超声除藻的参数优化及其在太湖除藻中的应用

第39卷第2期2009年3月东南大学学报(自然科学版)JOURNALOFSOUTHEASTUNIVERSITY(NaturalScienceEdition)Vol39No2Mar.2009丁暘浦跃朴尹立红邱潇潇李云晖吴巍(,210009):设计制备了一种低频超声除藻装置,通过调节超声频率功率和辐射时间等不同的参数,得到优化的超声参数组合,并将该技术应用于太湖除藻的现场研究.结果表明:当超声参数组合为频率20kHz,功率40W,辐射时间15s时,具有较好的实验除藻效果.在太湖现场实验中,载有超声除藻装置的实验船在400m2实验区域作用1h后,水表层的藻细胞由107个/mL降低到105个/mL,透明度由0cm上升为35cm,叶绿素a含量降低为初始浓度的3.3%,水质得到明显改善.这说明超声处理对藻类生长有显著的抑制作用,尤其适于水华发生期间的应急处理.:超声;水华;除藻;现场实验:X172:A:1001-0505(2009)02-0354-05ParametersoptimizationofultrasoundalgaeremovaltechnologyandbloomremovalstudyinTaihuLakeDingYangPuYuepuYinLihongQiuXiaoxiaoLiYunhuiWuWei(SchoolofPublicHealth,SoutheastUniversity,Nanjing210009,China)Abstract:Akindofalgaeremovalequipmentwithlowfrequencyultrasoundwasdesigned.Thea-lgaeremovaleffectsofultrasoundtechnologywithdifferentparameterscombinationoffrequency,powerandtreatmenttimewereexperimentallyverified.TheequipmentwithoptimalparameterswasappliedinTaihuLakewithanareaof400m2.Theresultsshowthatalgaeareremovedsignificantlybyultrasonicirradiationwithoptimalparametersatthefrequencyof20kHz,theinputpowerof40Wandtheexposuretimeof15s.InthefieldstudyofTaihulake,afteronehourultrasoundtrea-tmen,tthealgaedensitydroppedrapidlyfrom107cells/mLto105cells/mL.Besides,thewaterd-iaphaneitywasraisedfrom0cmto35cmandtheconcentrationofChlorophyllaremained3.3%oftheinitialvalue.Itcanbeconcludedthattheultrasonictechnologyiseffectiveinalgaeremova,les-peciallyintheperiodofbloomoutbreak.Keywords:ultrasound;waterbloom;algaeremova;lfieldstudy:2008-10-16.:(1978),,;(),,,,[e-mail].:(BK2006107)(Y2006025)(20060286010)(BS2007112).:,,,.[J].:,2009,39(2):354-358.,,[1].[2-3],[4].,[5][6-7]().,,.[8-9].[10],,,,.111(FACHB-915).BG11(pH=70),1.:(282),1500~2000lx,12h12h.1BG11(pH=70)/(mgL-1)(NaNO3)1500(K2HPO4)40(MgSO47H2O)75(CaCl22H2O)36()6()6(Na2-EDTA)1(Na2CO3)20(H3BO)286(MnCl24H2O)181(ZnSO47H2O)022(Na2MoO42H2O)039(CuSO45H2O)008(Co(NO3)26H2O)00512(12).(),.12(),20kHz,0~200W.13.7,10,15,20,25,30,35,40W.3.200mL3106/mL,0,5,10,15,30,60,300,600s,,,.:N=BA100%,N;A(/mL);B(/mL).1.4141实验对象及场地选择4400m2.400m2,4000m2.3m,15m.,;,.,,.14d,24~37,30,,.142船载超声除藻装置1)10,;40W,10400W.1m10,01m.2),3m,15m,.,,.05,t05m.,.,3.355第2期丁暘,等:超声除藻的参数优化及其在太湖除藻中的应用3143现场实验具体操作及相关检测指标,400m21h,15s.0,1,24h7,14d,,.a.,[11],a[12].2212.(5s)45%,40W,47%.15s50%~60%.,0~15s,.,.2%/W/s0510153060300600010001000100010001000100010001000101000597583577561558543538151000583576572563553530523201000566548546531535517511251000563559543546539511490301000558544557536527494465351000545525524510505470433401000534507512504500458417,40W15s.,,40W,15s.2214d.a.221藻细胞密度变化,,,.,.,.1h,107/mL105/mL.,104~105/mL(3).3/mL/h027107301071771052210724341055810716851104921073368810453107107/mL.422.2透明度变化,,,,,.