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安徽大学硕士学位论文我国公共租赁住房融资模式研究姓名:赵鹏申请学位级别:硕士专业:技术经济及管理指导教师:韩东林2010-05I摘要近年来我国房地产市场持续升温,住房价格不断攀升,在创造巨大经济效益的同时,住房市场保障功能滞后的问题也逐渐暴露出来。当前住房问题已成为我国城市社会中昀热门的民生话题,尤其是低收入阶层等弱势群体的住房困难,更是全社会关注的重点。建立健全住房保障体系、保障广大低收入家庭能够住有所居,促进房地产业和谐健康发展,成为各级政府的工作重点和难点。但现行的以廉租房和经济适用房为重点的住房保障体系之外,存在着一群既不符合廉租房申请标准也买不起经济适用房和商品房的夹心层。如何有效解决夹心层的住房困难成为各城市政府面临新的课题。公共租赁住房正是在这样的背景下逐渐兴起并得到快速发展的。住房金融是住房产业发展的加速器和催化器,公共租赁住房项目也不例外。资金是公共租赁住房建设昀基本的保障,也是目前制约公共租赁住房发展的主要瓶颈。由于公共租赁住房具有准公共产品属性和正外部性,经济效益不明显,市场机制在此领域是部分失灵的,必须要有政府干预。但政府也无力单独承担建设公共租赁住房的责任,面对公共租赁住房项目建设庞大的资金需求,各地财政都存在巨大的资金缺口。如何适应城市当前阶段的发展要求、结合公共租赁住房特点,积极探索创新融资模式,多渠道筹集资金、满足其建设需求,成为公共租赁住房健康快速发展亟需解决的关键问题。本文选取公共租赁住房这个当前社会热点问题为研究对象,以公共租赁住房融资模式为核心研究内容,旨在通过对公共租赁住房融资模式的初步梳理和研究,寻找困扰融资的症结所在,并探索破解公共租赁住房建设资金迷局的方向。力求摸索建立具有推广意义的公共租赁住房融资模式,形成政府主导、市场运作、多方参与、利益共享、风险共担的公共租赁住房融资新格局的良好局面。因此本研究对于加速推进我国公共租赁住房发展具有很强的理论意义和现实意义。本文首先介绍了研究背景、研究目的和意义、研究方法和思路,阐述了国内外关于保障性住房融资的研究现状。对公共租赁住房的概念、特征以及发展的必要性;公共租赁住房融资模式的概念、特征及构成要素;以及公共产品理论、项目区分理论和可销售性评估等基本理论进行了深入分析;目的在于为后续的研究II打下坚实的理论基础。然后简要介绍了我国公共租赁住房的发展概况,归纳了目前我国公共租赁住房发展实践中出现的三种主要融资模式:政府财政划拨为主的融资模式、政府专门机构融资模式和投融资平台融资模式,并对各融资模式中的主要融资渠道进行了分析;概括了公共租赁住房融资过程中出现的主要问题;针对问题,挖掘和归纳了其隐藏在背后的主要原因。而后对发达国家或地区保障性住房融资模式进行了介绍,并概括了国外融资模式经验对我国公共租赁住房融资模式发展的几点启示。在上述分析的基础上,结合公共租赁住房融资模式的主要影响因素和发展公共租赁住房融资模式的主要目标和原则,提出了以公共租赁住房投融资平台为核心、政府部门和多重社会力量参与、多种融资方式共同作用、融合ABS模式、PPP模式等先进经验、充分发挥市场机制作用、企业化运作的公共租赁住房融资模式框架;并对公共租赁住房融资模式的要素子系统和环境子系统等两个基本子系统,政府、平台与项目等三个层面的运行机制,以及融资模式必须的支持体系进行了系统分析。昀后是对本研究的结论和展望。关键词:公共租赁住房;融资;融资模式;投融资平台IIIAbstractInrecentyears,Chineserealestatemarketcontinuestoheatup;thepriceofhousingcommodityisrisingconstantly.Housingindustrycreateshugeeconomicbenefits,atthesametime,theproblemsthatthefunctionofhousingsecurityinhousingmarketlagbehindhavegraduallyexposed.Currentlyhousinghasbecomebiggestpeople'swellbeingprobleminurbansociety.Especiallyhousingsecurityofvulnerablegroups,suchaslow-incomeearners,isbeingatopicthatthewholesocietypayingattentionto.Toestablishandimprovehousingsecuritysystem,toprotectalllow-incomefamilieswellaccommodated,andtopromoteaharmoniousandhealthydevelopmentoftherealestateindustryhasbecometoptasksandemphasisinatalllevelsofgovernment.However,thesandwichclassthatdon’tmeettherequirementsforlow-renthouses,norcanaffordcommercialhousingoraffordablehousing,stillnotbelongtohousingsecuritysystem.Howtosolvehousingproblemofthesandwichclassisanewissueforcitiesgovernment.Inthiscontext,Publicrentalhousingisgraduallyrisingandrapidlydeveloping.Housingfinanceareacceleratorsandcatalyticconverterstothehousingindustrydevelopment;publicrentalhousingprojectisnotexcepted