年产八万吨合成氨原料气净化脱碳及再生工艺设计(毕业设

河南城建学院本科毕业设计设计说明设计说明脱碳工段是合成氨工程中必不可少的工段之一，二氧化碳吸收塔和溶液再生塔是脱碳过程中不可缺少的塔设备。本文权衡众多合成氨脱碳方法之利弊，最终选择碳酸丙烯酯脱碳法。首先进行工艺流程分析并根据工艺参数及有关标准进行二氧化碳吸收塔和解析塔内的物、热量衡算；其次就二氧化碳吸收塔、溶液再生塔等设备利用物理吸收机理、传质传热方程、溶液物性数据等方面的知识进行塔体的总体结构设计和计算，设计出二氧化碳吸收塔的塔径为3.4m，塔高为30m，由于解吸塔塔径过粗，使用两塔进行解吸，两塔各操作条件相同，塔径为2.4m，填料层高度为16m，然后对二氧化碳吸收和解吸塔进行了必要的强度校核；最后对脱碳工段车间结构布置进行合理的设计。本设计作为理论上的准备工作，为分析工艺流程、设备设计上存在的问题、确定问题的根源、提出解决问题的合理方案准备了充分的理论依据。关键词：碳酸丙烯酯法；脱碳工艺；工程设计河南城建学院本科毕业设计DesignelucidationDesignelucidationDecarbonizingsectionisoneoftheabsolutelynecessarysectionsintheSyntheticAmmonia,andtheCarbondioxideabsorptiontowerandthesolutionregenerationtowerareindispensabletowerequipmentintheSyntheticAmmonia.Thispapertradeoffadvantagesanddisadvantagesofmuchapproachtodecarbonization,propylenecarbonate(PC)decarboniza-tionareselectedfinally.Thetechnologicalprocesswasanalyzed,andthematerialandheatwasbalancedaccordingtoparametersandrelevantstandardsfirstly.ThetowerbodygeneralstructurewasdesignedcalculationbyusingphysicalabsorptionMechanism,masstransferandheattransferequation,solution-physicaldatastcsecondly.Thediameterofabsorptiontoweris3.4m,theheightoftoweris30m,AndthenthestrengthoftheCarbondioxideabsorptiontowerisecked.Thedecarbonizingsectionstructuralarrangementwasreasonabledesignfinally.Asthetheoreticalpreparationwork,thisdesigningpreparesufficienttheoreticalbasisforpeopletoanalysistheproblemsoftechnologicalprocess,equipmentdesign,determinedrootofproblems,posingreasonableplantosolveproblems.Keywords:Decarbonizationprocess;CarbondioxideremovalwithPCmethod;Proeessdesign河南城建学院本科毕业设计目录i目录设计说明...........................................................................................................................................IDesignelucidation...........................................................................................................................II主要符号说明....................................................................................................................................i1引言............................................................................................................................................12概述..............................................................................................................................................22.1氨的发现与制取.............................................................................................................22.2氨的用途.........................................................................................................................22.3我国合成氨工业的发展情况...................................................................................32.4合成氨生产的典型流程.................................................................................................32.5脱碳在合成氨中的作用和地位.....................................................................................43工艺流程的确定............................................................................................................................63.1脱碳方法概述....................................................................................................................63.2净化工序中脱碳方法.........................................................................................................63.2.1化学吸收法............................................................................................................63.2.2物理吸收法............................................................................................................83.2.3物理化学吸收法..................................................................................................103.2.4固体吸附..............................................................................................................103.3碳酸丙烯酯（PC）法脱碳工艺基本原理.....................................................................103.3.1PC法脱碳技术国内外现状..................................................................................103.3.2发展过程..............................................................................................................103.3.3技术经济..............................................................................................................113.3.4碳酸丙烯酯法脱碳工艺条件的确定..................................................................113.3.4操作压力的确定..................................................................................................123.3.5工艺流程..............................................................................................................124吸收塔的工艺设计.....................................................................................................................144.1设计依据..........................................................................................................................144.1.1碳酸丙烯酯（PC）的物理性质..........................................................................144.1.2比热计算式..........................................................................................................144.1.3CO2在碳酸丙烯酯（PC）中的溶解度...............................................................144.1.4CO2在碳酸丙烯酯（PC）中的