JJF(新) 108-2023 变压器绕组变形测试仪校准规范

JJF(新)108－2023新疆维吾尔自治区地方计量技术规范JJF（新）108－2023变压器绕组变形测试仪校准规范CalibrationSpecificationforPowerTransformersWindingDeformationTester2023-12-18发布2024-6-18实施新疆维吾尔自治区市场监督管理局发布JJF(新)108－2023变压器绕组变形测试仪校准规范CalibrationSpecificationforPowerTransformersWindingDeformationTester归口单位：新疆维吾尔自治区市场监督管理局主要起草单位：新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院参加起草单位：国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院本规范委托新疆维吾尔自治区电磁计量技术委员会负责解释JJF（新）108—2023JJF(新)108－2023本规范主要起草人：史鹏飞(新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院)倪大志(新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院)罗雪芳(新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院)参加起草人：杨艳霞(新疆维吾尔自治区市场监督审核评价中心)刘卫新(国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院)张晓磊(国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院)陈文涛(国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院)JJF(新)108－2023I目录引言························································································（II）1范围························································································（1）2引用文件··················································································（1）3术语························································································（1）4概述························································································（1）5计量特性··················································································（2）5.1扫频频率················································································（2）5.2衰减幅值················································································（2）5.3端口阻抗················································································（2）6校准条件··················································································（3）6.1环境条件················································································（3）6.2校准所用测量标准及设备···························································（3）7校准项目和校准方法···································································（3）7.1校准项目················································································（3）7.2校准方法················································································（3）8校准结果··················································································（5）9复校时间间隔············································································（6）附录A原始记录参考格式·····························································（7）附录B校准证书内页格式·····························································（8）附录C幅值衰减校准结果不确定度评定···········································（9）附录D频率校准结果不确定度评定···············································（12）JJF(新)108－2023II引言JJF1001-2011《通用计量术语及定义》、JJF1071-2010《国家计量校准规范编写规则》和JJF1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》共同构成本规范制订的基础性系列规范。