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《》()200951987~2004。FDI、。FDI“”“U”“”。、。、30。2007,GDP3.3,、;,7.1,,(,2007)。,。209010,,GDP,(《》)。,,。(2007),,,70%。,。,1996~2006,GDP(,)54%40%(1)。。,。,,55%~65%(Gollin,2002),,(2)。,。1010,197832,2007,1.2,,(CIA,2007)。(Stolper-Samuelson),,*———□*(:70873022)、(:09ZS11)、(:06JC790012)、(:B101),、,,。。1:1987~1995HsuehLi(1999);1996~2003、2005~2006《》;,2004①。40424446485052545658601987198919911993199519971999200120032005 %25--2:UnitedNationsStatistics。。,。,,②。、,。、,(BentolinaandSaint-Paul,2003)。,,。Kaldor(1961)“”。CD,,“”,(CobbandDouglas,1928;Solow,1958;Kravis,1959)③。Gollin(2002),(self-employ-ment),,CD。,(la-bor-augmenting),。(bal-ancedgrowthpath),“”(Acemoglu,2000;BentolinaandSaint-Paul,2003)。,“Kaldor”。,,2080。Blanchard(1997),,1(CD),,。,,(capital-augmenting)。,;(transitionpath),,(Acemoglu,2000)。,。,,,。,(),(Blan-chard,1997;Acemoglu,2000,2002;BentolinaandSaint-Paul,2003;Kessing,2003)。,。。,,,“Kaldor”(aggregate),“Kuznets”(Kongsamutetal.,2001)。AcemogluGuerrieri(2006),。Zuleta(2007)、ZuletaYoung(2007),。。Blanchard(1997)“”(FPE),。,Harrison(2002),。,,“”(bar-gainingpower),,。,2090,。,,“”(MinamiandHondai,1995)。,(,2006;,2009),“”?(2008)·26--《》()20095,,。,。(2008),(factor)。(2008),。,,3:,;(simultaneity),(SEM)(3SLS),;,,(heterogeneity)。:;;;。、、,,。BentolinaSaint-Paul(2003)OECD,,,。SK(K/Y)(Ls),,3:(K/Y,Ls)“”(movementoff)SK;(K/Y,Ls)SK“”(movementalong);SK“”(shift)。,,,,:(1)(1):i、t;;φ[(K/Y)it,SFit]。,:(2)(3)(1),,:。(4):i(=1……29)();t(=1987……2004);ε。Ls()。《》,GDP、、4。“”(%),。,(,2008),,,“GDP”(%)。,K/Y()(K/Y,Ls)“”,,,。BentolinaSaint-Paul(2003)OECD,。Diwan(2000)135,,。SFSK“”,(Techpg)。BentolinaSaint-Paul(2003)(TFP),OECD,。Guscina(2006)181960~2000,GDPGDP。,。,“”,GDP,。MO(K/Y,Ls)“”SK,,。],)[()( SFYKMOLsjf⋅=)( MOf27--1。Harrison(2002)1960~1997100,(、FDI),“”。Guscina(2006),,“”。Diwan(2000,2001),。,FDIGDP(%)、GDP(%),GDP(%)。,Fdi、ExptTra。(Incml)。LeeJayadev(2005)、Jayadev(2007)GDP,。DaudeyGarcia-Pe-nalosa(2007),,,()。“Kuznets”,,,。(2009),“U”,。,GDP(1987),;,GDP(Incsqr),“U”。。Azmat(2007)OECD,,“”(networkindustry)。,,,。,(%),,Nonsoe。。Diwan(2000),,。Harrison(2002)。LeeJayadev(2005)、Jayadev(2007),,。。,GDP(%),,GovexpGovcon。。,。Diwan(2000)“”,,,。GDP(%)(%),,TerindEmprural。Diwan(2000)。:,,;,。,,Hucap。1,1。、,(4):(5):1.,,;2.1。·28--《》()20095(FdiExpt),(simultaneous),FDI:(6)(7):CvfCvelnLs、lnEx-ptlnFdi;μν。(5)、(6)(7)(SEM),(3SLS)。,(rank),(3SLS)(2SLS)(Wooldridge,2002)。,29(N),18(T)。TN,GMM。2,:,GMM,GMM,29,;,GMM。,(5),(6)(7),lnLs,。2,(1)、(i)(I)。FDI((1))。,“”,,,“”,④。,。,2。,,。,。“”,。,FDI,“”。,;,。,,FDI。,1994~2004,,42%(PrasadandWei,2005)。,Xiao(2004),FDI,“”(round-trippingFDI)。“”,,(motivation)。FDI((i))。,FDI。,,。