中考英语语法专项1：名词课件(共46张PPT)

专题一名词第一部分中考英语语法专题名词的种类专有名词:每个单词的首字母大写。普通名词可数名词不可数名词个体名词：nurse,house,horse,apple,pen集体名词：people,family,class,team,police物质名词：milk，glass,water,paper,sand.抽象名词：danger,peace,interest,love.flowerflowers找规律,总结规则watchesfactory-factoriesleaf--leavesboxes★一、可数名词的复数形式1.规则变化(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”,读作/s/or/z/*dog–dogs*book–books(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”，读作/iz/*box–boxes*watch–watches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”，读作/iz/*country–countries*factory–factories请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boy–boysholiday-holidays*monkey–monkeys(4)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”，读作/vz/*half–halves*shelf–shelves*knife–knives*leaf–leavesthiefwifelifeselfwolf找规律tomatoespotatoesheroes英雄(黑人)想吃马铃薯和西红柿pianos(5)以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero,Negro四个词加-es,读作/z/*piano–pianos*zoo–zoospotato–potatoestomato–tomatoeschild--childrenwoman--womensheepman--men2.不规则变化(1)单复数同形Chinese,fish,Japanese,sheepdeer,(yuan，jiao,fen.）(2)变元音字母oo为eetooth–teethfoot–feet（goose-geese）(3).变man为menman–menwoman–womenpoliceman–policemenFrenchman–Frenchmen请区别：German(德国人)–Germans某国人的变化规则：(中日不变英法变，其余s加后面)(4).其他child-childrenmouse-mice(louse-lice)3.可数名词可以被a,an,one,two以及howmany，many，afew，few，some,any，lotsof,alotof，anumberof,acoupleof,plentyof,agroupof等修饰*Thereareafewpeopleinthepark.*Howmanyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?考点1专练（）1.Lucycan’twalkanymore.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithher.A.legB.handC.legsD.hands（）2.Canyougetonthewithtwobig?A.bus;boxB.buses;boxC.bus;boxesD.buses;boxes（）3.Can’tyouseetherearethree____inhis______?A.baby;familyB.babies;familyC.babies;familiesD.baby;familiesCCB（）4.Whenwegottohisroom,wefoundthree,twoandtwoinit.A.tomatoes;radio;photosB.tomato;radios;photosC.tomato;radio;photosD.tomatoes;radios;photos（）5.Hehasfour.Allofthemcanbrushtheirbythemselves.A.children;toothB.children;teethC.child;teethD.child;toothDB（）6.Herecomethree.Oneofthemismymathteacher,Mr.Hu.A.manteacherB.womanteacherC.menteachersD.womenteachers（）7.Nearourschooltherearethree.Youcanbuysomeanimaltoysforyourchildren.A.toyfactoryB.toyfactoriesC.paperfactoryD.paperfactories（）8.Agroupofaretalkingwithtwo.A.Frenchmen;GermansB.German;FrenchmenC.Frenchman;GermanD.Germans;FrenchmanCBA（）9.Someareteachingthehowtorunthemachine.A.Chinese;JapaneseB.German;JapaneseC.Canadian;ChineseD.American;Chinese（）10.Therearemanyonthefarm.Wecangetwoolfromthemeveryyear.A.dogsB.deerC.cowsD.sheep（）11.Therearetwoandfiveinthezoo.A.sheep;deerB.sheep;giraffeC.bear;deerD.monkey;tigersADA（）12.Therearethreeinmyfamily—myparentsandI.A.peopleB.personC.pupilD.pupils（）13.Yoursmellterrible.You’dbetterwashthematonce.A.trouserB.glassesC.socksD.shortAC★二、不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。中考常见的不可数名词：weatheradviceworkraininformationhomeworknewstroublemedicinemusicfuntimeknowledge1.不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数*Somebreadisoverthere.*Nonewsisgoodnews.2.不可数名词不能直接被a,an,one,two等修饰，常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,some,any等修饰*Theyhadmuchmoney.*Hedoeslittlehouseworkathome.*arice(X)twobread(X)3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变*abagofapples*apieceofpaper*threeglassesoforange4.当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。Thispairofshoesisnice.比较：Theshoesarenice.Herearetwopiecesofnews.比较：Thenewsiswonderful.（）1.Iwanttowritealettertomyfather.Ineed.A.abookB.anumbrellaC.somepiecesofpaperD.somepiecesofbread（）2.—It’stoohotnow.Wouldyoulike?—Yes,please.It’sverykindofyou.I’mreallythirsty,now.A.ahamburgerB.acupofteaC.somedumplingsD.apieceofbread（）3.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywork.Couldyoupleasegivemesomegood?A.ideaB.adviceC.suggestD.suggestionCBB（）4.Asktheboynottomakeany.Ican’tfallasleep.A.voiceB.soundC.noiseD.singing（）5.Abagofmilkfiveyuan.Twobagsofmilk9yuan.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;areCA★三、名词所有格1．有生命的名词用‘s所有格。(1)单数名词加's和，如：Mary'sbook(2)以s结尾的复数名词只加'，不以s结尾的复数名词要加's，如：thethreegirls'fatherthechildren'spresents(3)表示几个人共有，仅在最后一个人的名字后加's，表示各自所有时，需在各个名字后加's，如：MaryandJane'scar(她俩人共有的车)Mary'sandJane'scars(她俩各自的车)(4)表示店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地点时，名词所有格后面的名词习惯上省略。如：thebarber's＝thebarber'sshop理发店tomyaunt's＝tomyaunt'shouse到我姑姑家(5)有些指时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城镇等无生命的名词，也可以加's构成所有格。如：aweek'stime一周的时间China'spopulation中国的人口2．表示无生命的东西的所有格形式：名词＋of＋所有者，如：thenameofthezoo动物园的名字thefrontwalloftheclassroom教室的前墙3．双重所有格：即of＋'s或of＋名词性物主代词，如：abookofmydaughter's我女儿的一本书Thefriendofhisisverykind.他的朋友非常友好。（）1.Thereadingroomisnexttotheclassroom.It’sonlywalk.A.student’s;2minutesB.students’;30minutes’C.student’s;2minutes’D.students’;3minutes’（）2.Whereare?A.theteachers’roomsB.theteacher’sroomsC.theteacher’sroomD.theroomoftheteacher（）3.InHarbinDaily,there’sanarticlewrittenbyuncle.A.today;TomB.today’s;Toms’C.today’s;Tom’sD.today;Tom’sDAC（）4.Thetwoschoolbagsintheclassroomare.A.JimandDickB.Jim’sandDick’sC.Jim’sandDickD.JimandDick’s（）5.Thegirloverthereissister.A.Lily’sandLucy’sB.Lily’sandLucyC.LilyandLucy’sD.LilyandLucy（）6.Let’smeetatat9am,OK?A.LinTao’sB.theLinTao’sC.theLinTao’shouseD.theLinTaoBCA（）7.MissGreenoftengoestotochangethemedicineonherleg.A.thedoctor’sB.theshop’sC.thedoctorD.theshop（）8.Whatdidyoulearnfrom?A.thestory’sbookB.thebookofthestoryC.thebook’sstoryD.thestoryofthebook（）9.Mr.Blackisafriendof.Myfatheroftengoestoseehi