机械制造常用词汇(dwens)

1机械制造常用词汇1.工程材料Engineeringmaterials1）金属材料的力学特性mechanicalproperties2)常用工程材料CommonEngineeringMaterials强度Strength塑性plasticity硬度hardness韧性Toughness屈服强度Yieldstrength抗拉强度Tensilestrength布氏硬度Brinellhardness洛氏硬度Rockwellhardness维氏硬度Vickershardness碳素钢Carbonsteel合金钢AlloySteel灰铸钢castgraysteel球墨铸钢ductilecaststeel可煅铸钢Casting,malleableiron铜合金Copperalloy铝合金aluminiumalloy普通低合金generalstructurelow-alloysteel易切钢AutomaticSteel渗碳钢carburizedsteel调质钢HardenedAndTemperedSteel弹簧钢springsteel滚动轴承钢RollingbearingsSteel合金工具钢alloytoolsteel粉末冶金powdermetallurgy特殊钢specialsteel刀具钢CutlerySteel模具钢DieSteel量具钢gaugesteel不锈钢stainlesssteel耐热钢refractorysteel耐磨钢Abrasion-ResistantSteel硬质合金Hardalloy22.钢的热处理工艺Heattreatment3.常用机床machinetool4.数控机床ComputerizedNumericalControl退火annealing正火normalizing淬火quenching回火tempering表面淬火surfacequenching渗碳carburization渗氮nitriding完全退火fullannealing球化退火spheroidizingannealing去应力退火stressrelievingannealing卧式车床Lathes,horizontal单轴立式车床singlecolumnverticallathe台式车床benchlathe立式车床Lathes,vertical摇臂车床radiallathe单臂刨床open-sideplaningmachine插床Slottingmachines龙门刨床Planingmachine卧式升降台铣床horizontalliftingplatformmillingmachine立式升降台铣床liftingplatformmillingmachine龙门铣床planer-typemillingmachine滚齿机gearhobbingmachine外圆磨床Externalcylindricalgrindingmachines内圆磨床internalcylindricalgrindingmachine平面磨床surfacegrinder拉床broachingmachine插齿机gearshaper数控车床CNClathes数控洗床CNCmillingmachine加工中心CNCMachiningCenter轴联动加工机床axeslinkagemachinetool复合加工机床compositemachinetool35.刀具cutter车刀lathetool成形车刀formedturningtool铣刀Millingcutter孔加工刀具(piercingcutters)拉刀broaching螺纹刀具chasingtool齿轮刀具GearCutters插齿刀gearshapercutter剃齿刀gearshavingcutter齿轮滚刀gearhob蜗轮滚刀wormhob锥齿滚刀自动线刀具automaticlinecutter6测量器具measuringinstrument硬质合金焊接式车刀carbideweldedcutter机夹式车刀Turningtools钻削钻头drill深孔钻deep-holedrill扩孔钻expandingdrill，锪钻countersinkdrill，铰刀reamer及镗刀boringtool孔加工复合刀具combinationcuttingtool圆孔round花键spline键槽keygroove推刀pushbroach丝锥tap螺纹滚压工具游标卡尺slidecaliper千分尺micrometercalipers百分表dialindicator万能角度尺mullti-functionalcompasses塞尺Feelergauges刀口形直尺Knifestraightedge三坐标测量仪coordinatemeasuringmachine47.工件夹具fixturesandjigs8.液压传动HydraulicPowerTransmission9.形位公差GeometricalTolerance10.机械零件mechanicalparts11.