化学沉淀法去除焦化废水中的氨氮刘小澜

1,1,1,1,2(1.,410082;2.,410007)[]MgCl2·6H2ONa2HPO4·12H2O(MgHPO4·3H2O)NH+4,。。pH8.5～9.5,Mg2+∶NH+4∶PO3-4()1.4∶1∶0.8,99%,2000mg/L15mg/L。[];;;[]X784　　[]A　　[]1006-1878(2004)01-0046-04　　、、、,。,,[1]。,12kt[1]。,,[2～7]。,,99%。,,。。[]2003-01-19;[]2003-03-03[](1979—),,,2001,。ScreeningHighlyEfficientPetroleum-degradingBacteriaandTheirApplicationinAdvancedTreatmentofOilFieldWastewaterLiangShengkang1,WangXiulin1,WangWeidong2,LiXiming2(1.CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,OceanUniversityofChina,ShandongQingdao266003,China;2.OilProductionResearchInstitute,ShengliOilfield,ShandongDongying257000,China)Abstract:Twelvestrainsofpetroleum-degradingbacteriawereenrichedandisolatedfrompetroleumcontaminatedwaterandsoilsamples.Thedegradationefficiencyofonesinglestrainisfrom40.3%to57.6%.ThestrainsO-8-3,O-28-2andO-46fromthetwelvestrainscansurviveatemperatureashighas40℃andasalinityof1.5%.ThethreestrainsareidentifiedasPseudomonassp.,Bacillussp.andAcinetobactersp.ComparedwiththesinglestrainO-8-3,themixedstrainsofO-8-3,O-28-2andO-46canincreasethepetroleumdegradationrateby20.1%,andpermittheinitialpetroleumconcentrationtoincreasefrom2000mg/Lto5000mg/L.InlaboratorytreatmentofShengliOilfieldwastewater,96.9%ofoilcontaminantsweredegradedbythemixedstrainsin72h,increasing60.7%incomparisonwiththatbyindigenousbacterialconsortia.Keywords:petroleum;degradingbacteria;screening;biologicaldegradation;oilfieldwastewater;advancedtreat-ment·46·　　　　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONOFCHEMICALINDUSTRY　　　　　2004241　1　试验部分1.1　,1。1.2　　　,,。:　　　Mg2++NH+4+HPO42-+6H2OMgNH4PO4·6H2O+H+　　,,MgNH4PO4·6H2O,。,、、、,1.7,25℃2.5×10-13,[8]。、、,,[9]。1　ρ()/(mg·L-1)ρ(SS)/(mg·L-1)ρ()/(mg·L-1)ρ()/(mg·L-1)ρ()/(mg·L-1)COD/(mg·L-1)pH200060～9040～60800～150025～4050119.5　　:ρ,。1.3　、　　200mL,pH。MgCl2·6H2ONa2HPO4·12H2O(MgHPO4·3H2O)。,10mol/LNaOHpH,20min。,,、、,。[10]。2　结果与讨论2.1　,,Mg2+∶NH+4∶PO43-(,)1∶1∶1。,,mg/L,。,,,。Mg2+∶NH+41.4∶1,pH9.0,,,1。　　1,0.80.9,96.25%99.25%(75mg/L15mg/L)、9.2mg/L19.8mg/L。PO43-∶NH+40.8∶1,pH9.5,,,2。1　———;◇———2　、Mg2+∶NH+4∶PO43-ρ()/(mg·L-1)ρ()/(mg·L-1)1.0∶1∶0.83701.001.2∶1∶0.81650.681.4∶1∶0.8750.72　　2:,,,。1.4,100mg/L。2.2　pH,pH9.56.0,750mg/L,Mg2+∶NH+4∶PO43-1.4∶1∶0.8,10mol/LNaOHpH,,2。·47·1　　　　　　　　　　　　　.　　　　　　　　　　　2　pH———;◇———　　2,pH9.0,99%(15mg/L),5mg/L。2.3　———,MgHPO4·3H2O,,。MgHPO4·3H2O,Mg2+∶NH+4∶PO3-41∶1∶1,pH9.5,,340mg/L、600mg/L。,,MgHPO4·3H2O,。(pH3.5)MgHPO4·3H2O,pH,95%,10mg/L。MgHPO4·3H2O(3000～4000/t),,,。MgCl2·6H2ONa2HPO4·12H2O。3　结论a),,,,,,。　　b),Mg2+∶NH+4∶PO43-()1.4∶1∶0.8,pH9.0,99%,2000mg/L15mg/L。