Ancient-Chinese-Gardens

AncientChineseGardens沈存、伊若辰、马倩倩、周珍珍、PlantsTwoculturalphilosophiesRocksandpoolsContentsArchitecturePart01TwoculturalphilosophiesKeywordsduality[dju(:)'æliti][n]两重性concept['kɔnsept][n]概念、思想TheChineseculturehasoneoftheoldestcontinuoustraditionsofgardendesign.InChina,twoculturalphilosophiesproduceadualityofdesignconcepts.中国文化包括远古以来一直延续的园林设计传统的一种，在中国，两种文化哲学产生设计理念的二元性。duality02040301TwoculturalphilosophiesKeywordsConfucian[kәn‘fju:ʃ(ә)n]adj.儒学的typify['tipifai][vt.]代表、象征artifact['ɑ:tifækt][n]概念、思想TheConfucianapproachtoaregulatedsocietyledtothestraightlinesandrectanglestypifyartifactsthatconcernpeople’srelationshiptoanother.儒家思想导致了中国建筑、城市严格的几何形状，以直线和矩形为代表的造型反映了人与人之间的关系。TheConfucianartifact02040301TwoculturalphilosophiesKeywordsTaoist[‘tɑ:әuist]adj.道家的n.道家，道教徒mediation[mi:di'ei∫әn][n.]仲裁,调停,调解essence['esns][n]精髓，要素TheTaoistprincipleofharmonywithnature,incontrast,governedgardendesign.Itwasleftthatthroughmediationontheunityofcreation,realorderandharmonywouldberevealed.道家认为通过天地万物和谐的冥思，就能达到真正的有序与协调Chinesegardenssoughttodisplayinsymbolicformtheessenceofhisharmony.道家天人合一的思想影响着园林设计。TheTaoistartifact02040301TwoculturalphilosophiesPart02DateAnalysisForcenturies,theuseofrocksandpoolshasbecomeadesigndeviceofgreatsignificant.几个世纪以来，山石与水池的使用已成为一种重要的设计工具。waterandspringsADDTHEKEYWORDSABOUTAncientChinesegardensmountainsandrockslandscapeThemountainistheskeleton(骨架)intheprocessoflandscapegardening.Symbol:virtue(美德),stability（稳固）andendurance（忍耐）ABOUTMountainsmountainsandrocksABOUTStonestheyarerichinspecies,suchastherockery,Huangstone，Lingbistoneandsoon..judgedbyitsform(性质),substance(质地),color(色彩),andtexture(纹理),aswellasbyitssoftness（柔软度）,transparency（透明度）,andotherfactors.shanghai玉玲珑Addyourtitlesuzhou瑞云峰ACDBABOUTIsolatedStoneshangzhou绉云峰suzhou冠云峰扬州个园苏州环秀山庄苏州狮子林北京静心斋ACDBABOUTStackingStonesABOUTSummaryInthegardens,weoftenconveytheRomanticcharm(神韵)throughtheshapeofthemountains.Howeverthebeautyoftherocksandmountainsisnotonlyformintheoutside,alsogatherontheinside.园林中常以小山之形传大山之神，山石之美既形于外，也聚于内。ABOUTWaterisanotherfactoroftheancientChinesegardens,ithasimportantsymbolicsignificance（象征意义）whichrepresentstheinfinity(无限)ofspace.Itsflowgiveothersawarmfeeling,andformedastrongcontrastwithsolidrocks.水体有重要的象征意义，代表空间的无限。它的流动给人以亲切感，与岩石形成了强烈的对比。WatersTheyreflectwitheachotherassmoothasamirrorMakeusrelax.Lakes(湖)ABOUTThestillwater(静水)Pounds（池）Deeppools（潭）Theygivepeopleafeelingoflively、energeticandunconstrained（不受约束的）.Cheerusuptofightforlife.springs(泉)ABOUTThedynamicwater(动水)streams（溪）watersfalls（瀑布）Part03PlantsFlowersandtreesChinaclassicalgardenhasaccumulatedrichexperienceinplantconfiguration.plantconfigurationisalsopursuingalearningfromnature,likenatureitself--highestquality,itsmainfeaturesare:遵循“因地制宜”的原则Followingtheprincipleofbecausetobuyappropriate反映季节的变化Reflectthechangesoftheseasons“贵精不在多”Yourfinenotmoreflowersandtrees,plantaloneorthree,fivestrainsofvegetationmainly根据建筑与山石环境的特点配置植物Accordingtothecharacteristicsofconfigurationofplantarchitectureandrockeryintheenvironment03Plants040102Atypicalgardenwouldincludethefloweringplumtrees,whichwasmuchlovedandofenwrittenabout.Itsfloweringsignaledtheendofwinter.theplumblossom---梅花Banboobecauseitissturdyyetelegant,suggestedstrength,anditsevergreenqualityresilience.bamboo---竹Pinetreecombinedwithrocksindesignrepresentedsilenceandsolitude.pine---松Thethreefriendsofwinter03Plants040102chrysant--hemum菊花Treepeony牡丹Lotus荷花03Plants040102Thechrysanthemum,oneoftheearliest-cultivatedflowers,symbolizedlongevityduetoitsautumnandwinterblooming.Thetreepeonywasthoughtofasthe“kingoftheflowers”becauseofits’perfectformandsize.Almosteverylakeinchinesegardencontainedlotusblossoms.Itisrepresentedtheideasofperfection,purityandintegrity.Part04ArchitecturesinclassicalChinesegardens030201Architecture,alongwithwater,rocks，flowersandtrees,arethefourthessentialelement（['elɪm(ə)nt]，n.元素；要素；）oftheChinesegarden.Morespecificly,wecandividethearchitecturesinclassicalChinesegardensintomanytypes,suchas：ArchitecturesinclassicalchinesegardensGallery（廊）Bridge（桥）WindowandDoor（门窗）04ArchitecturesHall（厅）Pavilion（亭）03020104ArchitecturesKeywords：receptionbanquetcelebrationHall（厅）banquet['bæŋkwɪt]n.宴会，盛宴；03020104ArchitecturesTheHalloftheRetreat&ReflectionGarden（退思园）Hall（厅）03020104ArchitecturesPavilion(亭、阁)1.StoriedPavilions：storebookswatchthesights2.Smallerpavilions：restshelter['ʃeltə]n.庇护；避难所；03020104ArchitecturesApavilioninKeyuanGarden（可园）Apavilionwithafan-shapedviewingwindowinthepond（荷花池）oftheHumbleAdministrator'sGarden(拙政园)PavilionforviewingtherockgardenatthePrinceGongMansion（恭王府）inBeijingPavilion03020104ArchitecturesKeywords:linkpartitionsceneGallery（廊）partition[pɑː'tɪʃ(ə)n]划分，分开；隔墙；03020104ArchitecturesYuyuanGardeninShanghai(1559)Longgalleryforviewingthelotuspond（荷花池）atthePrinceGongMansion（恭王府）inBeijingGallery（廊）03020104ArchitecturesKeywords:transportationadornment（装饰）Bridge（桥）03020104ArchitecturesTheFlyingRainbowBridge（彩虹桥）intheHumbleAdministrator'sGarden（拙政园）.Bridge（桥）03020104ArchitecturesTheyareimportantarchitecturalfeatures（['fiːtʃə]n.特色，特征；）oftheChineseg