2010高三英语高考《语法》专题复习系列课件31《动词的语态》

2010高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件31《动词的语态》PassiveVoice被动语态LeadinRockets________(use)tosendupsatellites．areused火箭发射图Therocket_____________(sendup)intospace．isbeingsentup污染图Theairandthewater________________(pollute)．arebeingpolluted砍伐图Trees___________(cut)down．Soil____________(wash)away．arebeingcutwillbewashed拳击图Aboxer_____________(beat)down．hasbeenbeaten双子楼图Thetwintowers___________(attack)in2001．wereattacked生病图Theboymay_______________(infect)withAIDS．havebeeninfected表格：被动态基本结构时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/willbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneOralpractice-主动句改被动句Oralpractice--1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.2)Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．3)WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．•Hewasknockeddownbyacar…．•Themedicalteamismadeupof…．•Afallentreewasbeingcutup…．4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．•TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．•Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuilt…．•Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．7)Weshouldprotecttheearth．8)Youneedtopaintthewall．9)Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．•I•Agift•Theearthshouldbeprotected．•Thewallneedstobepainted．•Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday．•Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.10)Wealwayskeeptheroomclean．11)Weoftenhearhimplayguitar．12)Theysawaboyflyingakite．•Theroomisalwayskeptclean．•Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar．•Aboywasseenflyingakite．Correctingmistake2.Correctthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity．3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?wassentwilllastwerehurt4)Afirewasbrokenoutlastnight．5)Hehadtotravelbybusashiscarwasdamagedinanaccidentafewdaysbefore．6)Thelargebuildingthatisnowbuiltwillbeahospital．hadbeendamagedisnowbeingbuiltbrokeout7)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．8)Hisplanissoundedgood．9)Yourcoatneedsbeingwashed．beginssoundstobewashed/washing主动式表被动义Thebooks____well．A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主动式表被动义动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．WefindEnglishhard_______(learn)．Thearticleisdifficult___________(understand).toeattolearntounderstand不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．todotoread不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。1)表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)•Thesteelfeelscold．2)表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)•Theshopopensat6am.everyday．表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义3)表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义。(read,write,set,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,...)•Thepenwritessmoothly．4)作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。•Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed．5)不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。(difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,dangerous,safe,...)•Thefishisnotfittoeat．6)不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义;但若用在therebe结构中，主动、被动均可（口语中常用主动式）。•Ihavealotofhomeworktodo．•Therearemanythingstodo/tobedone．7)betoblame表示“应受批评,责备”，用主动式表被动义。•Theboyistoblameforwhathehasdone．8)不及物动词和一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。•rise,happen,succeed,remain,...•takeplace,breakout,belongto,loseheart,consistof,addupto,...加to/for•在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加to:bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach,etc.•在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加for:buy,build,cook,cut,choose,find,fetch,do,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,sing,etc.含双宾语的主动句变被动句，一般变间接宾语(指人)为主语较多。若把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。Anewshirtwasbought____me．Themagazinewaspassedon____him.Thosebooksweresold____Tomat5dollarseach．Anotherpieceofmusicwasplayed____thepatients．Thecupwithmixturewasshowed____theclass．Agooddinnerhasbeenordered____theguests.fortotofortofor带双宾语的主动句改被动注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。1.Anexhibitionofpaintings____atthemuseumnextweek．A．aretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholdingD．willholdMultiplechoiceB2.I’msorry,sir．Yourrecorderisn’treadyyet．It____inthefactory．A.isbeingrepairedB.isrepairedC.hasbeenrepairedD.hasn’tbeenrepairedA3．Everypossiblemeans____,butnone____successful．A.hastried;hasprovedB．tried;provesC.hasbeentried;provesD.isbeingtried;isprovedC4．Thequestionheaskedishard____．A.foranswerB.toanswerC．tobeansweredD.answeringB5．Inwarmweather,fruitandmeat____long．A.cannotbekeptB.don’tkeepC.mustn’tkeepD.isnotkeptA6．Hereceivedatelegram____:“Motherill”．A．writtenB.readingC.saidD.writingB7.--Didyouhandhimtheletteryesterday?--No,I____tohim．A.broughtitB.tookitC.haditsentD.carrieditC8．Alicehadadress____lastweek．A．madeB.makeC.tobemadeD.tomakeA9．Theteachercouldn’tm