2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 5 The power of nature 单元质量检测（

-1-单元质量检测（五）(时间：100分钟满分：120分)选择题部分Ⅰ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AManyfruitsandvegetableswoulddisappearfromgrocerystoreshelvesifitweren'tforhoneybees.Almonds(扁桃仁),forexample,areaD|S2.5billionindustryinCalifornia,andalmondgrowersdependonhoneybeestopollinate(授粉)thecrop.Nohoneybeeswouldmeannoalmonds.Manyberries(likeblackberriesandstrawberries)needbees,asdovegetableslikecucumbersandsquash.Anddon'tforgettreecropslikeapples,orangesandpeaches.Watermelonandcantaloupesdependonbees,too.Infact,approximately15percentofthefoodAmericanseatcomesdirectlyfromhoneybeepollination.Another15percentcomesfromanimalsthateatfoodsthatbeespollinate.Inotherwords,closetoathirdofthefoodthatAmericanseatcurrentlyrequireshoneybeepollination.Honeybeepollinationissoimportantthatbeefarmersactuallytrucktheirbeesfromorchard(果园)toorchardandfromfarmtofarmtohelppollinatecrops.Ahoneybeestartsthehoneymakingprocessbyvisitingaflower.Withluck,theflowercontainsnectar(花蜜),andthebeesuckssomeofthenectarupwithalittlestrawbuiltintoitsmouth.Mostflowernectarsarelikesugarwater;thereisalittlesugarmixedwithwater.Nectarscancontainotherbeneficialsubstancesaswell.Tomakehoney,twothingshappen.Thefirstthingusesenzymes(酶).Oneenzymethatbeesproduceturnsthesucrose(蔗糖)inthenectarintoglucose(葡萄糖)andfructose(果糖).Anotherenzymeturnssomeoftheglucoseintoanacidandhydrogenperoxide(过氧化氢).Bymakinghoneyacidic,itkillsanybacteriathatgetintothehoney.Thesecondthingusesevaporation(蒸发)togetridoftheextrawater.Mostofthemoisturehastobeevaporated,sothathoneyisonlyabout18percentwater.Beesevaporatetheextrawaterbyputtinglittledropsofnectarinthehiveandfanningitwiththeirwings.Honeyisaverystablefood.Itnaturallyresistsmolds(霉菌),fungi(真菌)-2-andotherbacteria,allowingittolastforyearswithoutrefrigeration.语篇解读：本文介绍了蜜蜂的重要性及蜜蜂如何授粉、如何制造蜂蜜等。1．Beesarealwaystruckedbetweendifferentplacesinorderto________.A．layeggsinalltheorchardsandfarmsB．matewithbeeslivingindifferentzonesC．helpbeefarmersdealwithharmfulinsectsD．pollinateflowersorplantsgrownindifferentplaces解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Honeybeepollinationissoimportant...helppollinatecrops.”可知，蜜蜂授粉的重要性使得蜂农们带着它们在不同的地方给农作物授粉。2．Whichoneisthewaymentionedinthepassagetomakehoney?A．Toevaporatemostofthemoistureinthenectar.B．Tokillallthebacteriainthenectar.C．Toexposeittosunlightforsometime.D．Tomixthenectarwithsomesugar.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thesecondthingusesevaporation(蒸发)togetridoftheextrawater.Mostofthemoisturehastobeevaporated,sothathoneyisonlyabout18percentwater.”可知，利用蒸发的方法将花蜜当中的水分去除是其中一个方法。3．Whyhoneycanbekeptforalongtimewithoutbeingcooled?A．Becausethereisnobacteriainit.B．Becauseitcanstandbadweatherconditions.C．Becauseitprotectsitselfagainstbacterianaturally.D．Becauseitiswell­preservedincontainers.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，蜂蜜天然地可以抵抗霉菌、真菌和其他的细菌，所以不用冰箱也可以存放多年。BBoredwithyourlife?Dreamingofsomethingdifferent?Ialwayswonderwhatlifewouldbelike400kmabovemyhead.That'swheretheInternationalSpaceStationorbitstheearth,withsixastronautslivingandworkingonboard,formonthsatatime.Howdotheysleep?Theyspendthenightfloatinginasleepingbaginsideasmallcubicle(小隔间)ontheceiling.AmericanastronautSunitaWilliamsexplains,“It'slikealittlephonebooth,butit'sprettycomfortableanditdoesn't-3-matterifIturnoverandsleepupsidedown.Idon'thaveanysensation(感觉)inmyheadthattellsmeI'mupsidedown.”Brushingyourteethinaplacewhereyoucan'thaveataporasinkcanbeachallenge.Canyouimaginethemessthatrunningwaterwouldmakeinzerogravity?CanadianastronautChrisHadfieldusesastrawtoputabigblob(一滴)ofwaterfromasealedbagontoanordinarytoothbrushandaddsalittletoothpastewhichhehastoswallowwhenhe'sdone.Dailyexerciseisessential.Thelackofgravitymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength—soastronautsareencouragedtoworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.TheroleofastronautsintheInternationalSpaceStationistoactaslabtechniciansforscientistsbackonearth.SotheyspendtheirtimemaintainingtheirenvironmentandperformingandmonitoringexperimentsinaconfinedspaceaboutthesizeofaBoeing747.Almosteverytaskiscarefullyplannedbymissioncontrol—althoughmostastronautsspendtheirfirstdayslosingthingsuntiltheygetusedtostickingeverythingtheyusetothewallswithVelcro,ducttape(强力胶带)orclips(夹子)．Oneoftheirmostvaluedperks(额外待遇)istheviewfrom“theoffice”，dominatedbythatgiganticblueballdownthere,sittinginthedarknessofspace.Wow!Absolutelybreathtaking!语篇解读：本文主要讲述了太空中宇航员的生活和工作情况。4．Whentheysleepupsidedown,theastronautswillnotgetdizzybecause________.A．theydon'tfeelitB．theysleepinthedaytimeC．theysleepinspecialsleepingbagsD．theyaretrainedtoadapttotheconditionsofweightlessness解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的“AmericanastronautSunitaWilliamsexplains...Idon'thaveanysensation(感觉)inmyheadthattellsmeI'mupsidedown.’”可知，宇航员倒着睡不会晕是因为大脑并没有感知到这种颠倒的行为，故选A。5．Whatpartsbecomeweakifastronautsdon'texercise?A．Theirteethandbones.B．Theirbrainsandbones.C．Theirteethandmuscles.D．Theirbonesandmuscles.-4-解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“Thelackofgravitymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength”可知，宇航员不锻炼的话，他们的肌肉和骨头会变得虚弱。6．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheProblemsWeMetinSpaceB．HowtoBecomeanAstronautC．LivingandWorkinginSpaceD．TheInternatio