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当前位置:首页 > 临时分类 > 初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语
外教一对一文章来源:初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语1.直接引语和间接引语的转换方法①间接引语语序改为陈述句语序陈述句用that引导,口语中常省略Shesaid,例:“Iamgoingtothecinema.”→Shesaid(that)shewasgoingtothecinema.②一般疑问句用if/whether连接,例:“Haveyouevertravelledbyplane?”sheaskedme.→Sheaskedmeif/whetherIhadtravelledbyplane.③反意疑问句用if/whether连接,例:Heasked,“Youareadoctor,aren’tyou?”→Heasked(me)if/whetherIwasadoctor.④特殊疑问句由原疑问词连接(如疑问代词是主语,不要改变语序),例:Heasked,“Whowillcometohelpus?”→Heaskedwhowouldcometohelpthem.Shesaid,“Wherehaveyoubeen,Simon?”→SheaskedSimonwherehehadbeen.⑤选择疑问句由whether…or引导,例:外教一对一文章来源:“IsthisaTVsetoracomputer?”→Eddieasked(me)whetherthatwasaTVsetoracomputer.⑥祈使句用“tell/ask/ordersomeone(not)todosomething”结构,将动词原形变为动词不定式,例:“Putupyourhands,”saidtheteacher.→Theteachertoldthemtoputuptheirhands.“Don’tplayfootballonthestreet,”thepolicemansaid.→Thepolicemanorderedusnottoplayfootballonthestreet.2.时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应变化:直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般过去时→过去完成时过去完成时→过去完成时(不变)一般将来时→过去将来时3.指示代词、时间状语和地点状语,直接引语变间接引语时的变化①指示代词this→thatthese→those②时间状语外教一对一文章来源:→thentoday→thatdaytonight→thatnightthismorning(week,month…)→thatmorning(week,month…)tomorrow→thenextdaynextweek(month…)→thenextweek(month…)yesterday→thedaybeforelastweek(month…)→theweek(month…)beforethreedays(ayear…)ago→threedays(ayear…)before③地点状语here→there④动词come→go特别提示:以上变化要根据说话的实际情况来定,不要机械地照搬。假如就在当地转述,here就不必改为there;如果就在当天转述,yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。直击考点一、单项填空1.—Myparentsalwaystellmeotherslateatnight.—They’reright.It’snotpolite.A.callB.notcallC.tocallD.nottocall(06年福州)【答案】D【解析】从答语“他们说得对,那是不礼貌的”可知,“Myparentsalwaystellme…”意为“父母常叫我不要在夜里给别人打电话”。动词不定式是nottodo,即tellsb.nottodosth.。2.Thismorningmymotheraskedme.外教一对一文章来源:(06年长春)【答案】D【解析】主句动词asked是过去式,间接引语应用与过去有关的时态,并用陈述语序,只有选项D符合要求。3.Theysaythereanewbridgeacrosstheriverintwoyears.A.willhaveB.isgoingtobeC.has(06年武汉)【答案】B【解析】Theysay句是一般现在时,又因intwoyears“两年之后”,间接引语要用一般将来时;therebe不可与have一起用,故答案是B。4.—Couldyoutellme?—Gladtohelp.A.ifIhavebeentotheGreatWallB.wheredidhestudyC.howIcangettothestationD.what’syourname(06年锦州)【答案】C【解析】根据间接引语应该是陈述句语序,排除B、D选项,A意思不合逻辑。句中could是一种委婉语气,不要和过去时态联系在一起。5.Thestudentssaidtheyhaveapicnictogetherafterthebigtest.A.wouldlovetoB.wouldloveC.hadloveD.hadlove(06年呼和浩特)【答案】A外教一对一文章来源:【解析】主句中的said是动词过去式,从afterthebigtest可判断,间接引语应该用过去将来时;tohaveapicnictogether是wouldlove的宾语。6.—Whatdidtheheadteachersayatthemeeting?—Hesaid,“Webeproudofworkinghard.Wemustn’tbelazy.”A.mustB.needn’tC.mayD.can’t(06年福州)【答案】A【解析】此题是一句直接引语,根据句意“我们应该以勤劳为荣,不应该懒惰”,选择A。7.Whocantellmeatthemeeting?A.whathesaidB.hesaidwhatC.whatdidhesayD.howhesaid(06年徐州)【答案】A【解析】根据间接引语对连接词和语序的要求,排除B、C选项;said是及物动词,what作宾语。8.Willyoupleasetellusbeforeyoucametoourcity?A.wheredoyouworkB.wheredidyouworkC.whereyouworked(06年成都)【答案】C【解析】从句应该是用陈述语序。二、根据要求完成下列各题。1.Ifyouasksomeonetohelpyoucarryaheavybox,whatwillyousay?(06年连云港)外教一对一文章来源:【答案】Couldyougive/lendmeahand?或:Couldyouhelpme,please?【解析】因为请求别人帮忙,所以说话语气要委婉,使用could要比can更好。2.Mybrothersaidhe(let)mehavethebikeassoonashehadcleanedit.(用所给词的适当形式填空)(06年无锡)【答案】wouldlet/wasgoingtolet【解析】assoonas引导的是时间状语从句,因为主句是过去式,所以从句由一般将来时改变为过去将来时。3.Shesaidtome,“Don’twritetheletterwithapencil.”(改为间接引语)Shetoldmewithapencil.(06年广州)【答案】nottowritetheletter【解析】直接引语是否定祈使句,变为间接引语时,用nottodosth.作宾语补足语。
本文标题:初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语
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