2014年高中英语会考复习--动词

2014年高中英语会考复习--动词考点1.动词的单复数2.动词的一般过去时的变化规则4.延续性动词与非延续性动词及转换3.动词的八大时态及它们的主动与被动语态的结构/用法1.动词的单复数在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es第三人称单数1)人称代词he,she,iteg:HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视2)单个人名、地名或称呼作主语egBeijingisinChina.北京在中国。3)单数可数名词或this/that/the+单数可数名词作主语①Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。②Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。4)不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语eg.Thisisapen.这是一支钢笔。5)不可数名词作主语egThemilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。6)当数字或字母作主语6isaluckynumber.6是个吉利数字。1.一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：workedplayedwantedacted2.以不发音的-e结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：livedmoveddecideddeclinedhopedjudgedraisedwiped3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i再加-ed，如：studiedtriedcopiedjustifiedcriedcarriedembodiedemptied4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stoppedbeggedfretteddraggeddroppedplanneddotteddripped2.一般过去时的变化规则：*注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。go-wentmake-madeget-gotbuy-boughtcome-camefly-flew主动态被动态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时时..\八大时态.ppt态语态以do为例(do/does---did---done)do/doesam/is/are+donedidwas/were+doneshall/willdoshall/will+bedoneam/is/aredoingam/is/are+beingdonewas/weredoingwas/were+beingdonehas/havedonehas/have+beendonehaddonehad+beendone3.时态过去将来时Should(would)+doShould(would)+bedone1)wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell,drive…Thebooksellswell.这本书销路好。Thisknifecutseasily.这刀子很好用。2)在need,require,want,worth(形容词),bear(容忍)后的动名词必须用主动形式。Thedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.Thisroomneedscleaning.这房间应该打扫一下。Thisbookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。3.2.主动形式表示被动意义动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for2years;since从句,sincehecamehere;since+时间点名词,sincelastyear,since5daysago;howlong;foralongtime等。4.延续性动词与非延续性动词例:1)Hehaslivedherefor6years.2)Youcankeepthebookfor5days.3)Istayedtherefor2weekslastyear.4)Howlongdidyoustaytherelastyear?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：twoyearsago;at5o'clock;例:Hedied5yearsago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:Ihaven'tleftherefor3years.Ihaven'theardfromhimfor3weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,fallill---beill,getup---beup,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,leave---beaway,go(get)out→beout，puton→wear；catchacold→haveacoldgettoknow---know,borrow---keepbuy---have,opensth---keepsthopen,catchacold---haveacold,等。例:Theoldmandied4yearsago.----Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.Bye-bye!