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语篇提能阅读理解ASchoolofAthensThiswallpainting,locatedintheVatican,containspicturesofmanyfamousphilosophers.PlatoandAristotlearethetwointhemiddle.Asaninsidejoke,RaphaelbasedPlato'sfaceonhisfellowartistLeonardodaVinci.HealsoincludedMichelangeloandhimselfelsewhereinthepainting.TheNightWatchRembrandtisoneofthemostfamousDutchpainters.Thispaintingishuge(11ft×14ft)andshowsagroupofsoldiersleavingforabattle.Unlikeearlierpaintingswhichshowpeoplelookingstiff(坚硬的),thispicturecapturestheirmovement.Also,thewayhepaintedthelightemphasizesthethreemeninthefrontaswellasayounggirl.Thegirlhasadeadchickenhangingfromherbelt—asymbolthattheywilldefeattheirenemy.AmericanGothicThisislikelythemostfamousAmericanpaintingofalltime.“Gothic”referstothetopwindowofthehouseinthebackground.DuringtheGreatDepression,thispaintingbecameasymbolofthehard­workinganddeterminedAmericanpeople.Notethatthepitchfork(干草叉)ismirroredontheman'soveralls(外套)．TheSonofManThispaintingisanexampleofsurrealism(超现实主义),astylethatcapturesstrangedream­likefeelings.Magritteexplainedthispaintingasfollows,“Everythingweseehidesanotherthing,sowealwayswanttoseewhatishiddenbywhatwesee.Thereisaninterestbecausewhichishiddenandwhichthevisibledoesnotshowus.”1．RaphaelplayedajokeinhispaintingSchoolofAthensby_______.A.paintingphilosophersofdifferenttimesinonepaintingB.paintinghimselfinthispaintingC.basingPlato'sfaceontheartistLeonardodaVinciD.puttingPlatoandAristotleinthemiddle答案与解析C细节理解题。根据第一段的“Asaninsidejoke,RaphaelbasedPlato'sfaceonhisfellowartistLeonardodaVinci”可知应选C项。2．WhatdoweknowaboutRembrandt'sTheNightWatch?A.ItisawallpaintinglocatedintheVatican.B.Itcontainspicturesofmanyphilosophers.C.ItisoneofRembrandt'searlypaintings.D.Itshowssomesoldiersleavingforabattle.答案与解析D细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thispaintingishuge(11ft×14ft)andshowsagroupofsoldiersleavingforabattle.”可知应选D项。3．ThepaintingAmericanGothicmostprobablyshows________.A.philosophersB.farmersC.artistsD.soldiers答案与解析B推理判断题。根据第三段的“DuringtheGreatDepression,thispaintingbecameasymbolofthehard­workinganddeterminedAmericanpeople.Notethatthepitchforkismirroredontheman'soveralls.”可推断AmericanGothic里画的是农民。4．WhichofthefollowingpaintingsiscalledTheSonofMan?答案与解析C推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Everythingweseehidesanotherthing,sowealwayswanttoseewhatishiddenbywhatwesee.Thereisaninterestbecausewhichishiddenandwhichthevisibledoesnotshowus.”可知TheSonofMan所展示的东西是有所掩盖的，C项中的男子的脸被苹果遮盖，符合这种描述。BSheiswidelyseenasaproofthatgoodlookscanlastforever.But,atnearly500yearsofage,timeiscatchingupwiththeMonaLisa.Thehealthofthefamouspicture,paintedbyLeonardodaVinciin1505,isgettingworsebytheyear,accordingtotheLouvreMuseum(卢浮宫博物馆)whereitishoused.“Thethin,woodenpanelonwhichtheMonaLisaispaintedinoilhaschangedshapesinceexpertscheckedittwoyearsago，”themuseumsaid.Visitorshavenoticedchangesbutrepairingtheworld'smostfamouspaintingisnoteasy.ExpertsarenotsureaboutthematerialstheItalianartistusedandtheircurrent(现在的)chemicalstate.Nearly6millionpeoplegotoseetheMonaLisaeveryyear;manyareattractedbythemysteryofhersmile.“Itisveryinterestingthatwhenyou'renotlookingather,sheseemstobesmiling,andthenyoulookatherandshestops，”saidProfessorMargaretLivingstoneofHarvardUniversity(哈佛大学).“It'sbecausedirectvision(视觉)isexcellentatpickingupdetail,butlesssuitedtolookingatshadows.DaVincipaintedthesmileinshadows.”However,theactualhistoryoftheMonaLisaisjustasmysteriousasthesmile.DaVincihimselfloveditsomuchthathealwayscarrieditwithhim,untilitwaseventuallysoldtoFrance'sKingFrancisⅠin1519.In1911,thepaintingwasstolenfromtheLouvrebyaformeremployee,whotookitoutofthemuseumhiddenunderhiscoat.HesaidheplannedtoreturnittoItaly.ThepaintingwassentbacktoFrancetwoyearslater.DuringWorldWarⅡ，FrenchhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces.Likemanyoldladies,theMonaLisahassomeinterestingstoriestotell.语篇解读本文介绍了卢浮宫里的世界名著《蒙娜·丽莎》随着岁月的流逝，加上自然和人为的原因，正在受到损坏。5．TheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmeanstheMonaLisa________.A.islosingitsvalueB.isbeingdamagedaftersomanyyearsC.isgettingmorevaluablewithyearspassingD.willrotaway答案与解析B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“goodlookscanlastforever”和后面but的转折，说明《蒙娜·丽莎》随着岁月的流逝而受到损坏。6．WhyisitverydifficulttokeeptheMonaLisa?A.Becauseitisalready500yearsold.B.Becauseitsthin,woodenpanelhaschangedshape.C.Becauseexpertsdon'tknowforsureitsmaterialsandchemicalstate.D.Alloftheabove.答案与解析D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知A是正确的，由第三段可知B、C两项是正确的。故答案选D项。7．TheMonaLisaismostprobablykeptin________now.A.ItalyB.FranceC.GermanD.China答案与解析B细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“DuringWorldWarⅡ，FrenchhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces.”可知答案。8．ThesmileoftheMonaLisacanonlybeseen________.A.byindirectvisionB.atadistanceC.bydirectvisionD.inshadows答案与解析A推理判断题。文章第四段提到，人们“正视”时，往往看不到蒙娜·丽莎的微笑，是因为当时达·芬奇是在暗处画的画，当人们“不正视”时，才能看到。