考点14 阅读理解推理判断之描述人物或事物特征（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考

资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】1考点14阅读理解推理判断之描述人物或事物特征（核心考点精讲精练）1.三年真题考点分布考点题型推理判断之描述人物、事件特征阅读理解试卷类型设问考点2023[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]B26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogramme?描述事件[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]D32.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?描述事件[2023·全国乙卷]C28.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?描述事件[2023·全国乙卷]C29.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammesonBritishTV?描述事件20222022·新高考全国IIWhatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?描述人物20202020年，天津卷，第二次高考HowdidPresidentLincolnfirstrespondtoVinnie’srequest?描述人物2020年，新高考全国Ⅰ卷WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?描述事件2020年1月，浙江卷2020年1月，浙江卷描述人物2.命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中描述人物或事物的考点考查了5次。主要考查：根据阅读文章整体或部分内容及事实来推断作者对人物和事物特征的描述。描述人物或事物特征的方法：1.根据文章尤其是记叙文对人物或事件的描述来推断人物的特征，推断人物特征时，要注意当遇到两个并列词的时候，这两个词都必须符合人物或事件的特征；2.描述事物特征，可以通过作者在文章中流露出的思想感情来判断。【备考策略】系统归类描述人物或事物特征的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。【命题预测】通过阅读理解中的描述人物或事物特征，考查考生归纳总结能力、培养有情感、有情怀的人。因此，推断描述人物或事物特征题还将在2024年高考中出现。资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】2【2024年高考命题预测】描述人物、事件特征考点是高考中的常考点。一篇记叙文中总说有一些人物出现，描述人物的性质特征以及人物对事件的看法是命题者常出话题。预测在2024高考中，描述人物、事件特征题可能会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。【推理判断之描述人物、事件特征考点指南】描述人物、事件特征考点常考问题：1．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes......?2．Accordingtothetext,whichwordscanbestdescribe......?3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribe......accordingtoParagraph...?4.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkof......?【高考命题思路和方法】高考阅读理解中常有描述人物或事物特点的阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对人物的事迹、语言、心理等进行描述，进而让考生推测人物或事物的性格特征。【备考实战方法】把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。【描写人物事物特征的形容词】generous慷慨的；brave勇敢的；demanding要求高的;苛求的;需要高技能(或耐性等)的;费力的;要求极严的;难满足的；impatient不耐烦的；outgoing外向的；easy-going随和的；organized有条理的；modest谦虚的；optimistic乐观的；cautious小心，谨慎的；caring乐于助人的;关心他人的;体贴人的；skillful熟练的;灵巧的;擅长于(at;in);制作精巧的；responsible负责任的；determined有决心的；modest谦虚的；creative有创造力的；ambitious有雄心的；adventurous冒险的；cooperative有合作意识的；honest诚实的；capableadj.有能力的,有才能的；confidentadj.自信的；diligentadj.勤奋的；voluntaryadj.自愿的,主动的；energeticadj.精力旺盛的；humorousadj.幽默的；enthusiasticadj.热情的；experiencedadj.有经验的；intelligent聪明的;智能的;有才智的;悟性强的;有智力的;有理解和学习能力的；grateful感激的；helpful有帮助的；talkative健谈的；athletic运动型;体育运动的;健壮的；patient有耐心的；innovative创新的；tolerant忍受的；positive积极的；committed坚信的;尽心尽力的;坚定的；considerate体贴的；ashamed惭愧的;regretful后悔的；disappointed失望的；amazed吃惊的；satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的；shocked震惊的；overjoyed过度高兴的；pleased满意的；indifferent冷漠的；sorrowful悲伤的；sympathetic同情的；hardworking勤劳的；embarrassed尴尬的；proud自豪的；energetic充满活力的；courageous勇敢的;无畏的；independent独立的；sensitive敏感的。【典例1】[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]BTurningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andat资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】3firstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogrammeatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogrammeaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighbourhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programmeevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogramme’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”()26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogramme?A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.C.Short-lived.D.Unidentifiable.【典例2】[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]DAscitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves”.Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportantto