8万吨粗苯精制工艺设计

河南城建学院本科毕业设计设计说明I毕业设计题目：8万吨/年粗苯精制工艺设计系别：化学与化学工程系专业：化学工程与工艺姓名：学号：指导教师：河南城建学院本科毕业设计设计说明II设计说明此设计的任务是处理量为8万吨/年的粗苯精制工艺设计，它采用了粗苯低温加氢工艺流程，选用了连续精馏筛板塔的化工设备。原料粗苯经过两苯塔实现轻重组分分离，其中塔釜重质苯做为产品回收，塔顶轻苯在加氢反应器中进行加氢反应后进入脱轻塔脱除硫化氢，氨气等低沸物，然后依次进入预精馏塔萃取精馏塔纯苯塔和二甲苯塔，最终得到纯净合格苯、甲苯的产品。为达到设计要求，此设计通过物料衡算、热量衡算、塔的工艺尺寸计算、塔板负荷性能验算及附属设备计算，得到符合要求的一系列工艺流程参数，包括进料量F=106.055Kmol/h,塔顶液体流量D=90.945Kmol/h,塔底釜液流量W=15.11Kmol/h，塔径D=1.6m,塔高h=24.45m,板间距m5.40T，精馏段实际塔板数块精17N，提馏段塔板数块提17N，设置7个人孔，出塔顶塔底人孔外其他人孔处的板间距为H=0.7m,进料处板间距H=1m等。根据这一系列工艺流程参数绘制工艺流程图、物料衡算图及主设备图。关键词：低温加氢精制、连续精馏筛板塔、两苯塔、苯、甲苯河南城建学院本科毕业设计设计说明IIIDesignelucidationThisdesigntaskisproductivityforeightmilliontons/yearcubenrefiningprocessdesign,itadoptedcubencryogenichydrogenationprocess,choosethecontinuousdistillationtowerchemicalequipmentsieve.Rawmaterialcubenaftertwobenzenetower,whichachieveweightcomponentseparationtowerkettleheavybenzeneasproductrecycling,towerlightbenzeneinhydrogenationreactorinhydrogenationreactiontookoffafterremovalfromthelighttowerintohydrogenammoniaandotherlowboiling,whichinturnintothatgetsdistillationcolumnofpurebenzenetowerandextractxylenetower,andultimatelythepurequalifiedbenzene,tolueneproducts.Toachievethedesignrequirements,thisdesignthroughthematerialcalculation,heatcalculation,towercraftsizecalculation,towerplateloadperformancecheckingandaffiliatedequipmentscalculation,gettomeettherequirementsofaseriesofprocessparameters,includinginto106.055KmolfeedF=liquidflow,being/hD=90.945Kmol/h,bottomkettlefluidflowW=15.11Kmol/h,towerdiameterD=1.6m,hightower24.45m,boardh=distance,rectifyingsectionnumberandmentionactualtowerplate,platenumberdistillatedsectiontowersetsevenpeoplehole,atowerinthebottomandtheothermanholemanholeforh=0.7boardspacing,feedingplaceboardmdistanceh=1-metc.Accordingtothisseriesofprocessparametersrenderingprocessflowdiagram,materialcalculationchartandmainequipmentfigure.Keywords:lowtemperaturehydrotreating,perforatedcontinuousdistillationtower,twobenzenetower,benzene,toluene河南城建学院本科毕业设计目录i目录设计说明.........................................................................................................................IIDesignelucidation..........................................................................................................III主要符号说明.................................................................................................................iv引言..............................................................................................................................11生产方法和工艺流程的确定......................................................................................41.1粗苯加氢精制的原理..............................................................................................41.2粗苯加氢工艺的比较..............................................................................................41.2.1莱托（Litol）法.........................................................................................41.2.2取蒸馏低温加氢法（K.K法）................................................................61.3粗苯加氢工艺比较..............................................................................................101.4粗苯精制方法比较的结论..................................................................................112生产流程叙述............................................................................................................122.1技术路线..............................................................................................................123工艺计算与设备选型................................................................................................133.1、工艺流程图.......................................................................................................133.2操作条件..............................................................................................................133.3系统物料衡算......................................................................................................143.3.1、原料粗苯处理量..................................................................................143.3.2、两苯塔进出料....................................................................................143.3.3、预精馏塔进出料..................................................................................143.4纯苯塔的设计计算.............................................................................................143.4.1、纯苯塔的作用......................................................................................143.4.2精馏流程的确定.....................................................................................143.4.3塔的物料衡算.........................................................................................153.4.4求理论板数.............................................................................................173.4.5全塔总效率.............................................................................................193.4.6实际塔板数.............................................................................................193.5塔的工艺条件及物性数据计算..........................................................................193.5.1操作压力............