美国总统演讲稿下

ÂÞ˹¸£µÚÒ»ÈÎ×Üͳ¾ÍÖ°ÑÝ¡¡SATURDAY,MARCH4,1933¡¡¡¡IamcertainthatmyfellowAmericansexpectthatonmyinductionintothePresidencyIwilladdressthemwithacandorandadecisionwhichthepresentsituationofourNationimpels.Thisispreeminentlythetimetospeakthetruth,thewholetruth,franklyandboldly.Norneedweshrinkfromhonestlyfacingconditionsinourcountrytoday.ThisgreatNationwillendureasithasendured,willreviveandwillprosper.So,firstofall,letmeassertmyfirmbeliefthattheonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself¡ª¡ªnameless,unreasoning,unjustifiedterrorwhichparalyzesneededeffortstoconvertretreatintoadvance.Ineverydarkhourofournationallifealeadershipoffranknessandvigorhasmetwiththatunderstandingandsupportofthepeoplethemselveswhichisessentialtovictory.Iamconvincedthatyouwillagaingivethatsupporttoleadershipinthesecriticaldays.¡¡¡¡Insuchaspiritonmypartandonyourswefaceourcommondifficulties.Theyconcern,thankGod,onlymaterialthings.Valueshaveshrunkentofantasticlevels;taxeshaverisen;ourabilitytopayhasfallen;governmentofallkindsisfacedbyseriouscurtailmentofincome;themeansofexchangearefrozeninthecurrentsoftrade;thewitheredleavesofindustrialenterpriselieoneveryside;farmersfindnomarketsfortheirproduce;thesavingsofmanyyearsinthousandsoffamiliesaregone.¡¡¡¡Moreimportant,ahostofunemployedcitizensfacethegrimproblemofexistence,andanequallygreatnumbertoilwithlittlereturn.Onlyafoolishoptimistcandenythedarkrealitiesofthemoment.¡¡¡¡Yetourdistresscomesfromnofailureofsubstance.Wearestrickenbynoplagueoflocusts.Comparedwiththeperilswhichourforefathersconqueredbecausetheybelievedandwerenotafraid,wehavestillmuchtobethankfulfor.Naturestilloffersherbountyandhumaneffortshavemultipliedit.Plentyisatourdoorstep,butageneroususeofitlanguishesintheverysightofthesupply.Primarilythisisbecausetherulersoftheexchangeofmankind'sgoodshavefailed,throughtheirownstubbornnessandtheirownincompetence,haveadmittedtheirfailure,andabdicated.Practicesoftheunscrupulousmoneychangersstandindictedinthecourtofpublicopinion,rejectedbytheheartsandmindsofmen.¡¡¡¡Truetheyhavetried,buttheireffortshavebeencastinthepatternofanoutworntradition.Facedbyfailureofcredittheyhaveproposedonlythelendingofmoremoney.Strippedofthelureofprofitbywhichtoinduceourpeopletofollowtheirfalseleadership,theyhaveresortedtoexhortations,pleadingtearfullyforrestoredconfidence.Theyknowonlytherulesofagenerationofself-seekers.Theyhavenovision,andwhenthereisnovisionthepeopleperish.¡¡¡¡Themoneychangershavefledfromtheirhighseatsinthetempleofourcivilization.Wemaynowrestorethattempletotheancienttruths.Themeasureoftherestorationliesintheextenttowhichweapplysocialvaluesmorenoblethanmeremonetaryprofit.¡¡¡¡Happinessliesnotinthemerepossessionofmoney;itliesinthejoyofachievement,inthethrillofcreativeeffort.Thejoyandmoralstimulationofworknolongermustbeforgotteninthemadchaseofevanescentprofits.Thesedarkdayswillbeworthalltheycostusiftheyteachusthatourtruedestinyisnottobeministereduntobuttoministertoourselvesandtoourfellowmen.¡¡¡¡Recognitionofthefalsityofmaterialwealthasthestandardofsuccessgoeshandinhandwiththeabandonmentofthefalsebeliefthatpublicofficeandhighpoliticalpositionaretobevaluedonlybythestandardsofprideofplaceandpersonalprofit;andtheremustbeanendtoaconductinbankingandinbusinesswhichtoooftenhasgiventoasacredtrustthelikenessofcallousandselfishwrongdoing.Smallwonderthatconfidencelanguishes,foritthrivesonlyonhonesty,onhonor,onthesacrednessofobligations,onfaithfulprotection,onunselfishperformance;withoutthemitcannotlive.¡¡¡¡Restorationcalls,however,notforchangesinethicsalone.ThisNationasksforaction,andactionnow.¡¡¡¡Ourgreatestprimarytaskistoputpeopletowork.Thisisnounsolvableproblemifwefaceitwiselyandcourageously.ItcanbeaccomplishedinpartbydirectrecruitingbytheGovernmentitself,treatingthetaskaswewouldtreattheemergencyofawar,butatthesametime,throughthisemployment,accomplishinggreatlyneededprojectstostimulateandreorganizetheuseofournaturalresources.¡¡¡¡Handinhandwiththiswemustfranklyrecognizetheoverbalanceofpopulationinourindustrialcentersand,byengagingonanationalscaleinaredistribution,endeavortoprovideabetteruseofthelandforthosebestfittedfortheland.Thetaskcanbehelpedbydefiniteeffortstoraisethevaluesofagriculturalproductsandwiththisthepowertopurchasetheoutputofourcities.Itcanbehelpedbypreventingrealisticallythetragedyofthegrowinglossthroughforeclosureofoursmallhomesandourfarms.ItcanbehelpedbyinsistencethattheFederal,State,andlocalgovernmentsactforthwithonthedemandthattheircostbedrasticallyreduced.Itcanbehelpedbytheunifyingofreliefactivitieswhichtodayareoftenscattered,uneconomical,andunequal.Itcanbehelpedbynationalplanningforandsupervisionofallformsoftransportationandofcommunicationsandotherutilitieswhichhaveadefinitelypubliccharacter.Therearemanywaysinwhichitcanbehelped,butitcanneverbehelpedmerelybytalkingaboutit.Wemustactandactquickly.¡¡¡¡Finally,inourprogresstowardaresumptionofworkwerequiretwosafeguardsagainstareturnoftheevilsoftheoldorder;theremustbeastrictsupervisionofallbankingandcreditsandinvestments;theremustbeanendtospeculationwithotherpeople'smo