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仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!LeanManufacturingBasics1精益生产基础(一)仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!2ContentsSlide(s)TableofContents目录Overview&Scope概述与范围4Objectives目的5ABriefHistoryofLean精益历史简介7WasteElimination消除浪费14ValueStreamMapping(VSM)价值流程图305S&VisualManagement5S及可视化管理38SuperMarket超市56仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!3Overview&Scope概述&范围LeanManufacturingisagenericprocessmanagementphilosophyderivedmostlyfromtheToyotaProductionSystem(TPS)butalsofromothersources.Itisrenownedforitsfocusonreductionof‘SevenWastes’inordertoimproveoverallcustomervalue.*精益生产是一门流程管理哲学,主要来自于丰田制造系统(TPS)。其焦点在如何减少“7大浪费”以增加客户价值。Toyota'sachievementmadeLeanahottopicinmanagementscienceinthefirstdecadeofthe21stcentury.丰田的成功使Lean成为21世纪前10年管理科学的热点。LeanManufacturingcanbedefinedas:Asystematicapproachtoidentifyingandeliminatingwaste(non-value-addedactivities)throughcontinuousimprovementbyflowingtheproductatthepullofthecustomerinpursuitofperfection.Lean可以如此定义:“从客户拉货到产品源头的整个流程不断改善,识别并消除浪费(无价值活动),使之日臻完善的一种系统方法”InfoSource:*仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!4Objective目的IntroduceLeanManufacturinganditselements介绍精益生产及基本原理WasteElimination消除浪费ValueStreamMapping价值流程图5S&VisualManagement5S及可视化管理SuperMarket超市仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!5WhatExecutives(Really)needtoKnow执行者必须要知道的98%ofOrganisationsthatengagewithLean,Fail!!WHY???LeanisHARD!!!98%的企业推行过Lean,但失败了,为什么?因为太困难!Excerptsfromthebook“LeanMachines”LeanThinking精益思想It’sapeopleissue.That’swhyit’ssohard.Gettingpeopletochange–todothingsdifferentlythantheyhavedonethem–isreally,reallyhard.ArtByrne,CEOWiremold正是人的原因使它如此困难,让人去改变以前做事的方式—-确实很困难。IfacompanyisreallymaniacalaboutLeanittakestwotothreeyearstogofromkindergartentofirstgrade.That’showtoughitis.MarkDeLuzio,architectoftheDanaherBusinessSystem,Danaher如果一家公司已经真正开始推行Lean,那要花上2,3年的时间才能达到初级阶段。那是多么的困难!仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!ABriefHistoryofLean精益历史简介LeanHistoryTimeline精益生产演变历史TheOriginsofLeanManufacturing精益生产的起源仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!7LeanHistoryTimeline精益演变历史FatherofManagement科学管理学之父FatherofMotion-TimeStudy动作-时间研究之父FatherofAssemblyLineConcept组装线概念之父IndustryQualityTransformation工业质量转变BirthofTPS*/LeanConceptsTPS*/Lean概念诞生“TheMachineThatChangedTheWorld”改变世界的机器“LeanThinking”精益思想仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!8LeanManufacturinghasits’rootintheToyotaProductionSystem(TPS).SeveralindividualsatToyotawereinstrumentalindevelopingandsystematizingTPS.Amongthemostimportantwere:精益生产来自于丰田制造系统(TPS).几位丰田人对其进行了发展和系统化,其中贡献最大的:SakichiToyoda丰田佐吉(1867~1930)•Japan’s“KingofInventors.”日本“发明家之父”•HisconceptofJidoka(autonomation)isoneofthefoundationalprinciplesofTPS.他的概念jidoka(自动化)是TPS的几项基础原则之一•FirstappliedtoToyodaPowerLoomequippedwithanewweft-breakageautomaticstoppingdevice(developedin1896).最初应用在自动织布机上,只要有断线就自动停机(发明于1896年)•World‘sfirstautomaticloomwithanon-stopshuttle-changemotion,theType-GToyodaAutomaticLoom(developedin1924).发明了世界上第一台不停线换梭自动织布机,G型自动织机(发明于1924年)•FoundedToyotaMotorCo.in1937.1937年创立丰田汽车公司Formoreinfo::精益生产的起源仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!9KiichiroToyoda丰田喜一郎(1894~1952)•Sakichi’sson.丰田佐吉之子.•TheTPShasevolvedthroughmayyearsoftrialanderrortoimproveefficiencybasedontheJust–in–Time(JIT)conceptsdevelopedbyKiichiroToyoda,thefounder(andsecondpresident)ofToyotaMotorCorporation.TPS一直在准时制生产的基础上不断试验去提升效率,而准时制生产就是由丰田喜一郎发明的,丰田汽车的创始人。•InheritedSakichiToyodaphilosophy,setouttorealizehisbeliefthat“theidealconditionsformakingthingsarecreatedwhenmachine,facilitiesandpeopleworktogethertoaddvaluewithoutgeneratinganywaste“.继承了佐吉的丰田思想,他坚信”最理想的状态就是人,机,设备最佳配合增加价值,不产生任何浪费”•Conceivedmethodologiesandtechniquesforeliminatingwastebetweenoperations,betweenlines,betweenprocesses.TheresultwasthesocalledJITmethod.他一直思考在操作,线体和流程之间消除浪费最佳的方法,即“准时制生产“•Drawingonhisexperienceofintroducingaflowproductionmethodusingachainconveyorintotheassemblylineofatextileplant(completedin1927)withamonthlyproductioncapacityof300units.他将流水线生产的经验应用于纺织厂,链条式传送带使月产量达到300•IntroducedthismethodintothebodyproductionlineatToyotaMotorCo.,Ltd.‘sKoromoPlant(presentdayHonshaPlant),completedin1938.将这种方法引入到丰田汽车公司车身生产线,1938年完成•HestudiedFord’sproductionsystemandadaptedittothesmaller,morediverseJapanesemarket.他研究了福特生产系统并把它应用于更小,更多变的日本汽车市场Formoreinfo::精益生产的起源仅供个人参考、提升知识,不得作为商业.产品!10TheOriginsofLeanManufacturing精益生产的起源EijiToyoda丰田英二(1913~)•ByensuringthoroughimplementationofJidokaandtheJust-in-Timemethod,EijiToyodaincreasedworkers‘productivityinaddingvalueandrealizedtheToyotaProductionSystem,whichenabledToyotatocompetehead-onwithcompaniesinEuropeandtheU.S.通过将Jidoka和JIT彻底应用,提高了工人的效率,TPS让丰田公司能够与欧美公司竞争。Formoreinfo:大野耐一(1912~1990)•WithstrongbackingfromEijiToyoda,TaiichiOhnohelpedestablishtheToyotaProductionSystem,andbuiltthefoundationfortheToyotaspiritof“makingthings”by,forexample,creatingthebasicfra
本文标题:精益生产基础(1)课件
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