[12].,(4),1d,0cm75cm,.,,2~14d,,356东南大学学报(自然科学版)第39卷75cm133cm.14d,,0cm(5).5336h223叶绿素a的质量浓度变化a[13].1h,a4535mg/L0154mg/L,1d0060mg/L,(6).a,,.6a3,,,[14].,.,1h,.400m210kWh/d,,.:,300~700nm,60~110nm,[15],.20kHz()()10-1W/cm2[16].,,,,,[17].,,,..(References)[1]HavensKarlE,JamesRThomas,EastTheresL,eta.lNPratios,lightlimitation,andcyanobacterialdom-inanceinasubtropicallakeimpactedbynon-pointsourcenutrientpollution[J].EnvironmentalPollution,2003,122(3):379-390.[2]SellnerKevinG,DoucetteGregoryJ,KirkpatrickGaryJ.Harmfulalgalblooms:causes,impactsanddetection[J].MicrobiolBiotechnol,2003,30(7):383-406.[3]JacquetStphan,BriandJean-Francois,LeboulangerChristophe,eta.lTheproliferationofthetoxiccya-nobacteriumPlanktothrixrubescensfollowingrestorationofthelargestnaturalFrenchlake(LacduBourget)[J].HarmfulAlgae,2005,4(4):651-672.[4].2006[M].:,2007.[5],.[J].,1999,17(4):75-78.ZhouLin,HuangWenqing.Experimentoninhibitionofbluegreenalgaeinlakesbyalgicide[J].EnvironmentalEngineering,1999,17(4):75-78.(inChinese)[6],,,.[J].:,2005,35(4):602-606.ZhaoChuanpeng,PuYuepu,YinLinhong,eta.lIsola-tionandalyticmicrocystisbacteriumfromTaihuLake.[J].JournalofSoutheastUniversity:NaturalScienceEdition,2005,35(4):602-606.(inChinese)[7],,,.[J].:,2006,36(2):293-297.GuoJ,iPuYuepu,YinLinhong,eta.lIsolationande-valuationofalgicidalbacteriafromTaihuLake.[J].JournalofSoutheastUniversity:NaturalScienceEdi-tion,2006,36(2):293-297.(inChinese)[8]ShiH,QuJ,LiuH,eta.lEffectofultrasoundirradia-357第2期丁暘,等:超声除藻的参数优化及其在太湖除藻中的应用tiononthecoagulationandinactivationofMicrocystis[J].WaterSupplyResearchandTechnology-Aqua,2008,57(2):101-108.[9],,.[J].,2005,6(4):47-49.WangBo,ZhangGuangming,WangHu.iRemovalofMicrocystisaeruginosabyultrasound[J].TechniqueandEquipmentforEnvironmentalPollutionControl,2005,6(4):47-49.(inChinese)[10].[D].:,2007.[11],,.[M].:,1997.[12].SL881994()[S].:,1994.[13],,,.[M].:,2006.[14],,.[J].,2006,22(5):25-48.ZhengJianjun,ZhongChenghua,DengChunguang.Discussionondefinitionofalgalbloom[J].WaterRe-sourcesProcetion,2006,22(5):25-48.(inChinese)[15]MadiganMT,MartinkoJM,ParkerJ.Brockbiologyofmicroorganisms[M].NewYork:PrenticeHallInc,1997.[16].:[M].:,1993.[17],,,.[J].,2008(1):3-4.QiuXiaoxiao,ZhaiQ,iWuXiaoge,eta.lCompara-tivestudyofinhibitionofultrasonicradiationonMicro-cystisaeruginosaunderdifferenttreatmenttime[J].ScienceandTechnologyInnovationHerald,2008(1):3-4.(inChin