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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 专题42 短文填空—自由填空---三年(2019-2021)中考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)
专题42短文填空—自由填空【2021年】2021年中考真题英语分项汇编专题19短文填空考点3自由填空A(2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题)根据短文内容,在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。Noonecanlivewithoutsleep.Expertsbelievethatsleepis1foodandwater.Goodhealthneedsgoodsleep.Scientistshavefoundthatpeoplewhosleepforlessthan6hoursandahalfatnightaremoreoftenillthanpeople2sleepfor8hours.How3hoursdoyousleepeverynight?Moststudentshavelessthan8hoursofsleepeverynight.Someteacherscomplainthatafewstudentsfeelsleepyorevenfallasleepinclass.Thesestudentscan4concentrate(集中注意力)ontheirstudy.Whyaresomanystudentsshort(缺少)ofsleep?Recently,areporterdidasurveyinNo.21MiddleSchool.Theresultshowsthattherearetwomain5aboutthisproblem.Oneisthatstudentshavetoomuchhomeworkatnight.Somestudentshaveto6uplatetofinishtheirhomeworktill11:00p.m.The7reasonisabouttheuseofInternet.Somestudentsarecrazyaboutplayinggamesonthephones.Manyparentsworryaboutthisproblem.TheMinistryofEducation(教育部)haspaidmoreattention8thisproblemandrequiredthatstudentsinprimaryschoolsshould9atleast10hoursaday,9hoursforjuniorhighand8hoursforseniorhigh.Schoolsareexpectedtogivelesshomeworktostudents10thattheycanhavemoretimetosleep.【答案】1.like2.who3.many4.not/hardly5.reasons6.stay7.other8.to9.sleep10.so【分析】本文是一篇说明文,讨论目前青少年的睡眠时间不够等问题。1.句意:专家认为,睡眠就像食物和水。根据“Noonecanlivewithoutsleep.”可知,睡眠像食物和水一样重要,belike“像”,故填like。2.句意:科学家发现,晚上睡眠少于6个半小时的人比睡眠8个小时的人更容易生病。本句是定语从句,先行词是people指人,引导词在从句中作主语,故填who。3.句意:你每晚睡几个小时?根据“Moststudentshavelessthan8hoursofsleepeverynight.”可知,此处对数量提问,hours是可数名词复数,howmany多少,故填many。4.句意:这些学生不能集中精力学习。根据“Someteacherscomplainthatafewstudentsfeelsleepyorevenfallasleepinclass.”可知,学生不能集中,用not/hardly表示否定,故填not/hardly。5.句意:结果表明,造成这一问题的主要原因有两个。根据“Whyaresomanystudentsshort(缺少)ofsleep?”可知,此处表示“原因”,可用reason表示,此前有two修饰,使用名词复数,故填reasons。6.句意:有些学生不得不熬夜直到晚上11点才完成作业。stayuplate“熬夜很晚”,用于havetodosth短语中,使用动词原形,故填stay。7.句意:另一个原因是关于互联网的使用。根据“Theresultshowsthattherearetwomain…”可知,是两个原因,one…theother…“一个……另一个……”,故填other。8.句意:教育部已经对这个问题给予了更多的关注,要求小学生每天至少睡10小时,初中9小时,高中8小时。payattentionto“关注,注意”,故填to。9.句意:教育部已经对这个问题给予了更多的关注,要求小学生每天至少睡10小时,初中生9小时,高中生8小时。根据“studentsinprimaryschoolsshould…atleast10hoursaday”可知,此处表示“睡觉”,可用sleep表示,should后加动词原形,故填sleep。10.句意:学校希望给学生少布置作业,这样他们就可以有更多的时间睡觉。“theycanhavemoretimetosleep”是目的,sothat“以便,为了”,故填so。B(2021·重庆中考真题)Astudyhasbeendoneatauniversity.Scientistsdividedaclassintotwogroups.Theymadeeachgrouptakenotes11differentways.Thefirstgrouptooknotesbyhand.Thesecondonediditonthecomputer.The12ofthestudywastofindoutwhichmethodwouldhelpthestudentslearnbetter.ThescientiststhoughtGroupTwowouldwin.Buttotheirsurprise,GroupOnedidabetterjob.Sinceyoutakenotesbyhand,sticktoit!Goodnotescan13tolessstress(压力)whentesttimecomesaround.Thenhowcanyouimproveyournote-takingskill?Thefollowingadvicecanhelpyou.Firstly,trytogetyourselfready14classbegins.Befamiliar(熟悉的)withthematerialthatyouaregoingtolearn.Makesureyouhaveyournotebooksandpensonthedesk.Secondly,takenoteswiselywhilelisteninginclass.Manystudentsbecome15takingnotesandtheymayfailtofollowtheteacher.Soitisimportanttoknowwhentotakenotes.Andremembertowritedownthekeywordsanduseshorthand(速记法)ifnecessary.Thirdly,checkyournotesafterclass.Youcanaddsomedetails(细节)yourselffirst.Ifthereisstillsomethingmissing,compareyournoteswith16.Doitwiththosewhotakenotescarefully.Thesecheckswillalso17yourchancesofunderstandingwhatyou’vewritten.Trytheadviceabove.Whenyoucantakenotes18thanbefore,youwillfindyourlessonseasierandmoreenjoyable.【答案】11.in12.purpose13.lead14.before15.busy16.others’17.increase18.better【分析】本文通过一项研究来证明记笔记的好处,本文着重介绍了如何提高记笔记技巧。11.句意:他们让每个小组用不同的方法做笔记。此处表示“用不同的方法”,用介词in表示“用……方法”,故填in。12.句意:这项研究的目的是找出哪种方法能帮助学生更好地学习。根据“tofindoutwhichmethodwouldhelpthestudentslearnbetter”可知,此处介绍这项研究的目的,purpose“目的”,根据“was”可知,此空应填名词的单数形式,故填purpose。13.句意:好的笔记可以减少考试时的压力。根据“Goodnotescan…tolessstress(压力)whentesttimecomesaround”可知,此处表示“导致”,英文表达为leadto,情态动词can后接动词原形,故填lead。14.句意:首先,在上课前做好准备。根据“trytogetyourselfready…classbegins”可知,是在上课前做好准备,故填before。15.句意:许多学生变得忙于记笔记,他们可能不能跟上老师。根据“theymayfailtofollowtheteacher”可知,学生忙着记笔记以至于跟不上老师讲的内容,bebusydoingsth“忙于做某事”,故填busy。16.句意:如果还缺少什么,把你的笔记和别人的进行比较。此处表示把你的笔记和其他人的笔记进行比较,others“其他人”,用名词所有格表示“其他人的笔记”,故填others’。17.句意:这些检查也会增加你理解你所写内容的机会。根据“Thesecheckswillalso…yourchancesofunderstandingwhatyou’vewritten”可知,在检查笔记的过程中,也是增加了理解自己所记的内容的机会,increase“增加”,will后接动词原形,故填increase。18.句意:当你能记笔记比以前更好,你会发现你的课更容易和更愉快。根据“than”可知,此处应填比较级,根据“youwillfindyourlessonseasierandmoreenjoyable”可知,笔记比之前记得更好了,会发现课程很容易,用副词的比较级better修饰动词takenotes,故填better。C(2021·重庆中考真题)Nowadaysweoftenworkasateam.Byleadingagroupofpeoplecanbedifficult.Peoplewantteamleaderstheycantrust.Wouldyouliketobeagoodleader?Here’ssome19foryou.AsktoknowyourteamLearnabouteachpersononyourteam.Youcan’tbeasuccessfulleader20youknowyourteam.Bea“learner”insteadofa“knower”asyoudon’thavealloftheanswers.Trytogetclosetothemby21questions.Forexampleasyoupasssomeone,youcanask,“Hi!Doyouenjoydoingtheseprojects?”or“Doyouhaveanyideasabouthowtodoitbetter?”TalktoyourteamBeasactiveasyoucanwhenyoustaywithyourteam.It’sagoodpracticetotalk22witheveryoneonyourteam.Tellthemwhatyou’rethinkingaboutandwhatnewprojects
本文标题:专题42 短文填空—自由填空---三年(2019-2021)中考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)
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