重难点11 语法填空时态和语态-2024年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(原卷版）（新高考专用）

重难点11语法填空时态和语态动词的时态、语态和语气是高考中的重中之重，也是英语句子结构的核心。英语句子的灵动性很大程度上体现在动词的各种变化上，因此谓语动词的时态、语态、语气的运用三位一体，不可分割。在备考过程中应该对谓语动词变化的各种情况都能够了如指掌。可以预测，2024年高考仍然会以考查时态为主，但考查形式会更多地结合语态和语气等形式，越来越侧重在语境中考查动词的时态、语态和语气，所以要求考生首先要掌握时态、语态和语气的基本用法，同时在所设置的语境中根据所给信息进行判断。也就是说，考生应学会通过上下文来确定所用时态、语态和语气。近3年新高考语法填空时态和语态数据分析试卷类型年份主题语境体裁考查内容新高考II卷2023人与自我记叙文动词时态1题；新高考I卷2022人与自然说明文动词时态1题；语态1题；新高考II卷2022人与自我记叙文动词时态2题；新高考I卷2021人与自我记叙文动词时态1题；新高考II卷2021人与自然记叙文动词时态1题；典例一(2023年新高考II卷)WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach…theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe11(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand12(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish13?Notthepandas,eventhough14languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto15(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive16(interview)inEnglishwith典例分析internationaljournalists.Thisis17theyneedanEnglishtrainer.So,whataretheylearning?18(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop19toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I20(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.典例二(2022年新高考I卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).1(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes2sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat3(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority4(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP5(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,6leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate7(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and8(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve9anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies10livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.（建议用时：10分钟/篇）1.（2023·江苏扬州·扬州中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sspaceprojectsetssailfortheseaofstarsTheMengtianlabmodulesuccessfully1(join)theTianhecoremoduleandtheWentianlabmoduleatChina’sspacestationTiangongontheearlymorningofTuesday.Mengtianisthe2(two)labmoduleofthespacestationandthefirstoneisWentianthatwasconnectedwithTianhe3(previous).Withthetwolabmodulesnowdocked(对接)withthecoremodule,theT-shapedstructureofthespacestationhastakenshapeuptonow.Thespacestationhasentereditsfinalconstructionstageas4(plan).Thissmoothprogressshouldbeowedtoscientistsandengineersandallthose5devotionandhardworkhasmadethespacestation6reality.Chinahasneverabandonedits7(ambition)goalofacquiringadvancedspacecapabilitiesandbecomingapioneerintheexplorationofspace,soas8(help)expandourknowledgeoftheuniverse.China’sprideinitsspaceachievementsisalsoanexpressionofthanks9peoplewhohavemadecontributions.Theinsistenceonthespacemissionsbeingwell-prepared,well-organizedandwell-implemented(有效执行)hasbeenthe10(found)onwhichChina’saerospaceindustryhascontinuallyreachednewheights.2.（2023·江苏·江苏省天一中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Toprotecttheoceanandpreventplasticwastepollutingthewater,anItaliancompanyhasinventedRiverCleaning,11seemstobeaperfecttoolforpickinguplitterbeforeitgetsthere.About80percentofoceanwastecomesfrom100ofthe12(large)waterwaysacrosstheworld.So,stoppingwasteatitssourceis13excellentpotentialsolution.However,thecompanyhadtoovercomeseveral14(difficulty)beforeitcouldtestouttheinvention15(proper).Forexample,itsdevicehadtoallowboatstoeasilypassthrough,whilebeingable16(run)24/7withnoimpactontheenvironment.TheresultisRiverCleaning,a100percenteffective,lowcost,lowimpactsolution.Attached17thebedatthebottomoftheriver,RiverCleaningisaseriesofbuoys(浮标)thatpoweredbythe18(nature)flowoftheriver.Ithastheabilitytocollectdifferentkindsofwaste.Sofar,studies19(show)RiverCleaningcancollect85percentofallwastepassingbyit.So,ifitisusedinalltherightplaces,that’supto85percentoftrashpreventedfrom20(enter)flowingintotheocean.3.（2023·江苏扬州·江苏省高邮中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sincethefirstlinein2008,China’shigh-speedrailway21(symbolize)acountry’seconomicpower,andincreasingprosperity.Bytheendof2020,thecountryhadmorethan37,900kmofhigh-speedraillines22service.Chinaisalsoamongthefirstintheworld23(introduce)newtechnologysuchasautonomoustrainoperation.Chinaismostlikelytoconstructthefirstsuper-high-speedrailwayline24allowstrainstot