c),,,。1　..().:,1998.1122　OlcayTǜnayIsikKabdasli,DerinOrhon,SaadettinKolcak.AmmoniaRemovalbyMagnesiumAmmoniumPhosphatePrecipitationinIndustrialWastewaters.WatSciTech,1997,36(2-3):225～2283　SiegristH.NitrogenRemovalfromDigesterSupernatant-ComparisonofChemicalandBiologicalMethods.WatSciTech,1996,34(1-2):399～4064　BattistoniP,FavaG,PavanP,etal.PhosphateRemovalinAnaerobicLiquorsbyStruviteCrystallizationwithoutAddi-tionofChemicalsPreliminaryResults.WaterRes,1997,31(11):2925～29295　ShinⅡS,LeeSM.RemovalofNutrientsinWastewaterbyUsingMagnesiumSalts.EnvTechnol,1997,19(3):283～2906　LoewenthalRE,KornmǜllerURC,VanHeerdenEP.ModellingStruvitePrecipitationinAnaerobicTreatmentSystems.WatSciTech,1994,30(12):107～1167　,..,1999,20(5):90～928　ChirmuleyDG.StruvitePrecipitationinWWTPs:CausesandSolutions.Water(JournaloftheAustralianWaterAsso-ciation),1994,12:21～239　GaterellMR,GayR,WilsonR,etal.AnEconomicandEn-vironmentalEvaluationoftheOpportunitiesforSubstitutingPhosphorusRecoveredfromWastewaterTreatmentWorksinExistingUKFertilizerMarkets.EnvTechnol,2000,21(9):1067～1084RemovalofAmmonia-nitrogenfromCoking-plantWastewaterbyChemicalPrecipitationLiuXiaolan1,WangJihui1,HuangWenshui1,LiuDapeng1,JiangQian2(1.EnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,HunanUniversity,HunanChangsha410082,China;2.HunanXiangniuEnvironmentalProtectionIndustryCo.,Ltd.,HunanChangsha410007,China)Abstract:Magnesiumammoniumphosphateprecipitatewasformedinthetreatmentofcoking-plantwastewater·48·　　　　　　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONOFCHEMICALINDUSTRY　　　　　　200424　——(,716000)[]——。:70%(),3h,2.24∶1,—5h,65～70℃。80%。[];;;[]X78　　[]A　　[]1006-1878(2004)01-0049-04　　,、、、,。,[1]、[2]、[3][4]。、,,。、,,;、。——,,,。1　试验部分1.1　,,(,%)[5]:24～28,48～55,17～20,2.0～4.0。(65%,),(98%,),,,。1000mL;6511,;2X-3,;JPT-10,;,;IR-440;X4。1.2　,,。V2O5-FeCl3,65%,。,,。:　　　(C6H10O5)nH3O+(C6H10O5)mH3O+nC6H12O6(mn)　　　　　C6H12O6+12HNO3V2O5-FeCl33C2H2O4·2H2O+3H2O+3NO+9NO2[]2003-01-28;[]2003-04-20[](1964—),,,,,、。:0911—2332145;Emil:[e-mail]2·6H2OwithNa2HPO4·12H2OorMgHPO4·3H2O.Theeffectsofdifferentoperatingconditionsontheremovalofammonium-nitrogenwereexamined.TheresultsshowthatwhenthewastewaterpHis8.5～9.5andthemolratioofMg2+/NH+4/PO43-is1.4/1/0.8,theremovalrateofammonium-nitrogenisover99%,andthemassconcentrationofammonium-nitrogenineffluentisreducedfrom2000mg/Lto15mg/L.Keywords:chemicalprecipitation;coking-plantwastewater;ammonium-nitrogen;wastewatertreatment·49·2004241　　　　　　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONOFCHEMICALINDUSTRY