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主谓一致中考语法主谓一致概述主谓一致是指谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近原则。语法一致即主语为单数,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语为复数,谓语动词就用复数形式;意义一致即从含义上去处理主谓一致的关系,如主语形式上是单数,但其代表复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式;就近原则即谓语的单复数形式取决于靠近的主语。考点分布(1)语法一致(2)意义一致(3)就近原则考点梳理考点一语法一致句子的主语是单数形式,谓语动词要用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。如:Chinahasalonghistory.中国有悠久的历史。ManypeoplearestudyingEnglishnow.现在很多人都在学英语。在日常学习中还有注意以下原则:1.当主语部分含有with,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,except,but,like(像)等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词取决于介词前的主语,称为“就远原则”。如:EveryoneexceptTomhasbeentotheGreatWall.除Tom外,每个人都去过长城。Johnwithhisfriendsplaysbasketballeveryweekend.John和朋友每周都打篮球。考点梳理【考点精炼】()1.—Icalledyouat5:00yesterdayafternoon,butnooneanswered.—Sorry,Iwithmyparents_______atthattime.A.wasshoppingB.wereshoppingC.areshoppingD.wentshopping()2.Thechildwithoutparents_______goodcareofbyhisteachersinthisspecialschool.A.istakenB.aretakenC.takeD.takes()3.NobodyexceptTomandMary_____intheClassroom.Theotherstudentsarewatchingthebasketballgameontheplaygroundnow.A.amB.isC.areD.was考点梳理2.动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。如:ListeningtothetapesishelpfultoourEnglishstudy.听磁带有助于英语学习。Whathesaidisnotright.他的话不对。()4.Playingtoomuchcomputergames_______harmfultous.A.areB.isC.hasD.be【考点精炼】考点梳理3.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing,each,every做主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:Lucy,someoneiswaitingforyouatthegate.Lucy,有人在大门口等你。Iseveryonehere?人都到齐了吗?Everyoneofthestudentsisstudyinghard.学生们都在努力学习。()5.—What_______inyourpocket?—Nothing________there.A.is,isB.is,areC.are,areD.are,is【考点精炼】考点梳理4.neitherof,either,each(one),everyone,theother做主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:Neitherofthemisright.他们两个都是错的。TheotherofthetwocomesfromAustralia.他们中的另一个来自澳大利亚。()6.—Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?—________isOK,Idon'tmind.A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.have【考点精炼】考点梳理5.news(新闻),politics(政治),maths(数学),physics(物理)等词,虽然形式上是以s结尾,但表示的意义是单数,谓语动词要用单数形式。相反,people,police等词形式上是单数形式,但表示复数意义,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:Mathsismyfavoritesubject.数学是我最喜欢的学科。考点梳理【演练】()7.—Physics________moredifficultthanChinese,doyouthinkso?—Yes,Ithinkso.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()8.Thenews________veryinteresting!Tellmemore!A.wasB.areC.wereD.is考点梳理6.由and,both…and连接的两个名词做主语,表示两个不同的人或物时,谓语动词用复数。如:Thepainterandthewriterhavecometoourschool.画家和作家都到了我们学校。(指两个人)指同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数。如:Thepainterandwriterhascometoourschool.那个画家兼作家到了我们学校。(指一个人两重身份)()9.Theysaidtheeighthandthelastlessons________quitedifficult.A.isB.wasC.wereD.are【考点精炼】考点梳理7.clothes,trousers,pants,shorts,shoes,gloves等做主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果有量词“akindof,apieceof,apairof”等词修饰时,则依量词的单复数来定。如:Theshoeslooknice.这鞋看上去很漂亮。Thepairofshoesisverynice.这双鞋很漂亮。()10.________thatpairof________alittlecheaper?A.Is;glassB.Are;glassC.Is;glassesD.Are;glasses【考点精炼】考点梳理考点二意义一致原则意义一致即谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是复数意义。如:TheChinesearehard-working.(中国人是勤劳的。)8.表示时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等的词或短语做主语时,表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数。如:Tenyearshaspassedsincewemetlasttime.自从上次见面,又过了十年。10kilometersisalongwaytohim.Heistootired.对他来说十公里太长,他太累了。考点梳理()11.Aquarter_______enoughformetowalktoschool.A.areB.isC.wereD.has()12.Whattheyhavedone______usefultothepeople.A.areB.hasC.isD.were【考点精炼】考点梳理9.the+形容词表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:Theoldarelookedafterwellinthisoldpeople’shouse.老人们在养老院被照顾得很好。Theyoungaren’tallowedtogettheirearspierced.年轻人不应该穿耳孔。10.the+姓的复数形式,表示一家人或者夫妇两个,谓语动词用复数。如:TheGreensaregoingtoGermanynextweek.格林一家打算下周去德国。11.集体名词:family,class,team,group,enemy,police,population等表示整体概念时,谓语动词用单数。表示成员时,谓语动词用复数。如:ClassOneisaverygoodclass.一班是个好班。NowClassOnearehavingabasketballmatch.一班的学生在进行篮球比赛。TheUnitedStateswasfoundedin1776.美国是1776年成立的。考点梳理()13.Thesepoliceoften__________childrencrossthestreet.A.helpB.helpsC.helpingD.ishelping()14.Halfoftheclass________mostofthework.Someofthework______reallydifficult.A.havedone;areB.hasdone;areC.hasdone;isD.havedone;is()15.Thepopulationoftheworld________largerandlarger.A.hadgrownB.willgrowC.isgrowingD.isgrown【考点精炼】考点梳理12.名词性物主代词mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs等作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于该动词后面名词的数,动词后面的名词是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;动词后面名词为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。如:Hisisanewbike.他的是一辆新自行车。Oursareoldbikes.我们的是些旧自行车。考点梳理考点三--就近原则13.neither…nor…,either…or,notonly…butalso,not…but以及therebe连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词跟它靠近的主语一致。如NeitherInorshelikeslisteningtothissong.她和我都不喜欢听这首歌。Thereisaknifeandtwopensinthebox.盒子里有一把刀和两支铅笔。考点梳理()16.There______abookandthreepensonmydeskjustnow,butnowthereisnothingonit.A.hadBwereC.wasD.is()17.NeitherKatenorhercousins_______toAmerica,but_______ofthemhaveknownthecountryverywell.A.havebeen;allBhavegone;bothC.hasbeen;allD.hasgone;all()18.Notonlymyfatherbutalsomygrandpa_____flyingtoSingaporethisweekend.A.areB.isC.wasD.were【考点精炼】考点梳理考点四两个要注意的问题14.thenumberof…“……的数量”做主语时,谓语动词用单数。anumberof…“许多,大量”做主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:Thenumberoftheworkersinthisfactoryisabout500.这家工厂的工人大约500人。Anumberoftheworkersinthisfactoryarewomen.这家工厂的工人很多是女工。考点梳理()19.—What_______thenumberofthestudentsinyourschool?—Abouttwothousand.Anumberofthem_______fromthecountryside.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are()20.Anumberoftourists_______Yangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.A.havebeentoB.hasbeentoC.hasgonetoD.havegoneto【考点精炼】15.分数做主语时,依名词的单复数而定。若所修饰的名词是单数,则谓语动词用单数。如:Threequartersofthewo
本文标题:《中考宝典》2016广东省中考英语复习(语法考点)课件:主谓一致及其考点(共24张PPT)
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