必修三unit5 grammar同位语从句

Unit5GrammarNounClausesastheappositivenounclauses名词性从句subjectiveclause主语从句objectiveclause宾语从句predicativeclause表语从句appositiveclause同位语从句思考：何为同位语？1.Theirfriend,DannyLin,waswaitingattheairport.2.Imyselffinishedthehomework.3.LinFei,oneofmymother’soldschoolmates,liveshere.同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。（对前面名词或代词的补充说明）同位语theAppositive语法精解(一)1.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.2.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.3.WordcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.4.Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.观察下列句子红线的部分所修饰的名词。一、定义同位语从句一般放在__________的后面，用以_______名词所表示的具体内容。在句中作同位语。二、常引导同位语从句的抽象名词fact,news,idea,promise,question,problem,doubt,fear,hope,order,belief,thought,truth,suggestion,advice…某些抽象名词解释或说明引导同位语从句的连接词1.如同位语从句意义、结构完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）；如同位语从句意义不完整，结构完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.•Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.2.若同位语从句句意不完整，缺主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词who,what，which等。•Thequestionwhoshouldgoabroadhasn’tbeendecidedyet.3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“为什么”、“什么方式”等含义，应用连接副词when,where,how等词引导同位语从句。例：Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.•例：Ihavenoimpressionhowhewenthome,perhapsbybike.引导同位语从句的连接词功能例词从属连词只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。that,whether连接代词既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分。who,what，whose,which连接副词既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（状语）。when,where,why,how复合代词&复合副词既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主语、宾语、表语或定语、状语）。whoever,whatever,whichever,whenever,wherever,howeverwhetherwhathowhowever观察1.Thefacthasattractedourattentionthatit’sstillrainingheavily.2.Thenewshasspreadallovertheschoolthatourclasswinthegame.同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）注意:1:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.2:Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.（word：n消息）分隔式同位语从句若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,order等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用(should)+do1).Imadethesuggestionthatthemeeting____________________(bring)toanend.(should)bebrought2).Theorderthatwe____________(send)afewpeopletohelpthemwasreceivedyesterday.3).Theorderthatwe__________(receive)yesterdaywasthatwe___________(send)afewpeopletohelpthem.(should)sendreceived(should)send注意:A:Heputforwardthesuggestionthatthesecondquestionshouldbediscussedfirst.B:Thesuggestionthathehadputforwardwasturndown.仔细看，找区别判断下面的句子是否是同位语从句，如不是，那又是什么从句。A:ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.B:ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的区别类别性质功能引导词that的作用Wh-引导词的作用同位语从句定语从句形容词性修饰限定既替代先行词，同时也在句中做某种成分，做宾语可以省略。关系词没有疑问意义,可替换先行词.名词性只起连接作用，不做成分,不能省略。不能替换所修饰的名词,有疑问意义。补充说明Tip1:抽象名词后面的从句如果是一个完整的句子,则该从句为同位语从句。反之，多为定语从句。同位语从句与定语从句的区别类别性质功能引导词that的作用Wh-引导词的作用同位语从句定语从句形容词性修饰限定既替代先行词，同时也在句中做某种成分，做宾语可以省略。关系词没有疑问意义,可替换先行词.名词性只起连接作用，不做成分,不能省略。不能替换所修饰的名词,有疑问意义。补充说明Tip2:在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句。反之，则为定语从句。在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.Thenewsisthatourteamhaswonthegame.Thenewsisthathetoldmeyesterday.(句子通顺，是同位语从句）（句子不通顺，是定语从句）1.Thenewsthatwehadsuccessfullysentupanothercommunicationsatellitespreadthroughouttheworld.2.That’sthebestpieceofnewsthatI’veheard.3.Thenewswhichwasspreadingallovertheschoolprovedtobeuntrue.判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。定语从句定语从句同位语从句4.Isthereanyhopethathewillbehomeat7:30?5.Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.6.Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.7.Thereisastrongpossibilitythatwemayhaveexamsforthenextweek.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句