工业工程知识系列Ch6 MODAPTS

MODAPTSModularArrangementofPredeterminedTimeStandardsPredeterminedtimesystemsStepsHowtobeusedClassesofmotionsAllowancesExercises(From:InternationalMODAPTSAssociation,Inc.Kalamazoo,MI)PredeterminedTimeSystemsTechniquesforstudyingworkmethodsWorkisdividedintomicroelementsthatarestandardinanyactivityThesemicroelementsarerepresentedbysymbols.NotethatinMTMsystemthesesymbolsarecalledtherbligs.StepsDetermineallthesymbolsinaworkprocessAssignstandardtimevaluestoeachmicromovementTotalupthetimestofindtotaltime/task(Assumingadditivityandindependence)HowtobeusedDetermineanefficientworkmethodDeterminethetime/unitforanefficientworkmethodMODAPTSusesmodules(MOD)toexpressunitsofhumanphysicalwork(“normal”time-donebyqualified,thoroughlyexperiencedemployee)1MOD=.129sec.1sec.=7.75MOD1MOD=.00215min.1min.=465MOD1MOD=.000036hr.1hr.=27933MOD(Standardtimewithnoallowances)MODAPTScodesTypeofactivity+TimetocompleteM3P2,W5,etc.MODAPTSClassesofMotionsMovementDonebythefinger-hand-arm-shouldertrunksystemRequiredtopositionapartofthearmtoperformtheTerminalactivitiesTerminalActivities(GETandPUT)DoneattheendofamovementIncloseproximitytothethingsbeingworkedonAuxiliaryActivitiesWalking,bending,inspection,deciding,etc.MovementMovementsandterminalactivitiestakeplaceinpairs.MovementfirstthenterminalactivitiesMovetoget,movetoputExamples:M3GO(movetotouch)Movementactivitiesareclassifiedby:DistancemovedBodypartrequiredtoperformthemoveLight/smallobjectsvs.heavy/largeobjectsLargeobjects:16”x16”x16”Heavyobjects:over18lbs.AwardthelowestcategorythatispossibletosuccessfullycompletetheactivityMovement(cont.)Finger1MODHand2MODsForearm3MODsArm4MODsExtendedArm5MODs1”2”6”12”18”MoveswithSmall/LightObjectsTypeMovementMODsDistancesFinger(M1)Knuckle11”Hand(M2)Wrist22”Forearm(M3)Elbow36”WholeArm(M4)Shoulderdirectlyforward,perhapsbodyassistance412”ExtendedArm(M5)Shoulderfullyleft,right,oracrossthebody518”Trunk(M7)Shoulderinvolvingthebodytrunk730”Note:Bodyassistancemeanstorequirethebodytobendslightly(simultaneouslywithMove).Itincreasesdistancesnottime.ExamplesM1MovementsRubyourthumbandindexfingertogetherDepressingkeys–M1P0Squeezingtrigger–M1P0M2MovementsFollowingabodymove:5xW5,M2G1Positioningofawasher:M4G3M2P5M3MovementsTurningoverthepageDrawafreehandlineapproximately6incheslongHowabouthalfaninchlong?M4MovementsAnimaginary45degreeconeMoveforward18”(insidethecone)Examples(cont.)M5MovementsOutsideimaginary45degreeconeReachinguptoanobjectfromahighshelf–M5P2Movinganobjectacrossthebody–M5P0M7MovementsFullyup,down,oracrossthebody(hingedatthewaist)PickingupobjectsfromthefloorM7G1M7P0ExercisesHandmovesaretypically______inchesWholearmmoveforward15”_______Handturnsanutdown______Reachtothefloorwhilestanding______Usingapenorpencilperformthefollowingandprovidethecorrectcode:CarrytheobjectfromI-10toJ-10_______Turnyourwristtoviewthebottomoftheobject________CarrytheobjecttoimaginarypointH-20_______ReturntheobjecttoG-16_______CarrytheobjecttoK-1_______MoveswithLarge/HeavyObjectsWeightLimitMaximumDistanceForLargeObjectOnly2”6”12”18”24”35”39”ONE0-2lbM2M3M4M5M7M7M7HAND2-9lbM3M3M4M5M7M7M79-18lbM4M4M4M5M7M7M7TWO18-35lbM4M4M4M4M4M5M7HAND35-136lbM7M7M7M7M7M7M7ExercisesOnehandMovea14lb.box14”________Movea18lb.box3”_________TwohandsMovea100lb.box6”_________Movea40lb.box34”_________Movea30lb.box10”_________TerminalActivitiesPUTandGETmustbejoinedtoamoveInfluencedby:Muscularcontrol:precisionVisualcontrol:eyeactionMentalcontrol:mentaldecisionLowconsciouscontrol(G0,G1,P0)AutomaticresponseLittlemuscularcontrol,novisualormentalcontrolHighconsciouscontrol(P2,P5,G3)Whatisdoneattheendofmove?TerminalActivities(cont.)TypeConsciousControlDescriptionHigh*LowG0XTouchonlyG1XPickupeasyobjectP0XNoconsciousG3XPickupflatobject,orobjectsinabin,hardtopickupobjectP2XRequiresonefeedback**(information)P5XRequirestwofeedbacks*Employeesarerequiredtofollowanactivitythroughtheend,usingtheireyes**Providedbytheemployee’seyesTerminalActivities(cont.)Foreachactivitybelow,isithighorlowconscious?Pickupapencilfromanuncluttereddesk.________Pickupastraightpinfromanuncluttereddesk.________Pickupamatchfromamatchbox._______Putyourpencilpointexactlyontheperiodatthissentenceend._________Putyourpencilanywhereonthispage._________SimultaneousActivitiesAlwaysuseanM2toprecedethesecondhighconsciouscontrolactivityLefthand-----movement--HighcontrolactivityatendRighthand----simo-movement---wait----M2moveHighcontrolactivityatendBothlowconsciouscontrol:recordthehighesttotalMODOnelow,onehighconsciouscontrol:recordonthetotalhighconsciouscontrolactivityMODvalueBothhighconsciouscontrol:sumofMODvaluesfrombothhandsExampleLeftHandRightHandTotalMODs1IndependentSimultaneousM3P2M3P2M3P5M2P513122IndependentSimultaneousM4G3M4P2M4G3M4P2M4G3M4P2M2G3M2P226223IndependentSimultaneousM4G1M4P2M4G1M4P2M4G3M4P5M4G3M2P52720GETwithSmall/LightObjectsG0:Contactget(touching)CountingsmallchangelyingonthecounterDepressbutton-M4G0M1P0Pushbox–M4G0M4P0G1:Simplegraspget(closingfingersaroundobjects)Pickupraisedobject–M4G1Gra