知识管理：成为ELEARNING组织（英文版）

ResearchReport1283-00-CHKnowledgeManagement:BecominganE-LearningOrganizationInformationtechnologycontinuestoplayamajorroleinfacilitatingthegrowthofknowledgemanagementwithintheNewEconomy.However,accordingtoarecentConferenceBoardsurvey,only25percentofrespondentsemployachiefknowledgeofficer,andamere6percentutilizeenterprise-wideKMprograms.Significantknowledgemanagementconcernsremain.Theseinclude:maintainingconfidentiality;satisfyingintellectualpropertyrequirements;achievingthecorrectIT-KMbalance;andthecostsofadditionaltraining.Rewardandrecognitionprogramsareessentialtoanyknowledgemanagementinitiative.Asthevalueplacedonintellectualassetscontinuestogrow,sotoodoestheneedtomeetthenon-salarydemandsofknowledgeworkers.TheConferenceBoardcreatesanddisseminatesknowledgeaboutmanagementandthemarketplacetohelpbusinessesstrengthentheirperformanceandbetterservesociety.Asaglobal,independent,public-purposemembershiporganization,weconductresearch,bringexecutivestogethertolearnfromoneanother,conveneconferences,publishinformationandanalyses,makeforecasts,andassesstrends.Thisdocumentisprintedonrecycledpaper.©2000byTheConferenceBoard,Inc.Allrightsreserved.PrintedintheU.S.A.ISBNNo.0-8237-0732-6TheConferenceBoardandthetorchlogoareregisteredtrademarksofTheConferenceBoard,Inc.TheConferenceBoard,Inc.845ThirdAvenueNewYork,NY10022-6679Tel[phone]Fax[phone]www.conference-board.orgTheConferenceBoardEuropeChausséedeLaHulpe130,box111000Brussels,BelgiumTel3226755405Fax[phone]www.conference-board.org/europe.htmTheConferenceBoardofCanada255SmythRoadOttawa,OntarioK1H-8M7CanadaTel6135263280Fax[phone]www.conferenceboard.caAboutthisReportThisreportisbasedonpresentationsmadeattworecentconferences:The1999ConferenceonKnowledgeManagement,heldinBrusselsonSeptember28-29,1999,sponsoredbyPricewaterhouseCoopers;andThe2000KnowledgeManagementandOrganizationalLearningConference,heldinNewYorkonApril11-12,2000.Speakersincludedinthisreportrepresentthefollowingorganizations:BarnettInternationalCapGeminiAmericaCranfieldUniversitySchoolofManagementLucentTechnologiesRoyalBankofCanadaSabaUCBPharmaWarner-LambertCompanyAcknowledgmentsTheConferenceBoardwouldliketothankPricewaterhouseCoopersforitsgeneroussponsorshipofthe1999KnowledgeManagementConference,heldinBrusselsSept.28-29,1999.Thanksalsoto:DianePalframanandRonaldCowin,programdirectors;PeterDrubinandSamuelPerezIII,productionanddesign;andChuckMitchellandStevenJosselsonfortheireditorialsuggestions.KnowledgeManagement:BecominganE-LearningOrganizationbyToddKulikContents4LearningHighlights:ASummaryofConferencePresenters’KeyPointsTosucceed,corporationswillhavetoincreasinglyvaluetheirownintellectualandhumancapital,andrealizethatknow-howandtalentaretherealsourcesofcompetitiveadvantageandvaluecreation.6IntroductionKnowledgemanagementisplayingakeyroleintheNewEconomy.Unfortunately,theallocationofspecificresourcesremainsaspottyprocessatbest.8ImplementationApproachesIndividualmindsetsinfluenceviewsonknowledgemanagement.Manyofthesedifferences,however,canbereconciledbyprogramsthatdemonstratecredibility,reciprocityandfairness,andacommonpurpose.13KnowledgeManagement—theRightRxThepharmaceuticalindustryisarelativelatecomertotheKMgame.Yetsignifi-cantcostsavingsandgreatlysimplifieddevelopmentprocedureshavealreadybeenachieved,thankstoknowledgemanagement.17BecominganE-LearningOrganizationForward-lookingcompanieshighlightknowledgemanagementandorganizationallearningprogramsaspartofthebenefitspackageofferedtopotentialemployees.Ideas,people,andtechnologyaretheessentialcomponentsoftheseefforts.20LearningandValueCreationKnow-howandtalentaretherealsourcesofcompetitiveadvantage.Asaresult,organizationsarelearningtoplacemorevalueontheirownintellectualandhumanassets.24KnowledgeWorkersasIntellectualAssetsCorporationsalreadyhavemostoftheknowledgetheyneedforsuccess.Knowledgeworkers,byhelpingtransferthisinformationacrosstheorganization,providebottom-linebenefitsandincreasedreturnsoninvestment.WhyisKMImportant:Tosucceed,corporationswillhavetoincreasinglyvaluetheirownintellectualandhumancapital,andrealizethatknow-howandtalentaretherealsourcesofcompetitiveadvantageandvaluecreation.LearningHighlights:KnowledgeManagement:BecominganE-LearningOrganizationTheConferenceBoard5HowWidespreadisKMinBusinessToday?AConferenceBoardsurveyof158largeglobalcorpo-rationsfound80percentofcompaniescurrentlyengageinknowledgemanagementand96percentpredictedtheywoulddosowithinfiveyears.HowKMAddsValue:InaKMframework,acom-pany’sintellectualassetsareexploitedforbottom-linebenefitsanddirectreturnsoninvestment.KnowledgeManagementcan:IncreasecompetitiveadvantageIncreaseproductivityImprovebottom-lineresultsCreatingaFavorableEnvironment:Threecriteriaarenecessary:CredibilitytoencourageemployeeparticipationReciprocityandfairnesstobuildtrustintheprocessAcommonpurposecommitmenttoanswerthe“What’sinitforme?”questionManagement’sRole:ItsroleintheKMprocessistosponsorandinitiatepocketsofgoodpractice,tounderstandhowtheywork,andtocreatenetworksbetweenthem.FirstSteps:Wheninitiatingaknowl