2020七年级英语下册 第四单元 讲义重点短语语法归纳及练习 （新版）人教新目标版

四单元讲义第一部分【重点短语】（be）ontimelistentoInclassintheclassroombe/arrivelateforhavetobequietgoout洗碗makebreakfastBringsth.to……it’simportantforsb,todosth.makeone’sbedkeepone’shairshortbestrictwithsb在某方面严格playwithsb.havefundoingsth.制作规则follow/obeytherulesdininghall在外面吃穿校服practicedoingsth.Leavesth.+地点learntodosth.Thinkabout/thinkofGoodlucktosb.!asksbtodosth.fightwithsb.havemorerulesDon'tbenoisy晚饭后Iknowhowyoufeel第二部分【重点语法】一、祈使句：用于表达命令，请求，劝告，警告，禁止等的句子叫祈使句。通常省略主语。祈使句，无主语肯定祈使句形式：Do型动词原形（+宾语）+其他Pleasehaveaseatthere.Be型Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他Beagoodchild!Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其他Letmehelpyou.否定祈使句形式：Do型Don’t+动词原形（+宾语）+其他Pleasehaveaseatthere.Be型Don’t+Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他Beagoodchild!Let型①Don’t+Let+宾语+动词原形+其他②Let+宾语++not+动词原形+其他Letmehelpyou.No开头的祈使句Nosmoking!Noparking!【试一试】1.！（安静点！）,weareintheLibrary.2.forschool.（不要迟到）3.Tommy,playbasketballinthestreet,it’sdangerous.（不要在大街上玩篮球）二、情态动词must与haveto（一）1.must表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中。意思“必须……，一定……”情态动词后跟动词原形。e.g.Youmustbeontime.你必须要准时。Youmustobeytherules.你必须遵守规则。2.must的否定→mustn’t，后跟动词原形，译为“禁止……不许……”，语气非常强烈。Youmustn’tgotomyhouse.你禁止踏入我的家。4.must引导的一般疑问句。肯定回答用：must.否定回答用：needn’t和don’thaveto.e.g.MustIfinishmyhomeworkbefore6o’clock?Yes,youmust.是的，你必须这样做-No,youneedn’t.不，你没必要。-No,youdon'thaveto.不，你没必要。（二）1.haveto表示客观需要做的事情，意思是“必须不得不做……”。（有原因导致）haveto后跟动词原形。e.g.Youhavetocomebackearly,youhaveclassesintheafternoon.2.haveto有人称，数和时态的变化，第三人称单数形式为：hastoe.g.Shehastohelphermommakedinner.3.含有have/hasto的句子变为否定句及疑问句时，需要借助动词do/does.E.G.Theyhavetogohomenow.Theydon'thavetogohomenow.Tinahastogohomenow.DoesTinahavetogohomenow?【试一试】1.Youdon'twashallthedishesaftermeals.A.havetoB.mustC.hastoD.want2.-CanIgotothemovies,Mum?-Sure.Butyoubebackbyten.A.canB.mayC.hastoD,must三、alotof=lotsof“许多”，后可以跟复数名词，也可跟不可数名词Many+复数名词；Much+不可数名词四、复习“到达”的几种表达arrivein+大地方arriveat+小地方e.g.Mr.LeearrivesinLondonnow.Iarriveattheschoolat8.getto+地方（特殊：gethome到家，getthere/here到那里/到这里）reach+地方（记住不加任何介词）五、修饰性形容词Relax动词放松，使放松Relaxing形容词主要用来说明事物，“令人放松的”relaxed形容词主要用来说明人，“轻松的”Exerciserelaxesme.锻炼使我放松。e.g.Thisfilmisveryrelaxing.Heisrelaxedafterlisteningtomusic.【试一试】relaxed/relaxing填空IambecauseIreadabook.【思考】学过的还有哪些这样的形容词？六、辨析read,look,see,watchread强调看书，报，杂志等Ilikereadingbooks.look强调“看”的动作，不强调是否看见。后接宾语，要与at连用Lookattheblackboard.see强调“看”的结果，表示“看见；看到”Icanseesomebirdsonthetree.watch强调“观看”，含有“欣赏”的意思IliketowatchTV.七、重点搭配回顾1.remembertodosth.记得要做某事(还没有做)e.g.Pleaseremembertakeyourcoatwhenyouleavehere.离开这的时候记得要带走你外套。rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(已经做了)e.g.Irememberseeingherinthecity.