，给出定论它是否成功Outlineanycounterarguments反驳的论点thatthearticleorbookinspired主张的.Detailanypossiblenewerresearch,changesorholesintheevidence.5Concludewithageneralopinionofthework.普通的，综合的观点Thecritiqueshouldbebasedonresearchandreading;however,itshouldultimatelysaywhetheryouagreedwiththeauthorandwhy.Trytoavoidoverly-emotionalreasoningandstickto紧紧围绕factsaboutthewritingandargument.Part3EditFictionCritique1Clarifywiththeauthororprofessorwhatyouarebeingaskedtocritique.Ifyouareaskedtodoageneralanalysis,youcanincludewhatyouthinkarethemostimportantproblemsandassetsofthetext.2Introducethecritiquewithashortdescriptionoftheauthorandtext.Foracademiccritiques,theintroductionshouldoutlinewhatyouarebeingaskedtocritique.3Explainthesignificanceofthework.Thiscanbedoneintheintroductionorneartheend,ifyoudesire.4Beginwithpositivecritiques,ifyouarewritingthecritiquebasedonadraft.Critiquesbasedonworksinprogressshouldbeginandendwithpositiveassessments.Thepositiveassessmentsshouldbeginwithageneraldescriptionofwhatispositiveinthetext.Then,youcanincludepraiseofimagery,charactersandotherdetails.5Includeashortsummaryoftheworknext.Forapublishedwork,thiswillgiveyourbasisforreview.Foranon-publishedwork,thiswilltelltheauthorhowyouinterpreted（explain）thework.6Doananalysisofthelargerelements基础要素offiction,suchasplot,setting,protagonist,antagonistandpointofview.Youdonotneedtodoananalysisofalloftheseelements,unlessyouareaskedtobytheauthororassignment.Focusonthingsthatstuckoutasyoureadandrereadthework.7Addbothpositiveandnegativepointsundereachsection.Trynottoreferto针对thingsthatneedworkasweaknesses.8Suggestpossiblechangestodrafts;however,donotwritethemoutindetail.Itisuptotheauthortorevise.9Explaintheoverallsuccessoftheworkintheconclusion.Ifyouaredoinganacademiccritique,addhowyouinterpretedtheworkandfounditconvincingandcomplete.Ifyouaredoingadraftwritingcritique,feelfreetoleaveafewopinionsortopicsforthoughtanddiscussion.Considerpresentingyourcritiquetotheauthorinperson.Writtencritiquesdonothavethenuanceofverbalcritiques.