机械零件mechanicalparts凸轮Cam滚子roller液压泵hydraulicpump液压马达hydraulicmotor液压缸Hydrauliccylinder控制阀controlvalve辅助装置supplementaldevices斜楔夹紧机构螺旋夹紧机构偏心夹紧机构铰链夹紧机构定心夹紧机构联动夹紧机构机械增力机构方向控制阀directioncontrolvalve压力控制阀pressurecontrolvalve流量控制阀flowcontrolvalve滤油器oilfilter油箱oiltank蓄能器Accumulator压力表开关pressuremeterswitch管道及管接头pipes&fittings公差配合tolerancefit表面粗糙度Surfaceroughness表面形状和位置公差shapeandpositiontolerance盘类轴类箱体类焊接类冲压类铸造类螺纹类5棘轮ratchet螺栓bolt螺母nut螺钉bolt带轮平带flatbeltV带Vbelt圆形带circularbelt同步带timingbelt链轮sprocketwheel链条chain滚子链boomchain齿轮gear直齿圆柱齿轮straighttoothedspurgear直齿锥齿轮straightbevelgear涡轮turbo涡杆Vortexbar齿轮箱Gearbox减速器Reducer轴axis曲轴Crankshaft传动轴TransmissionShaft平键flatkey半圆键woodruffkey花键spline轴承bearing滚动轴承RollingBearing滑动轴承plainbearing联轴器coupling刚性联轴器Rigidcoupling扰性联轴器弹性联轴器Flexiblecoupling离合器clutch超越离合器free-wheelingclutch摩擦离合器FrictionClutches牙嵌式离合器Jawclutch612.钳工工艺ocksmith13.装配工艺Assembly14.特种加工specialprocess弹簧spring圆柱螺旋弹簧Cylindricallyhelicalspring盘簧coiledspring板弹簧Leafspring划线錾削chopping锉削filing锯削scaling钻孔drilling扩孔counterbore锪孔counterbore铰孔reaming攻螺纹ensatthreaded套螺纹矫正和弯曲刮削gouging研磨polishing铆接rivetjoint部件装配Assembly总装配finalassembly调整adjust精度检验precisioninspection试车trial喷漆spray-paint涂油annoit装箱encase电火花加工（EDM）ElectricDischargeMachine电火花线切割加工(WEDM)WirecutElectricalDischargeMachining激光加工(LBM)LaserBeamMachining超声清洗ultrasoniccleaning715.铸造casting16.锻压forgeandpress17.冲压punching18.焊接成形welding19.钢铁零件表面预处理pretreatmentforsteelparts手工造型manualcasting特种铸造specialcasting失蜡铸造investementcasting低压铸造LowPressureCasting压力铸造pressurecasting金属铸造离心铸造centrifugalcasting自由锻造freeforge胎膜锻造mouldingforge冲压设备punchingequipments冲压工序punchingprocesses剪床shearingmachine冲床punchingmachine冲裁gouging弯曲bending拉深（伸）stretching熔焊welding压焊pressurewelding钎焊brazing/soldering气焊gaswelding气割gascutting氩弧焊argonarcwelding二氧化碳气体保护焊carbondioxidearcwelding(埋弧焊submergedarcwelding电渣焊electroslagwelding电阻焊resistancewelding摩擦焊frictionwelding磨光burnish抛光polish滚光除油degrease除锈derusting磷化phosphate820.铝合金表面预处理pretreatmentforaluminumalloy21.塑料表面预处理pretreatmentforplastics22.电镀plating23.电镀层检验platinginspection24.涂装coating除油degrease去除氧化膜removeoxidefilm转化处理conversiontreatment退火anneal脱脂degrease除尘，除静电dustremoval;Destaticizing湿润和粗化clouding&roughening电镀单金属singlemetal电镀合金Alloy镀锌zincplating镀铜copperplating镀镍nickelplating镀铬chromiumplating暗镍/半亮镍/光亮镍/装饰铬半亮镍/高硫镍/光亮镍/装饰铬半亮镍/光亮镍/应力镍/微裂纹铬半亮镍/高硫镍/光亮镍/封闭镍/微孔铬外观appearance结合力bindingforce耐蚀性（盐雾试验）saltspraytest镀层厚度thicknessofplating耐磨性wearresistance刷漆painting手工喷涂manualspraying静电喷漆electrostaticpainting电泳涂装electrophoreticcoating静电喷粉ElectrostaticDusting浸涂dipcoating