基于供需视角的常州粮食安全评价

1论文摘要粮食安全问题既是关系国计民生的全国性问题，也是影响社会发展和稳定的区域性问题，在粮食主销区尤为如此。常州地区的粮食供应产不足需，粮食供需缺口达50－70万吨，对外依存度达40%以上，粮食供应安全形势严峻。本文以常州地区的粮食供应安全管理为研究对象，旨在以粮食生产、粮食需求、粮食储存、粮食加工、粮食运输、粮食法制保障的现状为视角，通过查阅大量文献资料、开展问卷调查、实证案例研究，并通过分析粮食部门和统计部门的测算数据，采用层次分析法对常州市粮食安全管理展开评价，力图为保障本地区粮食供应安全提供切实可行的建议措施，也给长江三角洲地区其他粮食主销区提供借鉴参照。本文认为：粮食问题是千百年来人类无法回避的问题，始终是国家的头等大事，粮食安全是实现经济发展、社会稳定和国家安全的重要基础，粮食安全问题具有重大的研究价值。粮食安全的重要指标之一是口粮自给率，口粮自给率达到95%以上可称之为实现粮食安全。而一国能否冲破粮食生产周期的约束，在任何时候保证足够数量的粮食供给，是实现粮食安全的基本条件。常州地区属于主销区，粮食产不足需，需要强大的仓储能力为粮食安全保驾护航，目前的常州仓储能力还存在一定差距。此外，常州市政府粮食储备能力及调控能力均存在不足。由此，必须要做好四个方面的工作以改善常州地区现状，提升粮食供应安全水平。一是提高粮食产量，二是加强储备能力建设，三是健全粮食流通网络，四是推进粮食法治建设，具体每个方面还有相应措施。综合来说，保障粮食供应安全是一个复杂的系统工程，既要顾及粮食的自然属性，又要考虑居民不间断的需求因素，总体说来，提高产量是基础，仓储保管是关键，流通网络是载体，法治建设是保障。关键词：粮食安全；粮食管理；粮食生产；仓储管理；法制保障2ABSTRACTFoodsecurityisamajorproblemofnationaleconomyandpeople'slivelihood.TheshortageofgrainsupplyanddemandinChangzhouareais50-70milliontons,andthedependencedegreeofforeigntradeismorethan40%.Grainsupplysecuritysituationisgrim.ThispapertakesthefoodsupplysafetymanagementinChangzhouastheresearchobject,andaimsatcarryingoutquestionnaireinvestigationandempiricalresearchonthebasisofthecurrentsituationofgrainproduction,graindemand,grainstorage,grainprocessing,graintransportationandgrainlegalprotection.Casestudy,andthroughtheanalysisofthefoodsectorandstatisticaldata,usingAHPanalyticapproachChangzhoufoodsafetymanagementevaluation,inordertoprotectthefoodsecurityintheregiontoprovidepracticalrecommendations,butalsototheYangtzeRiverDeltaregionotherfoodThemainsellingareatoprovidereference.Foodsecurityisanimportantfoundationfortherealizationofeconomicdevelopment,socialstabilityandnationalsecurity.Theissueoffoodsecurityisofgreatresearchvalue.Foodsecurityisanimportantpartofthecountry'sfoodsecurity.Oneoftheimportantindicatorsoffoodsecurityistheself-sufficiencyrateofrations,rationsself-sufficiencyrateof95%ormorecanbecalledtoachievefoodsecurity.Andwhetheracountrycanbreaktheconstraintsofthegrainproductioncycle,atanytimetoensureasufficientnumberoffoodsupply,istoachievefoodsecurity,thebasicconditions.Changzhouareaisthemainsalesarea,foodproductionneeds,needstrongstoragecapacityforfoodsecurityescort,thecurrentstoragecapacityofChangzhoutherearestillsomegaps.Inaddition,theChangzhoumunicipalgovernmentgrainreservescapacityandabilitytocontrolareinadequate.Asaresult,wemustdoagoodjobinfourareastoimprovethestatusquoofChangzhoutoenhancetheleveloffoodsupplysecurity.First,toimprovefoodproduction,thesecondistostrengthenthereservecapacity-building,thethirdistoimprovethegrain3distributionnetwork,thefourthistopromotethebuildingoftheruleoflawinfood,therearespecificaspectsofthecorrespondingmeasures.Tosumup,toensurethesafetyoffoodsupplyisacomplexsystemengineering,itisnecessarytotakeintoaccountthenaturalattributesofgrain,butalsoconsidertheresidentsoftheuninterrupteddemandfactors,ingeneral,increaseproductionisthefoundation,storageisthekey,thedistributionnetworkisCarriers,theruleoflawistoprotectthebuilding.KEYWORDS：GrainSecurity;GrainManagement;GrainProduction;WarehousingManagement;LegalSafeguard4目录第一章绪论...................................................................................................................................1一、研究的目的和意义...........................................................................................................1（一）选题背景...............................................................................................................1（二）研究意义...............................................................................................................1二、相关概念界定...................................................................................................................3（一）粮食安全...............................................................................................................3（二）粮食安全评价.......................................................................................................3三、研究内容与研究方法.......................................................................................................4（一）研究内容...............................................................................................................4（二）研究方法...............................................................................................................6（三）论文框架...............................................................................................................7第二章文献综述及理论概述.......................................................................................................9一、文献综述...........................................................................................................................9（一）国外相关研究综述...............................................................................................9（二）国内相关研究综述.............................................................................................10（三）文献评述.............................................................................................................13二、相关理论概述...............................................................