本规范为首次发布。JJF(新)108－20231变压器绕组变形测试仪校准规范1范围本规范适用于频率响应分析法电力变压器绕组变形测试仪（以下简称测试仪）的校准，不适用于短路阻抗法或其它方法的测试仪的校准。2引用文件本规范引用下列文件：GB/T1094.18-2016电力变压器第18部分：频率响应测量DL/T911-2016电力变压器绕组变形的频率响应分析法凡是注明日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本规范；凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本规范。3术语下列术语适用于本规范。幅值比amplituderatio以对数形式表示不同频率下的响应端电压U2和激励端电压U1的信号幅值之比，用于表征幅频响应曲线H（f）式中：H（f）---频率为f时传递函数的模值，单位为dBU1（f）----频率为f时激励端电压U1的幅值U2（f）----频率为f时响应端电压U2的幅值4概述在较高频率的电压作用下，变压器的每个绕组均可视为一个由线性电阻、电感（互感）、电容等分布参数构成的无源线性双端口网络，其内部特性可通过传递函数H(jω)描述，如图1所示。若绕组发生变形，绕组内部的分布电感、电容等参数必然改变，导致其等效网络传递函数H(jω)的零点和极点发生变化，使网络的频率响应特性发生变21() 20()UfHflgUfJJF(新)108－20232化。用频率响应分析法检测变压器绕组变形，是通过检测变压器各个绕组的幅频响应特性，并对检测结果进行纵向、横向或综合比较，根据幅频响应特性的差异，判断变压器可能发生的绕组变形。变压器绕组的幅频响应特性可采用图1所示的频率扫描方式获得。连续改变外施正弦波激励源Us的频率f(角频率ω=2πf),测量在不同频率下的响应端电压U2和激励测试仪通过检测变压器各个绕组的幅频响应特性，根据幅频响应特性的差异，来判断变压器可能发生的绕组变形。测试仪的工作原理如图1所示。采用频率扫描方式，改变外施正弦波激励源VS的频率f，测量在不同频率下的测量端电压U2和输入端电压U1信号的幅值之比，获得指定输入端和测量端情况下绕组的幅频响应曲线。图1测试仪工作原理5计量特性5.1扫频频率5.1.1测试仪扫频频率输出范围:20Hz～2MHz，可分成若干个频段分别检测。5.1.2测试仪扫频频率输出最大允许误差：±0.1%。5.2衰减幅值5.2.1测试仪动态衰减幅值测量范围:-90dB～20dB。5.2.2测试仪衰减幅值测量最大允许误差:±0.5dB。5.3端口阻抗5.3.1激励端口输出阻抗：50Ω±1Ω5.3.2输入端口输入阻抗：≥1MΩJJF(新)108－202335.3.3测量端口输入阻抗：≥1MΩ注：以上指标不做合格判定依据，仅提供参考。6校准条件6.1环境条件6.1.1环境温度：23℃±5℃；6.1.2环境相对湿度：≤80%；6.1.3电源电压：220V±11V6.1.4电源频率：50Hz±1Hz；6.1.5电源总谐波失真：≤5%。6.1.6校准场所没有可察觉的振动和影响仪器正常工作的电磁干扰。6.2校准所用测量标准及设备6.2.1频率计测量范围：20Hz～2MHz，最大允许误差：±0.1Hz。6.2.2幅度校准装置幅值衰减范围：-90dB～20dB，最大允许误差：±0.2dB。6.2.3数字多用表电阻测量范围1Ω～100MΩ，最大允许误差：±1%。7校准项目和校准方法7.1校准项目校准项目见表1。表1校准项目序号校准项目1扫频频率2衰减幅值3端口阻抗7.2校准方法7.2.1扫频频率校准按图2接线，启动被校测试仪电源，设置被校测试仪频率点，开始频率校准，待示值稳定后，读取频率计显示值，误差按(1)式计算：JJF(新)108－20234xsfsfffAxsAA(1)式中：δf——扫频频率的相对频率偏差；fx——被校测试仪设置频率，kHz；fs——被校测试仪实测频率，kHz。图2频率校准原理图改变被校测试仪频率点，在1kH～1000kHz频率范围内选取不少于10个点进行校准。7.2.2衰减幅值校准按图3接线，启动被校测试仪电源，开始衰减幅值校准。在10kHz、100kHz和1000kHz三个频率点，于被校测试仪衰减幅值测量范围内按照10dB间隔选取校准点。幅值衰减值的误差按(2)计算：(2)式中：δA——测试仪衰减幅值测量误差，dB；Ax——测试仪衰减幅值测量值，dB；As——标准装置衰减幅值设置值，dB。图3幅度校准原理图7.2.3端口阻抗7.2.3.1激励端口的输出阻抗测试仪设定为1kHz输出的单点扫频模式，用数字多用表分别测量信号激励端口在开路和50Ω负载时的电压值，如图4所示。根据公式（3）计算信号激励端口的输出阻抗，输出阻抗的测量结果应符合5.3.1的要求。变压器绕组变形测试仪（激励端口）频率计变压器绕组变形测试仪幅度校准装置激励端口参考端口响应端口JJF(新)108－20235122R()50outUUU……………………………………(3)式中：Rout——激励端口输出阻抗，Ω；U1——空载时电压，V；U2——50Ω阻抗时电压，V。图4输出阻抗校准原理图7.2.3.2输入端口的输入阻抗使用数字多用表的阻抗测量功能直接测量，测量结果应符合5.3.2的要求。7.2.3.3测量端口的输入阻抗使用数字多用表的阻抗测量功能直接测量，测量结果应符合5.3.2的要求。8校准结果变压器绕组变形测试仪校准后，出具校准证书。校准证书至少应包含以下信息：a)标题：“校准证书”；b)实验室名称和地址；c)进行校准的地点（如果与实验室的地址不同）；d)证书的唯一性标识（如编号），每页及总页数的标识；e)客户的名称和地址；f)被校对象的描述和明确标识；g)进行校准的日期，如果与校准结果的有效性和应用有关时，应说明被校对象的接收日期；h)如果与校准结果的有效性应用有关时，应对被校样品的抽样程序进行说明；i)校准所依据的技术规范的标识，包括名称及代号；j)本次校准所用测量标准的溯源性及有效性说明；k)校准环境的描述；l)校准结果及其测量不确定度的说