NayakDev(2003),,FDI,()。((1))。Stolper-Samuelson,,,。,2。,。1990,,20%50%。,FDI。,。2:1986,;1986~1995,;1996,。,。,,。,(sophistication)(Rodrik,2006;Schott;2006;Xu,2007),,“GDP”。,,,。,。,29--((I)),。((1))。,。,GDP(1987)1%,0.13%。,1996~2004,GDP(1987)114%,15%。,。,2:,,,;,,,,,,。,,(2009)。,(DaudeyandGarcia-Penalosa,2007),,。((1))。(2008)。,,2。,,,“”。(2009),,,。,,,,,(,2007)。((1))。GDP,(2008)。,。,。,。,:(8)(8):σ;η,-0.75~-0.15(Hamermesh,1993)。,0.14,Ls0.531。,η=-0.75。,0.94(1),。((1))。,1%,0.14%。,。,。,。,1999,19%,14%(《2007》)。,,(Woo,1994)。,,。10,,,,。、,3。:“U”?,GDP,2:1.a“”,b“、”,c“”,d“、、”,e“”;2.I、II、III、IV“”、、、。·30--《》()20095,?,?“U”,GDP(lnIncsqr),2(2)。,lnIncml,lnIncsqr,“U”。:,,;,,,。,lnIncml8.2[=2.41/(0.147×2)],。:;,;;。GDP,53%61%,2(3)、(4)。,(1)、(2)。3:,“U”,lnIncml8.6[=2.27/(0.132×2)],;,lnTechpg,,;,lnHucap,,。。,,、FDI,3。,23,3。,,。,,,。,,。2080,“”、“、、”、“”“”⑤。,,。,,。,,。,。,⑥。,“U”,。3,9.4[=0.79/(2×0.042)]9.7[=1.07/(2×0.055)]。,3,,。,,。,GDP6634(=e(8.2+9.4)/2,1987),2004,257593112;,GDP9414(=e(8.6+9.7)/2,1987),2004,365534416。,2007,GDP167432023(2004),“U”。,(2009),“”GDP3000(2000)。,20042000,,,。23,FDI、。,3。:2(1),316.9%;3(1),38.5%。,12.7%,13%。,FDI、31996。31--1:1.,,,;2.(2004),2005,;3.、,。、1987~2004,。,,(3)。FDI,。,,,。,,,,,。,。,。,。,2090,,(、,2006),。,,,。“U”,,“U”。,,,“”,。,,。,。,。,1⑦,。,。。FDI、3:1.323;2.;3.“-?”、“+?”、“?”,“()”、“()”、“”;4.“”“U”。·32--《》()200952FDI、:1.*、**、***10%、5%1%;2.;3.rdumy;4.ydumy。,。FDI,“”;,“”,;,。,,:,FDI,,;,,;,“”。,、,。①HsuehLi(1999)19521995,,《》。②(2008)“”,。③CD,。④FDI。。,(green-fieldinvestment),(LuoandZhang,2008)。“”(pecu-niaryspillover)(Fosfurietal.,2001)。,(Zhao,2001,2002;Liuetal.,2004),。“”。,,、、,(Liuetal.,2004)。⑤2006,“”、“、”、“”“、、”。⑥,,,,。,GDP(Govcon),(Emprural),,。⑦(2008)。,(2002),,。(1)、、:《》,《》,20088。(2)、、:《GDPU》,《》,20091。(3)、:《FDI:》,《》,20063。33--3FDI、:1.*、**、***10%、5%1%;2.;3.rdumy;4.ydumy。(4)、:《》,《》,20076。(5)、:《“”:、》,《》,20076。(6):《“”:》,《》,200811。(7):《GDP》,《》,2006814。(8)、:《》,《》,20082。(9):《:1978~1999》,《》,20023。(10)Acemoglu,D.,2000,“Labor-andCapital-AugmentingTechnicalChange”,NBERWorkingPaper,No.7544.(11)Acemoglu,D.,2002,“DirectedTechnicalChange”,Re-viewofEconomicStudies,69(4),pp.781~809.(12)Acemoglu,D.andGuerrieri,V.,2006,“CapitalDeep-eningandNon-balancedEconomicGrowth”,NBERWorkingPa-per,No.12475.(13)Azmat,G.,Manning,A.andReenen,J.V.,2007,“Pri-vatization,EntryRegulationandtheDeclineofLabor’sShareofGDP:ACross-CountryAnalysisoftheNetworkIndustries”,CEPDiscussionPaper,No806,June.(14)Bentolina,S.andSaint-Paul,G.,2003,“ExplainingMove-mentsinLaborShare”,Contribu-tionstoMacroeconomics,3(1),Arti-cle9.(15)Blanchard,O.,1997,
本文标题:劳动收入占比下降的经济学解释
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