定语从句关系代词关系副词的用法

定语从句关系代词关系副词关系代词关系副词起连词作用，本身又作从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语即起连接作用，本身又在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语who,whom(…的人）whose(某人的…）which(…东西，指物)that(…的人或物，指物或人）as(象…那样的，和…相同，正如)when(…的时候，修饰的时间名词)where(…的地方修饰场所、方位等名词)why(…原因；…理由)定语从句例句解析：关系代词请看下面例句：(1)Thegirlwho/thatisstandingthereisMary.(who,that指人，在从句中作主语）(2)Theman(whom/who/that)mymothersawinthestreetismyteacher.(whom,who,that指人，在从句中作宾语，也可省略)(3)Thebookwhich/thattellsusabouttheearthisinteresting.(which,that指物，在从句中作主语,不可省略)(4)Thebuilding(which/that)hereferredtoisbeautiful.(which,that指物，在从句中作宾语，可省略）(5)Shelivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.(whose指物，在从句中作windows的定语）(6)ThecompanywillemployapersonwhoseEnglishisgood.(whose在从句中指人，作定语)Whose即可指人，也可指物，是所有格，在从句中作定语，指物时可与ofwhich互换。关系副词(7)I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.(when指时间，在从句中做时间状语)(8)Iwon’tforgetthefactorywheremyfatherworked.(where指地点，在从句中作地点状语)(9)Tellmethereasonwhyyoucamelate.(why表示原因，在从句中作原因状语)(1)that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which。定语从句注意以下点：①当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时，如：a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.②先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时：I’vereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。a.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.b.It’sthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时a.Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.b.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.⑤先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。a.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?b.Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?c.Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?⑥当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.⑦当关系代词在从句中作表语时：Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.定语从句中的“特殊关系代词”:as用于thesame…as…,such…as…，as…as…,so…as…中，as引导的定语从句常采用省略形式。这种用法中的关系代词as在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或状语。如：①Ihavethesamebookasyou(have).②Heisofthesameageasyou(are).③Ihaveneverseensuchalazymanasyou.④Takeasmanyasyouwant.⑤Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift.⑥Thisissuchabookaswasgiventome.反馈练习1.Thedoctor______shesentherfriendisveryfamous.A.towhomB.towhoseC.whomD.atwhom2.Shehasn'tgotenoughmoney________tobuytherings.A.forwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.whichAB3.TheSecondWorldWar______millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.onwhichB.whereC.inthatD.duringwhich4.Doyouknowthereason_______shegotsoangryyesterday?A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.forwhyDA5.Is______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A.thisschoolwhereB.thisschooloneC.thistheschoolD.thisschool6.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.IthinkwhichisBA