人员能力成熟度模型

MaturityModelCMU/SEI-95-MM-02September1995PeopleCapabilityMaturityModelSMBillCurtisWilliamE.HefleySallyMillerSoftwareEngineeringInstituteCarnegieMellonUniversityPittsburgh,Pennsylvania15213Unlimiteddistributionsubjecttothecopyright.MaturityModelCMU/SEI-95-MM-02September1995PeopleCapabilityMaturityModelSMBillCurtisWilliamE.HefleySallyMillerCapabilityMaturityModelingThisreportwaspreparedfortheSEIJointProgramOfficeHQESC/AXS5EglinStreetHanscomAFB,MA01731-2116TheideasandfindingsinthisreportshouldnotbeconstruedasanofficialDoDposition.Itispublishedintheinterestofscientificandtechnicalinformationexchange.FORTHECOMMANDER(signatureonfile)ThomasR.Miller,LtCol,USAFSEIJointProgramOfficeThisworkissponsoredbytheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.Copyright©1995byCarnegieMellonUniversity.Permissiontoreproducethisdocumentandtopreparederivativeworksfromthisdocumentforinternaluseisgranted,providedthecopyrightand“NoWarranty”statementsareincludedwithallreproductionsandderivativeworks.RequestsforpermissiontoreproducethisdocumentortopreparederivativeworksofthisdocumentforexternalandcommercialuseshouldbeaddressedtotheSEILicensingAgent.NOWARRANTYTHISCARNEGIEMELLONUNIVERSITYANDSOFTWAREENGINEERINGINSTITUTEMATERIALISFURNISHEDONAN“AS-IS”BASIS.CARNEGIEMELLONUNIVERSITYMAKESNOWARRAN-TIESOFANYKIND,EITHEREXPRESSEDORIMPLIED,ASTOANYMATTERINCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITEDTO,WARRANTYOFFITNESSFORPURPOSEORMERCHANTIBILITY,EXCLUSIVITY,ORRESULTSOBTAINEDFROMUSEOFTHEMATERIAL.CARNEGIEMELLONUNIVERSITYDOESNOTMAKEANYWARRANTYOFANYKINDWITHRESPECTTOFREEDOMFROMPATENT,TRADEMARK,ORCOPYRIGHTINFRINGEMENT.ThisworkwascreatedintheperformanceofFederalGovernmentContractNumberF19628-95-C-0003withCarnegieMellonUniversityfortheoperationoftheSoftwareEngineeringInstitute,afederallyfundedresearchanddevelopmentcenter.TheGovernmentoftheUnitedStateshasaroyalty-freegovernment-purposelicensetouse,duplicate,ordisclosethework,inwholeorinpartandinanymanner,andtohaveorpermitotherstodoso,forgovernmentpurposespursuanttothecopyrightlicenseundertheclauseat52.227-7013.ThisdocumentisavailablethroughResearchAccess,Inc.,800VinialStreet,Pittsburgh,PA15212.Phone:[phone].FAX:[phone].RAIalsomaintainsaWorldWideWebhomepage.TheURLis(NTIS).Forinforma-tiononordering,pleasecontactNTISdirectly:NationalTechnicalInformationService,U.S.DepartmentofCommerce,Springfield,VA22161.Phone:[phone].ThisdocumentisalsoavailablethroughtheDefenseTechnicalInformationCenter(DTIC).DTICprovidesaccesstoandtransferofscientificandtechnicalinformationforDoDpersonnel,DoDcontractorsandpotentialcontrac-tors,andotherU.S.Governmentagencypersonnelandtheircontractors.Toobtainacopy,pleasecontactDTICdirectly:DefenseTechnicalInformationCenter/8725JohnJ.KingmanRoad/Suite0944/Ft.Belvoir,VA22060-6218.Phone:[phone]or1-800225-3842.]Useofanytrademarksinthisreportisnotintendedinanywaytoinfringeontherightsofthetrademarkholder.TableofContentsAcknowledgments......................................................................................................ixAboutThisDocument.............................................................................................xiiiHowIsThisDocumentOrganized?................................................................xiiiBackground..........................................................................................................xiiiHowtoReceiveMoreInformation...............................................................xviExecutiveOverview.................................................................................................xixNeedforthePeopleCapabilityMaturityModelSM......................................xixStructureoftheP-CMM....................................................................................xxiOverview1Introduction........................................................................................................O-11.1MotivationforImprovingSoftwareDevelopmentTalent.............O-11.2AMaturityFrameworkforDevelopingHumanTalent..................O-41.2.1P-CMMObjectives........................................................................O-41.2.2TheMaturityFramework...........................................................O-41.2.2.1BackgroundoftheMaturityFramework..........................O-61.2.2.2PrinciplesUnderlyingtheMaturityFramework.............O-81.2.3AFamilyofMaturityModels...................................................O-102OverviewofthePeopleCMM......................................................................O-132.1DefinitionoftheP-CMMMaturityLevels........................................O-132.1.1Level1-TheInitialLevel.........................................................O-132.1.2Level2-TheRepeatableLevel................................................O-152.1.3Level3-TheDefinedLevel......................................................O-172.1.4Level4-TheManagedLevel...................................................O-182.1.5Level5-TheOptimizingLev