Grammar and usage定语从句

Grammarandusage定语从句成分所指关系词主语指人指物宾语指人指物定语指人指物that/whothat/which(that/who/whom)(that/which)whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhichA“ModelWorker(劳动模范)shouldbehard-workingandbrave.Heshouldalsobeaperson________isabletostandhardship.XiaoShenyangisjustapersonmakingpeoplelaugh.HeshouldnotbeconsideredaModelWorker.who/thatDoyouthinkXiaoShengyangshouldbeconsidereda“ModelWorker”?ThePeople‘sRepublicofChina(中华人民共和国),_____wasfoundedin1949,celebratesthe60thanniversaryofitsfoundingonOctober1st,2009.whichInreallife,Beyoncéhasbeenworkinghardtoproveherself.AfterahugesuccesswiththegirlgroupDestiny'sChild,shehadherfirstalbumDangerouslyInLove_______earnedherfiveGrammyAwardsin2004.that1.Themostimportantthing____weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing____Ihavesaid.2.Thisistheverydictionary_____Iamlookingfor.3.Thereisnothing______canpreventhimfromdoingthat.4.Those______breaktherulewillbepunished.thatthatthatFillintheblankswiththeproperrelativewordsthatwho5.Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_______roof(屋顶)isunderrepair.6.Iamlookingforaboxin_____Icanputallmythings.7.Heisthe(only)oneofthestudentswho______passedtheexam.8.Idon’tliketheway____________youtalktoyourmother.whose(that/inwhich)haswhichtheone(that/which)which9.Thesongis_________________Ilikebest.10.Doyoulikethesong__________welistenedtobeforeclass?(that/which)11.Doyoulikethesongto______welistenedbeforeclass?Themantowho/whomyouspokeisourheadmaster.Thecityinthat/whichshelivesisfaraway.Arethesetwosentencesright?注意:介词+which（指物),不可省介词+whom（指人),不可省介词后不用who、thattoinThecitywhichshelives_____isfaraway.Themanwhomyouspoke_____isourheadmaster.A.Thefarm____whichweworkedtenyearsagoisbeautiful.B.Thisisthetree______whichweusedtoplaygames.onunderpreposition+which（指物）preposition+whom(指人）Howtochoosetherightprepositions1.介词的确定方法•Themoney_______whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.•Hewillneverforgettheday____whichhefailedintheexam.①根据先行词来确定onwithWethoughtyouwereaperson_______whomwecouldexpectgooddecisions.TheWestLake,____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.②根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定forfromAir,________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.③根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定withoutThepen_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.with2.介词的位置①一般情况下，介词一般放在关系代词which和whom之前，也可放在动词后。Thisistheman________________Ilearnedthenewsfrom.Thisistheman____________Ilearnedthenews.fromwhom(who/whom/that)Thisistheroom____________welivedinlastyear.(that/which)inwhichThisistheroom_________welivedlastyear.Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?②固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有:lookfor/after/forwardto,carefor(照顾，喜欢）hearof/about/from,takecareof等.ThisistherightplaceI’mlookingfor.Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.1.Doyoulikethebook________shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebook________shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_________sheoftentalks?onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhich介词+关系代词的使用5.Theman_________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.6.Glasses,___________Ican’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,_______weareproud.8.Doyouremembertheday_______youjoinedourclub?towhomwithoutwhichofwhichonwhichThisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacher_________________isafamousdoctor.1.名词+介词+关系代词thedaughterofwhomRecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase（花瓶）,_______wasveryreasonable（合理的）.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhoseWehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的两个）•2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数）twoofwhomThefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat3.代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等）Theoldwomanhastwosons,__________areteachers.（两个都是）bothofwhomLastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.A.bothoftheyB.neitherofwhomC.bothofthemD.allofwhom4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）thelargestofwhichTherearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich5.介词+关系代词+名词Hespentfouryearsincollege,_____________hestudiedmedicine.（在那段时间内）duringwhichtimeIntheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_______timemanypeoplehavegonehome.A.whoseB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichWhendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?WecamehereonOct.12,2005.Itwastheday_____________weweresentintothespace.when(onwhich)Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??hispacecapsuleWeworkandliveinaspacecapsule(太空舱).Itisaplace______________anastronautworksandlives.where(inwhich)Whatareyoudoingnow?I’mhavingmybloodpressure(血压)taken.I’mtakingpictures.Canyoutellmethereason______________youaretakingpictures?why/forwhichWecelebratethe60thanniversary(周年纪念日)ofthefoundingofthePRConOctober1st,2009.Iwillneverforgettheday______________wecelebratethe60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePRC.when/onwhichHongKongreturnedtoChinaonJuly1st,1997.Theday________________HongK