状语从句课件讲解和练习

状语从句状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句1.时间状语从句1)由连词when,while,as,assoonas,before,after,since,till/until等引导。•主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来Iwilltellhimwhenhecomesback.2)while,when,as辨析While引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时发生。从句动词常是延续性的When既可以指一个时间点,也可以是一段时间，可表示主从句的动作同时或先后发生。从句动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。As强调主句﹑从句动作相并发生,译为”一边…一边…”Whenhereturned,hiswifewascooking.Whilehewasreading,hiswifewascooking.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.对比训练1____heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy____Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3.____achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as另外,when/while还作并列连词,连接并列分句,while表示“而,可是”如:IlikereadingwhilemywifeenjoyswatchingTV.when表示“就在这时”在下列结构中，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。1.beabouttodo…when…2.bedoing…when…3.haddone…when…e.g.Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.Iwasplayingcomputergameswhenmomcamein.while的用法小结：①WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)②Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while③WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=___________)whenalthoughbutWewereabouttoleave____itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,____,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition____thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during3)until/till(不用于句首)“延续的动词（肯定式）+until”表示“直到…为止”Iwaitedforhimuntilhecameback.“非延续性动词（否定式）+until”表示“直到┅才”Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhiswork.Notuntilhesawithimselfdidhebelieveit.注意:notuntil在句首时要倒装4)表示“一…就…”的句型(1)assoonas,once,themoment/minute/second,immediately/directly/instantlyAssoonashecomes,I’lltellhim.ThemomentIsawhim,Irecognizedhim.Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck5.(2)on/upondoing/on(upon)one’s+nOnarrivingatthestation,thethiefwasarrested.OnhisarrivalinParis,hewasrecognizedasafamousperson.5)Everytime,eachtime等也可以引导时间状语从句EverytimeIcaughtacold,Ihadpaininmyhead.(3)nosooner…than/hardly…when/scarcely…whenNosoonerhadtheyreachedhomethanitstartedtorain.HardlyhadIenteredtheroomwhenthetelephonerang.连接词before的小结：1.Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.2.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.4.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.“……才”“不到……就”“还没来得及”Itwillbealongtimebefore…Itwon’tbelongbefore…Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincesbdidsth.一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。如：Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。Wehavebeenmissingthemsincetheylefthere自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们。二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结束时算起”。如：Ihaven’theardanynoisesinceIslept.Sleep为持续性动词，sleep的动作结束时，即“醒来”时，这句应译为“我醒后还未听到任何声音”。JohnisnowwithhisparentsinNewYork,itisalreadythreeyearssincehewasateacher约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约，他不当教师已经三年了。HowlongisitsinceyoulivedinShanghai?你离开（没住在）上海多久了延续性；不…多长时间了ItishalfamonthsincehewasaLeaguemember.他退团（不当团员）半个月了。It’sbeenquitesometimesinceIwaslastinLondon我离开伦敦已很长时间了。比较：HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信。（从句谓语为状态动词）HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.自从我生病以来，他就屡次给我写信。（从句谓语为终止性动词）’llletyouknow____hecomesback.A.beforeB.becauseC.assoonasD.althoughItisabouttenyears_____Imetyoulast.A.sinceB.forB.C.whenD.as____wegottothestation,thetrainhadleftalready.A.IfB.UnlessC.SinceD.WhenWedidn’tgohome_____wefinishedthework.A.sinceB.untilC.becauseD.though.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal______afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.whileItwasnot______shetookoffherdarkglasses______Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;thenScientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.wheWhydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?Herushedoutoftheroom____Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.UnlessDidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once2.让步状语从句引导词有：although,though,evenif/though,as,while（尽管）whether…or…(无论…还是…),whoever=nomatterwhowhenever=nomatterwhenwhatever=nomatterwhatwherever=nomatterwherehowever=nomatterhow1)as引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为：形容词/副词/名词（不带冠词）/动词（原形）+主语+谓语Youngasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Ican’taffordit.Farmerasheis,heiswell-educated.TryasImight,Icouldn’tliftthestone.2）although不倒装，though可倒装也可不倒装,as必须倒装Although/Thoughhewasillhedidn’tstopworking.3）nomatter+疑问句引导让步状语从句Nomatterwhathappened,heshouldn’tmind.=Whateverhappened,heshouldn’tmind.Nomatterwhoyouare,youshouldobeythesocialrules.=Whoeveryouare,youshould…4)whether…orWhetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.whether…or…不管…还是…a.Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.B.Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecost.A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．wherever对比训练31.Child____sheis,sheknowalot.2.Hedidtheexperiment____hewastold.3.Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper,butnot____good.A.duringB.asC.soD.thoughE.bothBandC3.地点状语从句引导词有:where,wherever注意：不要混同于where引导的定语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句，从句前有一个表示地点的名词。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.(有志者，事竟成）I’llfollowyouw