船舶融资租赁中出租人权利保障之研究

船舶融资租赁中出租人权利保障之研究I摘要本文研究的主要内容是船舶融资租赁中出租人的风险和风险规避的措施，以及完善法律制度以保护出租人权益的建议。基于船舶融资租赁这种融资方式已经被航运企业广泛采用的现实情况，本文将研究的角度放在融资租赁出租人的权利保护和风险防范分析上，并在此基础上为我国融资租赁公司、相关主管机构和融资租赁立法层面采取切实可行的对策提出建议，以吸引国内外融资租赁公司从事船舶融资租赁业务，促进我国航运中心的建设。全文除引言和结论部分外共分为三章进行分析阐述。引言部分简要地指出船舶融资租赁制度发展的背景、选题理论上的合理性、选题的现实意义、本文拟采用的技术路线和研究方法，以及本文研究所要达到的目标。第1章分析融资租赁船舶所有权相关法律规定对出租人权利的影响。首先就船舶所有权归属的相关法律进行分析，其次分析融资租赁中船舶所有权人即出租人的船舶所有权权能所受的限制，最后对现行船舶登记制度在融资租赁方面的缺陷进行分析，并针对上述问题提出出租人风险规避的可行措施。第2章分析融资租赁船舶经营过程中出租人的风险及应对措施。针对船舶经营中可能出现的中途解约、转租赁和造成第三方损害及油污损害问题，分别分析其给融资租赁出租人造成的风险，并提出出租人风险防范的措施。第3章在前两章的基础上分析我国融资租赁出租人可以采取的自我保护措施，以及政府管理和立法层面的对策。其中，出租人自我保护措施包括谨慎订立合同条款和适当投保相关保险；政府管理的对策分析的是完善我国船舶登记制度；立法层面的对策分析的是我国参考相关公约和外国法尽早我国融资租赁法的完善。结论部分总括全文，总结论文中所得出的结论。关键词：船舶融资租赁出租人权利风险对策船舶融资租赁中出租人权利保障之研究IIABSTRACTThemaincontentofthisdissertationisabouttheowners’risksinshipfinancing,thecountermeasurestoavoidtherisks,revisionofrelativelawsandimprovementofthelegalsystem.Baseduponthefactthatshipfinancingisbecomingmoreandmorepopularnowadays,thisdissertationfocusesontherightsprotectionandriskpreventionoftheowners.Basedonthat,inordertoattractinvestmentandpromotedevelopmentofshippingindustry,thisdissertationputsforwardsuggestionsontherelevantcountermeasurestobetakenbytheleasingandfinancingenterprises,thegovernment,andthelegislationinstitutionsofChina,.Thisdissertationconsistsoffiveparts,including3chaptersbesidestheprefaceandtheconclusions.Theprefacebrieflyintroducesthebackgroundofshipfinancing,therationalityofthetheory,thepracticalsignificanceofthissubject,themethodandthetechnicalrouteofthedissertationtoadopt,andtheobjectiveofthedissertation.Chapter1analyzestheinfluenceofthelegalsystemonshipfinancingbystudyingthelegalprovisionsofownership,restrictionontheownershipoftheowners/lessor,thedefectintheChineseregistrationsystemofshipfinancingandthenputsforwardrelevantmeasuresforthelessortotaketoavoidtherisks.Chapter2analyzestherisksoflessorasshipownerduringtheperiodoflease,andthemeasurestoavoidthem.Itfocusesonthepossibilitiesofprematureterminationofcontract,sub-lease,tortiousliabilitytothethirdpartyorforoilpollutionliability.Then,onbasisofthat,itsummarizesthefeasibilityanalysisofavoidingrisks.Chapter3analyzesthecountermeasuresthatshouldbetakenfromthestandpointofthelessor,thegovernmentandthelegislationinstitutions.Thelessor’scountermeasuresincludecarefulconclusionofcontractandfullcommercialinsurance.Inthepartofthegovernment’scountermeasures,itanalyzesthosecountermeasuresrelatingtotheregistrationsystemandtax船舶融资租赁中出租人权利保障之研究IIIstructureofshipfinancing.ThecountermeasuresoflegislationinstitutionsistoimprovetheChineselegalsystemasperrelevantinternationalconventions.Thelastpartsummarizestheconclusionsofthewholedissertation.KEYWORDS:shippingfinancelease;lessor;rights;risk;countermeasureSunHang(InternationalLaw-MaritimeLaw)DirectedbyProfessorHuZhengliang船舶融资租赁中出租人权利保障之研究I目录摘要....................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT........................................................................................................................II目录....................................................................................................................................I引言...................................................................................................................................1第1章船舶融资租赁出租人所有权的特殊风险与防范.................................................31.1融资租赁船舶所有权的归属..................................................................................31.1.1船舶所有权应归属出租人..............................................................................................31.1.2融资租赁船舶所有权的共有问题..................................................................................41.1.3融资租赁期届满后船舶所有权的转移..........................................................................61.2融资租赁出租人船舶所有权的权能限制.............................................................71.2.1船舶优先权对融资租赁出租人的限制及应对..............................................................81.2.2船舶留置权对融资租赁出租人的限制及应对..............................................................91.3融资租赁船舶的登记漏洞及对策........................................................................101.3.1采用光船租赁登记方式登记融资租赁的漏洞............................................................111.3.2船舶融资租赁登记的建议............................................................................................12第2章融资租赁船舶的经营中出租人的风险和规避方法...........................................142.1中途解除船舶融资租赁合同的风险及应对.......................................................142.1.1融资租赁合同因卖方违约而解除.................................................................................142.1.2融资租赁合同因承租人违约而解除.............................................................................162.1.3其他法定解约事项对于融资租赁合同的效力............................................................172.2融资租赁船舶转租以及转租给出租人带来的风险研究...................................192.2.1转租赁各方的关系及权利义务....................................................................................192.2.2转租赁情况下出租人的风险及防范..