.Fundsarethebasicsecuritytopublicrentalhousingconstruction,andthemainbottleneckcurrentlyrestrictingthedevelopmentofpublicrentalhousing.Asthepublicrentalhousinghavepropertiesofquasi-publicgoodsandpositiveexternalities,economicreturnsarenotobvious.Themarketmechanismispartofthefailureinpublicrentalhousingarea,andmustneedgovernmentintervention.Butthegovernmentcan’ttakeresponsibilityfortheconstructionofpublicrentalhousingbyitself.Facedtoahugedemandforfundsinconstructingpublicrentalhousing,thereisabiggapinlocalfinancialauthorities.Howtoadapttodevelopmentrequirementsinthecurrentperiod,combinedwithcharacteristicsofpublicrentalhousing,andactivelyexploreinnovatingfinancingpattern,toraisefundsfrommultiplesourcesandmeettherequirementofpublicrentalhousingconstruction,tobecomethekeyissuesrequiringIVurgentsolvedforhealthyandrapidlydevelopingpublicrentalhousing.Thispaperselectedpublicrentalhousingthatisthecurrentsocialhotissuesastheresearchobject,putpublicrentalhousingfinancingpatternasthecoreresearchcontent.Theaimistofindthecruxoftroubledfinancingthroughinitiallycombingandresearchingpublicrentalhousingfinancing,andexploresthedirectionthatcrackspublicrentalhousingconstructionfundspuzzle.Itseekstoexploreafinancingpatternforpublicrentalhousingthatcanbepromotedinlargescale.Andhelpusformagovernment-led,marketoperation,multi-stakeholderinvolvement,benefitsharing,risk-sharingfinancingpatternofpublicrentalhousing;itwillbeanewpatternofagoodsituation.Firstlythispaperintroducestheresearchbackground,theresearchgoalandsignificance,researchmethodsandclues,elaboratedthedomesticandforeignresearchsituationaboutlow-incomehousingfinancing.Itdeeplyanalyzestheconception,characterandnecessityofpublicrentalhousing,theconception,characterandingredientofpublicrentalhousingfinancingpattern,andpublicgoodstheory,Itemdiscriminationtheory,andmarketabilityevaluate.Theaimistolayasolidtheoreticalbasisforfollow-upresearch.ThenbrieflyintroducedthedevelopmentprofilesofpublicrentalhousinginChina,summedupthreemainfinancingpatternsinpublicrentalhousingdevelopment:financingpatternbasedongovernmentfinancialallocation;governmentspecializedagenciesfinancingpattern;theinvestmentandfinancingplatformfinancingpattern,andanalyzedthemajorfinancingchannelsinthefinancingpatterns.Itsumsupmajorproblemsarisinginthepublicrentalhousingfinancingandsummarizedthemainreasonbehinditsproblems.Thenbrieflyintroducedthedevelopedcountriesorregionsaffordablehousingfinancingpattern,andsummarizedsomeinspirationsintheexperience
本文标题:我国公共租赁住房融资模式研究
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