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高考语法复习名词1、名词的单、复数;2、可数与不可数名词的转换;3、名词作定语;4、名词的搭配;5、词语辨析;高考考点分析问题1:---Howmanydoesacowhave?---Four.A.stomachesB.stomachC.stomachsD.stomachies以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的名词变复数时加–es;但如果以–ch结尾的名词发音为[k]时,只加–s。另外,以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,需将y变成i,再加-es;以元音字母+y结尾的则直接加-s。以辅音字母加y结尾的专有名词变复数时,也直接加-s。问题2:The______ofthebuildingarecoveredwithlotsof______.A.roofs;leavesB.rooves;leafsC.roof;leafD.roofs;leafs以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:a.加s,如:serf---serfsbelief---beliefsroof---roofschief---chiefssafe---safesgulf---gulfs;b.去f,fe加ves,如:half---halvesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wiveslife---livesthief---thieves;c.均可,如:handkerchief---handkerchiefs/handkerchieves问题3:Whenthefarmerreturnedhomehefoundthree______missing.A.sheepsB.sheepesC.sheepD.sheepies当sheep;deer;fish表示数量时,单复数同形;如果表示不同种类,则需加–s或–es。单复数同形的名词有:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swissworks,means,head问题4:Some______visitedourschoollastWednesday.A.GermanB.GermenC.GermansD.Germens国家人的名词需要记住三种情况:1、单复数同形:Chinese;Japanese;Swiss2、需要变形:Englishman-Englishmen3、加–s或-es:German–Germans详见下表。1.6不同国家的人的单复数名称总称(谓语用复数)一个人两个人中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermanstwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes问题5:_______willmakeatriparoundtheworldduringthecomingChristmas.(1993上海)A.TheEvensB.TheEvens’C.TheEvensesD.TheEvenses’专有名词的复数与定冠词连用,常用来表示“一家人”或一家之中的两个或几个重要的人。如:---Whodidyouspendlastweekendwith?---_____.(98上海)APalmer’sBThePalmers’CThePalmersDThePalmer’s问题6:MrSmithhastwo______,bothofwhomareteachersinaschool.A.brothers-in-lawB.brother-in-lawsC.brothers-in-lawsD.brother-inlaw以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数,如:managers-in-chief;fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加–s。如:grown-ups。问题1:Hegainedhis_____byprinting_____offamouswriters.(NMET95)A.wealth;workB.wealths;worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;works抽象名词和物质名词被称为不可数名词。本题中wealth为不可数名词,works作“作品”解,属单复数同形的可数名词。问题2:Canyougiveussome______aboutthewriter?A.informationsB.informationC.pieceofinformationsD.piecesinformation大多数不可数名词都不可能转化为可数名词,常见的有:information;news;advice;progress;fun……如:Thisisnotamatch.We’replayingchessfor_____.AhabitBhobbyCfunDgame(2019上海春季)问题3:Manypeopleagreethat____ofEnglishisamustininternationaltradetoday.(NMET96)A.aknowledgeB.knowledgesC.knowledgeD.theknowledge有些抽象名词和物质名词也可转化为可数名词,用来表示某种特定的意义。aknowledgeof…表示“对……有所了解“。又如:Thismeetingisagreatsuccess.请看下面的可数与不可数名词的转化:a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时。Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一种食物。(U)Thesecakesaresweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。(C)b.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,名词可数。Thisfactoryproducessteel.(U)Weneedvarioussteels.(C)c.当物质名词表示份数时,可数。Ourcountryisfamousfortea.Twoteas,please.请来两杯茶。d.抽象名词有时也可数。fourfreedoms四大自由thefourmodernizations四个现代化manyinterests许多兴趣问题1The______isjustaroundthecornerandyouwon’tmissit.(01北京春季)A.bicycle’sshopB.bicycleshopC.bicyclesshopD.bicycles’shop名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。1)用复数作定语。如:sportsmeeting运动会studentsreading-room学生阅览室talkstable谈判桌theforeignlanguagesdepartment外语系2)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。如:goodstrain(货车)armsproduce武器生产customspapers海关文件clothesbrush衣刷问题2Ittookusquitealongtimetogethere.Itwas________journey.(05北京春季)A.three-hourB.athreehourC.athree-hourD.threehours“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。如:aten-milewalk;afive-yearplan但是如果不用连字符,就需用复数的所有格。Thevillageisfarawayfromhereindeed.It’s_____walk.(04上海春季)A.afourhourB.afourhour'sC.afour-hoursD.afourhours'问题3:Thereareonlytwelve_____inthehospital.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorsC.womendoctorD.womandoctorman,woman,gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如:amanworker→menworkersawomanteacher→womenteachersagentlemanofficial→gentlemenofficials问题1We’vemissedthelastbus.I’mafraidwehaveno______buttotakeataxi.(N20193)A.wayB.choiceC.possibilityD.selection可以将“havenochoicebuttodo…”视为一个结构,现在考查这类搭配的题有很多,如:IamsureDavidwillbeabletofindthelibrary—hehasaprettygood_______ofdirection.(05浙江卷)A.ideaB.feelingC.experienceD.sense类似的题还有:配套视频教程mba5181.Here’smycard.Let’skeepin__________.(N1994)(A)A.touchB.relationC.connectionD.friendship2.Youcantakeasmanyasyoulikebecausetheyarefreeof_______.(2019上海)(B)A.fareB.chargeC.moneyD.pay3.Themanagerhasgotagoodbusiness_______sothecompanyisdoingwell.(03北京春季)(B)A.ideaB.senseC.thoughtD.Thinking4.Ikeepmedicinesonthetopshelf,outofthechildren’s______.(04天津)(A)AreachBhandCholdDplace配套视频教程mba518问题2Aroughestimate,Nigeriais__________GreatBritain.(05上海卷)A.threetimesthesizeasB.thesizethreetimesofC.threetimesasthesizeofD.threetimesthesizeof注意名词用来表示比较的特殊用法。它的结构为“倍数+the+名词+of+对象”。常用在该结构中的名词为:thesizeof;theweightof;thelengthof…….问题1Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis_______.(05天津卷)(C)A.abilityB.forceC.strengthD.mind高考试卷中考查名词词义辨析的题目越来越多了,这就要求我们在平时的学习过程中注意同类词的比较和辨析,同时尽可能从阅读过程中汲取更多的知识。本题的意思是参加体育锻炼的目的是增强体质和力气。配套视频教程mba518高考语法复习主谓一致1、用and连接两个并列成分;2、介词with伴随主语;3、就近原则;4、各种代词的主谓一致;5、短语和从句作主语;6、定语从句中的主谓一致。高考考点分析问题1:Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory____yet.(
本文标题:高中英语语法全套课件完美版
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