6Sigma在混凝土质量改善中的应用研究

摘要I摘要在建筑工程中，混凝土的主导地位不断增强，对建筑物的成本及质量起着决定性的作用，但由于混凝土性能问题引发的建筑质量问题却屡见不鲜。6Sigma作为当今比较流行的质量改进方法在许多行业得到了不同的应用，于是本文在6Sigma管理法中DMAIC改善模型基础上构建了混凝土-POE模型及改善流程，并对混凝土抗压强度进行改善和控制，对提高混凝土质量、企业形象以及降低建筑成本具有重大的现实意义。本文首先论述了6Sigma国内外的应用以及研究情况，并对6Sigma相关管理理论进行了详细的介绍，接着应用本文构建的混凝土-POE模型及改善流程对安徽X建筑股份有限公司Y项目部混凝土抗压强度改善及控制。在实施准备阶段分析了项目目前混凝土的情况，收集了相关强度数据，并对强度数据从受控状态及过程性能两方面分析目前混凝土的实际控制状况；在优化阶段，主要是利用因果图分析了强度影响因素，并应用MINITAB软件对抗压强度重要影响因素进行了全析因分析，分析出影响混凝土抗压强度的关键影响因素，提出改善方案；最后对实施方案的结果进行控制及财务效益评估。从经济效果分析结果来看，利用DMAIC构建的混凝土-POE模型及改善流程图运用于该项目部取得了明显的效果。解决了混凝土抗压强度不稳定、强度值过高、达不到标准等一系列问题，并为项目整个周期节约了一百多万的成本费用。本文将理论紧密的与实际应用联系在了一起，为更好地解决其它建筑工程实践中遇到的问题提供了一套切实可行的方法。关键词6Sigma；混凝土抗压强度；DMAIC；析因设计AbstractsIIAbstractInconstruction,thegrowingdominanceofconcreteonthebuildingcostandqualityplayadecisiverole,butbecauseofconcretequalityproblemscausedbytheconstructionofqualityproblemsarenotuncommon.6Sigmahasbeendifferentapplicationsinmanyindustriesasaqualityimprovementoftoday'smorepopularmethod.Sothispaper，aconcrete-POEisbuiltonthebasisoftheDMAICimprovementmodelof6SigmaManagementandtoimprovetheflow,andimprovementofconcretecompressivestrengthandcontrol,toimprovetheconcretequality,corporateimageandreducethecostofconstructionisofgreatpracticalsignificance.Thispaperfocusesontheapplicationandresearchsituationhomeandabroadandithasadetailedanalysisonsomerelatedmanagementtheoriesin6Sigma.theconcrete-POEmodelisusedtoimprovethecompressivestrengthofconcreteandcontrolintheprocessXConstructionCo.LtdofAnhuiProvinceMinistryofYprojects.Intheimplementationoftheprojectpreparationphaseanalysisofthepresentconcretesituation,tocollecttherelevantstrengthdata,andintensitydatafromthecontrolledprocessperformancebothstateandanalyzethecurrentstatusofdefactocontrolofconcrete.Intheoptimizationstage,mainlytheuseofcauseandeffectdiagramanalysisofthefactorsinfluencingthestrengthandtheapplicationofMINITABsoftware,animportantinfluencefactorsonthecompressivestrengthofafullfactorialanalysis,analyzetheinfluenceofconcretecompressivestrengthofthekeyfactorstoimprovetheprogram.Finally,controltheresultsoftheprogramandassessesfinancialbenefit.Fromtheanalysisofitseconomiceffects,theapplicationofconcrete-POEimprovementmodelhasbroughtobviousresults.Italsosolvesaseriesofproblemsliketheinstabilityofconcretecompressivestrength,highintensityvalue,notbeinguptothestandardandsoon.Anditsavestheprojectoveronemillioncostduringawholecycle.Thispapercloselyconnectstheorieswithpracticalapplications,anditprovidesasetofapplicablemethodstobettersolveotherproblemsmetintheconstructionpractice.KeyWords6Sigma;compressivestrengthofconcrete;DMAIC;factorialdesign目录I目录摘要......................................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................................II目录......................................................................................................................................IContents................................................................................................................................III第1章绪论...........................................................................................................................11.1研究背景.......................................................................................................................11.2研究的目的和意义......................................................................................................21.3国内外研究概况回顾...................................................................................................21.3.1国外6Sigma应用概况及趋势..............................................................................21.3.2国内6Sigma应用情况及趋势..............................................................................31.4本文的研究思路及主要研究方法..............................................................................51.4.1研究思路................................................................................................................51.4.2主要研究方法........................................................................................................61.4.3本文主要创新点....................................................................................................7第2章6Sigma概述..............................................................................................................82.16Sigma的兴起与发展..................................................................................................82.1.16Sigma的兴起.......................................................................................................82.1.26Sigma的发展.......................................................................................................92.1.26Sigma推行的意义............................................................................................................92.26Sigma的含义............................................................................................................102.2.1品质管理.........