中考英语复习教学案语法专项被动语态

九、被动语态【考纲分析】1.中考考纲:(1)一般现在时;(2)一般过去时;(3)一般将来时2.近5年中考被动语态的考点及分值分布年份题型分值考查内容2012年单项选择1一般现在时2013年单项选择1一般过去时2014年单项选择1一般将来时2015年单项选择1一般现在时2016年单项选择1一般过去时【自主学习】一、找出下列句子哪些是被动语态,并指出是属于那种时态的被动语态。1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.2.Theboywassenthomelastnight.3.Footballisplayedeverywhereintheworld.4.Thestoryhappenedmanyyearsago.5.Computerwillbetaughtinthisschoolnextyear.6.Themusicsoundswonderful.二、把下列句子变成被动语态1.Weplantmanytreeseveryspring.Manytreeseveryspring.2.Robotswilldomanykindsofwork.Manykindsofworkbyrobots.3.Theybuiltanewbridgeovertheriverlastyear.Anewbridgeovertheriverlastyear.4.Tokyowillholdthe32ndOlympicGamesin2020.The32ndOlympicGamesbyTokyoin2020.5.Parentsoftentellthechildrentobecarefulwithfire.Thechildrenoften(tell)tobecarefulwithfire.studentsaskedtheteachertotellastoryjustnow.Theteacher(ask)totellastorybythestudentsjustnow.参考答案一、2.是一般过去时的被动语态3.是一般现在时的被动语态5.是一般将来时的被动语态二、planteddonebuiltbeheld5.aretoldasked【教师点拨】英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语为动作的承受者为被动语态。如：PeoplespeakEnlgishinAustralia.(主动语态)Thehospitalwasbuiltlastyear.(被动语态)考点1：被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词的过去分词时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/is/are＋doneTheclassroomiscleanedbyus.一般过去时was/were＋doneThekitewasmadebyhim.一般将来时will/shallbegoingto＋bedoneThreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.【课堂检测】()alongtheroadlastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted()2.—Iwanttoborrowthebook，butIdon'tknowhowlongitwill.—Fortwoweeks.A.keepB.beborrowedC.bekeptD.borrow()3.FromMay6，pedestrians(行人)10yuaniftheyrunredlights，accordingtoBeijingtrafficauthorities.A.willfineB.werefinedC.arefineD.willbefined()4.ItwasreportedthatnineChinesepeopleinaballooncrash(坠毁)inAustraliaonMarch24,2015.A.werekilledB.arekilledC.willkillD.havekilled()5.—HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog？—Itfoodeveryday，oritwillbehungry.A.isgiveB.willgiveC.isgivenD.willbegave考点2：被动语态的特别用法。(1)不及物动词及连系动词不能用于被动语态。常见词有：happen，takeplace，change,look，sound，feel，smell，taste，become等.如：Thestoryhappenedonacoldnight.Thefoodtasteddelicious.(2)在主动语态中省“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”。常用词有：see，find，hear，watch，make等。如：Isawhimplayfootballontheplaygroundjustnow.→Hewasseentoplayfootballontheplaygroundjustnow.(3)有双宾语的句子变成被动语态有两种情况①间接宾语(人)变成被动语态的主语，直接宾语(物)仍保留在原位。如：Hegavemeapenyesterday.→Iwasgivenapen(byhim)yesterday.②直接宾语(物)变成被动语态的主语，在间接宾语(人)前加介词to或for(make，buy等用for)。如：Hegavemeapenyesterday.→Apenwasgiventome(byhim)yesterday.MymotherboughtmeabooklastSunday.→Abookwasboughtforme(bymymother)lastSunday.(4)动词短语变为被动语态时不能漏掉其中的介词或副词如：Weshouldlistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.→Theteachershouldbelistenedtocarefullyinclass(byus).考点3：常用于被动语态的短语和句型(1)beusedfordoingsth/beusedtodosth被用来做某事Pensareusedforwriting.beusedas被当作……用Englishisusedasasecondlanguageinmanycountries.beusedby被某人使用Thiscarisusedbyhisfather.be/getusedtodoing习惯于做某事MyEnglishteacherisusedtolivinginZhongshan.usedtodo过去常常Tomusedtobeshort，butnowheistall.(2)bemadeof由……制造(看得见原料)Thedeskismadeofwood.bemadefrom由……制造(看不见原料)Thebookismadefromwood.bemadein＋地点在……制造ThedeskismadeinZhuhai.(3)befilledwith＝befullof装满Thebottleisfilledwithmilk.(4)becoveredby/becoveredwith覆盖Becareful.Thedeskiscoveredwithwater.(5)一些表达：It’ssaidthat….（据说）/It’sreportedthat…（据报道）/It’sknownthat….（众所周知）/It’sbelievedthat….（人们相信）/It’ssuggestedthat….(有人建议)【课堂检测】()1.—Thefoodlookedbad，butitOK.—Sowecan'tjudgeamanbyhisappearance.A.istastedB.tastedC.wastastedD.taste()pairofshoeshand，anditverycomfortable.A.ismadewith；isfeltB.aremadefrom；isfeltC.aremadeof；feelsD.ismadeby；feels(2000，Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything.A.ischangedB.waschangedC.hadchangedD.haschanged()4.—DoesshelikesingingEnglishsongs？—Yes.ShetosingEnglishsongsinherroom.A.wasoftenheardB.isoftenheardC.oftenhearsD.heard()5.—Whydoyoucollectsomanyoldbikes？—I'llhavethemandgiveawaytothechildrenwhodon'thavebikes.A.usedupB.givenupC.fixedupDsetup【中考回放】（）1.HeJing______togiveaspeechatthegraduationceremonyatHarvardUniversitylastmonth.(2016广东中考)A.invitesB.invitedC.isinvitedD.wasinvited（）2.—HaveyouheardofthesongLittleApple?(2015广东中考)—Yes.It______everymorningwhenagedpeopledosquaredancingdownstairs.A.isplayedB.playsC.wasplayedD.played（）3.AlthoughFlightMH370hasbeenmissingformonths，Idobelieveitsomedayinthefuture.(2014广东中考)A.willfindB.won'tfindC.willbefoundD.won'tbefound（）4.Itlastweekthatthehaze(雾霾)inBeijingcausedmanyproblems.(2013广东中考)A.reportsB.reportedC.isreportedD.wasreported（）5.Hotwaterinthestudents'flatsfrom5pmto7pmnow.(2012广东中考)A.suppliesB.issuppliedC.suppliedD.wassupplied【真题演练】()1.Anewroad___nearmyschoolnextyear.(2016北京)A.buildsB.willbuildC.isbuiltD.willbebuilt()2..Everyoneinourclass______totakepartintheEnglishSpeechContest.(2016烟台)A.areencouragingB.encouragesC.isencouragedD.areencouraged()3..—WhathappenedtoBilly?—He___________becauseofhisdrunk-driving.(2016郴州)A.iscaughtB.hascaughtC.wascaughtD.caught().4Wearegoingtotakethehigh-speedtraintoXi'antomorrow,soanearlyarrivalatthestation____________.（2016河南）A.advisesB.isadvisedC.isadvisingD.wasadvised()5.AChristmasCarolisafamousshortnovelwhich______byCharlesDickens.(2016龙东)A.writtenB.waswrittenC.wroteD.waswrote()6.—AuntLi,whoistheprettygirlinredinthepicture?—It’smydaughter.Thepicture________10