我记得在这个城市见过她。翻译：当离开教室时请记得关灯：Tom记得在图书馆见过她：2.bestrictwithsb.insth.“在某方面对某人严格”e.g.Mr.Leeisstrictwithhissoninmusic.李老师对他的儿子在学音乐方面很严格。【汉译英】1)我妈妈对我的学习方面很严格Mymommemystudy.2)我们的老师对我们严格。teacheris.3.辨析toomany/toomuch/muchtootoomany+可数名词复数太多…toomuch+不可数名词太多…muchtoo+形容词/副词太…e.g.【应用】Thereareapplesonthetable.Thereismilkinthefridge.Thiscityisbeautiful.第三部分【课堂练习】一、单项选择。()1.______lateforclassagain,Lily.A.BeB.Can’tC.Don'tbeD.Don’t()2.Doyoulike______music?A.listeningtoB.listeningC.listentoD.hearing()3.Tom______homeearlyeveryday.A.getstoB.arrivesatC.arrivesD.arrivesin()4.–Whataretheschoolrules?–We______arrivelateforclass.A.don’tB.can’tC.aren’tD.doesn’t()5.Lily______homeontime.A.hastocometoB.hastocomeC.havetocometoD.havetocome()6.Studentscan’t______hatsintheclassroom.A.putonB.wearC.inD.on()7.Don’trun______shout（叫喊）intheclassroom.A.andB.doC.orD.but()8.What______you______todo?A.can,haveB.are,haveC.do,haveD.can,has()9.Ihaveabadcold,soI______stayathome.A.mustB.havetoC.musttoD.can’t()10.Sheoften______onweekends.A.doesthedishesB.doesthedishC.doesdishesD.dothedish()11.“______talking!”means“______talk!”A.No,NoB.Don’t,NoC.No,Don’tD.Not,Not()12.Doesshelike______TVor______newspaper?A.seeing,seeingB.watching,readingC.watching,lookingD.watching,watching()13.Thereare______rulesand______workinmyfactory.Ican’tstand(忍受)them.A.toomuch,toomanyB.toomany,toomuchC.toomuch,toomuchD.toomany,toomany()14.Theteacherisverystrict______us_______ourlessons.A.at,inB.in,withC.with,inD.in,at()15.Pleaseremember______theclassrules.A.followB.followingC.followsD.tofollow()16..－Ican’tstopsmoking（吸烟）,doctor.－Foryourhealth,I’mafraidyou______.A.mustB.canC.mayD.can’t()17.－Don’teatinclass,Bill.-___________.A.Yes,IdoB.No,Idon’tC.Sorry,Idon’tD.Yes,Iwill()18.Thereare______peopleinthehallandthereare_______noise(噪音)init.A.toomany;toomuchB.toomany;muchtooC.toomuch;toomanyD.toomuch;muchtoo()19.Wehavelotsoffun_______games.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.plays()20.Tompracticesthepianofor30minuteseveryday.A.toplayB.playC.playingD.toplaying()21.Don’tyourschoolbagatschool.A.leaveB.takeC.bringD.get()22.IhavetodomyhomeworkwatchingTVschoolnights.A.after,inB.before,onC.after,onD.before,in二、用单词正确形式填空1._______(notbe)lateforclass.2.He_______(have)toreadEnglisheverymorning.3._______he_______(have)towearsportsshoestoday?4.Tony_______(nothave)tocometoschooleveryday.5.Please_______(be)quietinthelibrary.6.Whatother_______(rule)doyouhave?7.Pleasedon’tbe_______(noise).Thebabyissleeping.8.Doyouhavefun______(watch)TV?9.Doyouoftendothe______(dish)athome?10.Ilikegentlemusic.It’s(relax).11.Iwanttolearn(play)bas