易错点07 动词的时态和语态（4大陷阱）-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题（原卷版）

易错点07动词的时态和语态目录01易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02举一反三【易错点提醒一】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点【易错点提醒二】一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点【易错点提醒三】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点【易错点提醒四】主动语态与被动语态易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1：一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点。【分析】一般现在时常与always，often，sometimes，usually等连用或通过上下文表示。一般过去时常与时间状语连用，或者通过上下文逻辑意思及动词时态来体现。连用时间状语：lastweek,in2021,3daysago,theotherday,inthepast现在完成时强调对现在造成的结果和影响，通常与时间段连用。连用时间状语：sofar,since,inthepast/last3days,uptonow【高考链接】（2023年浙江卷1月）Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften________(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).易错分析：对一般规则死记硬背，不具体分析句子结构和句意。在时态题中，上下文的时态暗示是重要线索。应当在句中瞻前顾后寻找并列连词and,but,or,ratherthan,or,notonly...butalso...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态。【答案】featured【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合and后动词时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。易错陷阱2：一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点。【分析】一般过去时过去的动作或情况。过去完成时过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。连用时间状语：bytheendof+过去时间，before+过去时间。特殊用法1.下列动词hope、wish、expect、think、intend、mean、suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。2.This/It/Thatwasthefirst/second/third...timethat...表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”，that从句中要用过去完成时。3.hardly...when...和nosooner...than...两个句型中，主句均用过去完成时。易错陷阱3：现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点。【分析】现在完成时连用时间状语sofar,since,inthepast/last3days,uptonow过去完成时过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。即“过去的过去”，句中必须出现表示过去的动作、状态或时间状语。对比Hehasbeenillfortwoweeks。他已经病了两个星期了。Hehadbeenillfortwoweeksbeforeshecameback。在她回来之前，他已经病了两个星期了。易错陷阱4：主动语态和被动语态易混易错点。【分析】受母语干扰，翻译上下文时混淆被动语态与主动语态。混淆谓语动词被动语态构词be+done与非谓语动词重点过去分词done。不及物动词及表示主语品质和状态的动词不用被动语态，如：sell,read,write,lock,wash,drive等。系动词不用被动语态，如：look看起来,smell闻起来,taste尝起来,sound听起来,feel摸起来,prove证明时,turnout结果，证明等。【易错点提醒一】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点【例1】（2023年新高考II卷）Asalittlegirl,I________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.【变式1】(2022年全国高考新高考I卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.【变式2】（广东省湛江市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Thebridge(call)theBachLongsuspensionbridge.Itmeans“WhiteDragon”inVietnamese.【变式3】（广东省六校2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）Pandaconservation,onitsown,_______(be)asuccessuptonow.【易错点提醒二】一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点【例2】（广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三开学试题）Heraisedaglassofwaterandaskedtheaudience,“Howheavydoyouthinkthisglassofwateris?”Thestudents’answers(range)from20gto500g.【变式1】（广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题）NotingChina’sachievementsofgreendevelopmentinurbanandruralareas,ZhangXiaohong,viceministerofhousingandurban-ruraldevelopment,___(stress)thedifficulttaskofsavingenergyandreducingcarbonemissionsinurbanandruralconstructionatapressconferenceonMonday.【变式2】（湖南省百所学校2023-2024学年高三联考试题）SincetheChinesehighlyqualifiedsilk_________(make)itsfametothewesterncountries,themerchantssoughttheopportunityoftradingChinesesilkalongthisrouteandgainedagreatfortune.【变式3】（河北省2023-2024学年高三试题）Infact,thereisaLanzhouBeefNoodlesrestaurantrightdownstairs,whichisabout100yardsfromourBeijingapartment,MynieceKimcametovisitusinBeijingthissummer,andaftervisitingmanyfancyrestaurants,shedeclaredthisbowlofnoodlestobethebestthingshe(eat)inChinaever.【易错点提醒三】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点【例3】（2019年新课标全国卷Ⅱ）IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI_____（make）overtheyears.【变式1】（湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024年高三试题）OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists（promise）toflyas【变式2】（江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年度高三调研试题）ByAug19,HaihuaIsland_____(receive)over1milliontouristsduringthesummervacation.【变式3】（2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）HementionedthattheChinesemarketissignificantforjadeproducts,andhisbusiness(operate)inChinafor10years.【易错点提醒四】主动语态和被动语态易混易错点【例4】（河北省任丘市第一中学2023年高三试题）WudangmartialartsbasedontheTaoistideology(create)byoneofthemostfamousTaoists,namedZhangSanfengintheearlyyearsoftheMingDynasty.【变式1】（2024届辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校一模试题）Today,themodernistcomplex(stock)withsomanyartworksthattheexhibitarenascanshowjustapartofthematatime,makingtheartisticspecialexhibitionsahighlightofanyvisittotheGetty.【变式2】（福建省宁德第一中学2023-2024学年高三检测试题）Thechoiceof“TurretofPalaceMuseum”asthethemefortheminibuildingblockproject(base)onseveralfactors.【变式3】（广东省湛江市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Thereinforcedglass(use)forthebridgecanholdupto450peopleatatime.1.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.2.（2023年广东省佛山市顺德区均安中学高三拉练试题）Anall-timefavoritedishandsymbolofspringtimeinZhejiangisYanDuXian,adelicioussoup(make)withfreshspringbambooshoots,curedporkandfreshpork.3.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地联考试题）DeepinarainforestinHainanprovince,ZhangChenliangpicksupadaddylonglegs(长腿蜘蛛)and(present)ittothecamera,explainingitsfeaturesandlivinghabitsforthebenefitofviewersonashortvideoplatform.4.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地联考试题）Helovedgoingtohisgrandmother’shomeinthecountryside,wherethefields(be)burstingwithvegetablesandreeds(芦苇).5.（2024届辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校一模试题）Workingwithabillion-dollarbudget,hecombinedthemtocr