泛读教程-第三册-Unit-2-课件-答案

EducationSkimmingEducationcostsmoney,butthensodoesignorance.LOGO(1879-1955)ContentsSpeedReadingSpeedTechniquesHowtoSKIMWhentoSKIMWhatisSkimmingReadingSpeedSpeed2007200820092010150300600800SpeedReadingFactorsThatInfluenceReadingRateApassagewithverylongsentencescanmakereadingmoredifficultandwillforceyoutoreadmoreslowlyUnderstandingbecomesdifficultorimpossibleandyourreadingrateisslowComplicatedideasorasophisticatedlineofreasoningTextFactorsSentenceLengthVocab-ularyIdeasandConceptReaderFactorsVocabLevelComprehensionAbilityBackgroundKnowledgeHowmanywordsdoyoudeterminetolearnperday?Coreparts,topic,mainideaanddetailsSchema.ToLearnToKnowToPracticeTechniquesforSpeedReadingSeeingmorethanonewordinasingleeyefixation.Itinvolveswideningyoureyespansothatyoucanseeseveralwordsinonefixation.WhatisPhraseReadingPhraseReadingPhrasereadingisatechniquethatbuildsfluency,aidscomprehension,andimprovesoralreading.TechniquesforSpeedReadingToReadefficientlyyoushouldtrytogetridofbadreadinghabitsandgetintogoodonesStudyingeconomicsisdifficultbecauseitrequirescarefulattentiontofactsandfiguresGroupwordsthatnaturallygotogetherHowtoPhraseReadGroupwordstogetherintomeaningfulunitsPracticephrasereadingpersistentlyYoumayfindittakesseveralweeksofcontinuedpracticetodevelopthehabit.PhraseReadingExampleActually,thecommoncoldisnotassimpleasitseems.Itcanbecausedbyanyof200differentviruses,anditcanbringmiseryineightways:sorethroat,sneezing,runnynosewateryeyes,achesandpains,mildfever,nasalcongestion,andcoughing.KeyWordReadingTVNewsCaption:AirlineHijackingLosAngeles53hostages.FourHijacker.IdentityandPurposeUnknown.Keywordreadinginvolvesskippingovernonessentialwordsandreadingonlythosewordsandphraseswhichcarrytheprimaryorcoremeaningofeachsentence.Keywordreadingidsimilartoreadingatelegram,theheadlineinanewspaper,oranewscaptionwhichisrunningacrossthebottomofatelevisionscreenwhileaprogramisinprogress.ExampleKeywordreadingisanewtechnique.Althoughitisfasterthanmostofthecarefulreadingtechniques,thereadermustexpectadecreaseinfactualcomprehension.Insomesituations,itisworththeloss,dependingonthereader’spurposeandthetypeofmaterialbeingread.Keywordreadingisanewtechnique.Althoughitisfasterthanmostofthecarefulreadingtechniques,thereadermustexpectadecreaseinfactualcomprehension.Insomesituations,itisworththeloss,dependingonthereader’spurposeandthetypeofmaterialbeingread.UsingSentenceStructureUsingGrammaticalStructureUsingTypographicalAidsHowtolocatekeywordsRereadingRereadingestablishedthemechanicalprocessofmorerapideyemovementandgivesyoupreliminarypracticeora“trialrun”withreadingatahigherreadingrate.1.Selectanarticlereadatyournormalspeed.Timeyourself.2.Takeabreak,thenrereadthematerial.Pushyourselftoreadfaster.Timeyourself.Skimmingisthereadingstyleusedbyflexiblereaderswhentheirpurposeistoquicklyobtainageneralideaaboutthereadingmaterial.TheSkimmingstyleismostusefulwhenyouhavetoreadalargeamountofmaterialinashortamountoftime.WhenusingtheSkimmingstyle,youshouldidentifythemainideasineachparagraphandignorethedetailsinsupportivesentences.Becauseyouareonlylookingforthemainideaineachparagraphyouread,alowerlevelofcomprehensionistobeexpectedthanwhenusingtheStudyReadingstyleWhentoSkim?HowtoSkimRules:Eyesfloatdownoverthecontentforkeywords.Payattentiontodirectionwords,too.Steps:1.readthetitle.2.readthefirstparagraphcompletely.3.Readsubheadingsandfirstsentencesofremainingparagraphs.4.Alternatelyreadthebodyofthematerial.5.Ifthefinalparagraphappearstobeasummary,readitcompletely.DemonstrationofSkimmingUsuallythefirstparagraphwillbereadataveragespeedallthewaythrough.Itoftencontainsanintroductionoroverviewofwhatwillbetalkedabout.Sometimes,however,thesecondparagraphcontainstheintroductionoroverview.Inthefirstparagraphtheauthormightjustbe“warmingup”orsayingsthclevertoattractattention.Readingathirdparagraphmaybeunnecessarybut………………..themainideaisusuallycontainedintheopeningsentence…………….topicsentence.Besidesthefirstsentencethereadershouldgetsomebutnotallthedetailfromtherestoftheparagraph………………names……………..dates……………Thistellsyounothing…………hencesometimesthemainideaisinthemiddleorattheendoftheparagraph.Someparagraphsmerelyrepeatideas.Occasionallythemainideacan’tbefoundintheopeningsentence.Thewholeparagraphmustthenberead.Thenleaveoutalotofthenextparagraph……………tomakeuptime…………………Remembertokeepaveryfastrate……………………...…………400w.p.m…………………….Don’tbeafraidtoleaveouthalformoreofeachparagraph………………………Don’tgetinterestedandstarttoreadeverything……………………………….Loweredcomprehensionisexpected………….50%........................nottoolow…………………….Skimmingpracticemakesiteasier……………….gainconfidence……………………….Perhapsyouwon’tgetanythingatallfromafewparagraphs……...………don’tworry…………………Skimminghasmanyuses……………..reports………newspapers…………text…………..exam………Theendingparagraphsmightbereadmorefullyasoftentheycontainasummary.Rememberthattheimportanceofsk