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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 质量控制/管理 > 水处理絮凝工艺强化及颗粒形态控制技术研究
硕士学位论文水处理絮凝工艺强化及颗粒形态控制技术研究RESEARCHONFLOCCULATIONPROCESSENHANCEDINWATERTREATMENTANDPARTICLEMORPHOLOGYCONTROLTECHNOLOGY王振北哈尔滨工业大学2013年7月国内图书分类号:TU991.22学校代码:10213国际图书分类号:628.1密级:公开工学硕士学位论文水处理絮凝工艺强化及颗粒形态控制技术研究硕士研究生:王振北导师:南军教授申请学位:工学硕士学科:城市水资源所在单位:市政环境工程学院答辩日期:2013年7月授予学位单位:哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:TU991.2U.D.C:628.1DissertationfortheMasterDegreeinEngineeringRESEARCHONFLOCCULATIONPROCESSENHANCEDINWATERTREATMENTANDPARTICLEMORPHOLOGYCONTROLTECHNOLOGYCandidate:WangZhenbeiSupervisor:Prof.NanJunAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpeciality:UrbanWaterResourcesAffiliation:SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentEngineeringDateofDefence:July,2013Degree-Conferring-Institution:HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-I-摘要混凝是常规水处理过程中不可缺少的基础工艺,对水厂的运行费用及整个水处理的最终结果都有很大的影响,是水处理研究方向的主要分支之一。现阶段关于混凝过程的试验研究,大多采用的为烧杯试验,与实际水处理工艺中的混凝过程有所区别,只适合于理论研究与分析,而模型试验能较好的模拟反映实际水处理工艺中的混凝过程。在实际的水处理工艺运行中,大多关心的是絮凝效果的好坏,很少研究絮凝过程内部变化规律。采用模型试验研究不同试验条件下絮凝过程中的内部变化规律能很好地指导实际运行并进行优化控制。本课题采用中试模型试验,模拟机械絮凝池絮凝流程的动态变化,进行流程的动态研究与优化控制。试验中采用聚合氯化铝为絮凝剂,利用在线浊度仪、颗粒计数仪及电子摄像机作为监控手段,以浊度、颗粒数等监测指标及粒度分布、分形维数、平均粒径等推导所得指标作为分析基础,得到絮凝内部流程变化规律及不同试验条件对絮凝流程的影响情况。试验中为模拟实际水厂并进行优化控制,主要针对水厂常见的常规工艺参数、负荷冲击情况进行了研究分析,并采用破碎再恢复技术对絮凝过程进行强化。研究发现,常规工艺条件下模拟试验最优絮凝效果为聚合氯化铝投加量30mg/L、水力搅拌条件第一格絮凝池250r/min、第二格絮凝池150r/min、第三格絮凝池90r/min下最优,絮凝连续流程中大于7μm的颗粒形态可以用来衡量絮凝效果,数量越多,效果越好,对絮凝连续流程中第一格絮凝池与第二格絮凝池之间的流程颗粒形态进行有效控制对浊度及颗粒的去除作用明显;冲击负荷下,机械絮凝池抗冲击负荷能力较强,在常规流程下对低温低浊水处理效果达不到理想要求,综合分析发现粒度分形维数与几何分形维数可以互相补充不足,好的絮凝过程二者的值均较大。在研究破碎强化低温低浊水混凝过程中,发现絮凝连续流程加入一次破碎会有更好的絮凝效果,破碎重组后的絮体会更小更密实。二次破碎与一次破碎相比,对絮凝连续流程的絮凝效果影响更大,出水效果更好且破碎重组后的絮体较一次破碎密实度有所增大,尺寸有所减小。二次破碎较一次破碎出水水质更为稳定,一次破碎较常规流程出水水质更为稳定。关键词:机械絮凝;颗粒形态;分形维数;优化控制;哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-II-AbstractInconventionalwatertreatmentprocess,coagulationistheindispensablebasisunit,whichcanimportantlyaffecttheoperationofthewaterplantandthefinaleffectofwatertreatment,andcoagulationisoneofthemainbranchesofresearchdirectionforwatertreatment.Atthisstage,experimentalstudyoncoagulationprocessmostlyusethejartest,whichisdifferentwiththecoagulationprocessintheactualwatertreatmentprocess,onlysuitablefortheoreticalresearchandanalysis.Whilethemodeltestcansimulateandreflectthecoagulationprocessintheactualwatertreatmentprocessbetter.Intheoperationofactualwatertreatmentprocess,theflocculationeffectisconcernedmostly,andtherearefewresearchesontheinternalvariationofflocculationprocess.Modelteststudyontheinternalvariationofflocculationprocesswithdifferenttestconditionscanguidethepracticaloperationbetterandoptimizethecontrol.Inthethesis,pilotmodeltestsimulatedynamicchangeofflocculationprocessinthemachineryflocculatingtank,todynamicanalysisandoptimalcontroltheprocess.Inthetest,polymericaluminumchlorideisusedforflocculant,andon-lineturbidimeter,particlecounterandelectroniccameraareappliedtomonitor,monitoringindicatorssuchasturbidity,particlecounts,andderivationofindicatorssuchasparticlesizedistribution,fractaldimension,averagediameterareregardedasafoundationofanalysis.ThevariationofflocculationprocessandtheeffectofdifferentexperimentconditiontotheflocculationprocesscanbetakenForsimulatingactualwatertreatmentandoptimizethecontrol,theconventionalprocessparametersandthesituationofshock-load,aimedatthewaterplantoperation,wereresearchedandanalyzed.Breakageandregrowthtechnologywereusedtoenhancetheflocculationprocess.Researchfindingthatsimulationtestundertheconditionofconventionalprocesshadtheoptimumflocculationeffectwithpolymericaluminumchloridedosingamount30mg/L,andthehydraulicagitationconditions250r/mininthefirstflocculationbasin,150r/mininthesecondflocculationbasin,90r/mininthethirdflocculationbasinwasoptimal.Duringflocculationcontinuousprocess,theparticlemorphologyofmorethan7micronscanbeusedtomeasuretheeffectofflocculation,themorethebettertheresults.Theparticlemorphologyfortheprocessbetweenthefirstflocculationbasinandthesecondflocculationbasinwasundereffectivecontrol,anobviouseffectforremovingturbidityandparticlescanbetaken.Underthesituationofshock-load,themachineryflocculatingtankhasastrongercapacityofshock-load.Undertheconventionalprocess,forlowtemperatureandlowturbiditywater,thetreatmenteffectcannotreachtheidealrequirements.Comprehensiveanalysisfound哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-III-thatgranularityfractaldimensionandgeometricfractaldimensioncancomplementeachother,thevaluesofthemarelargerinagoodflocculationprocess.Inthestudyonbreakageenhancethecoagulationprocessoflowtemperatureandlowturbiditywater,comprehensiveanalysisfoundthattherewillbeabetterflocculationeffectifprimarybreakagewastakeninflocculationcontinuousprocess.Theflocsafterbreakageandrestructureweresmallerandmorecompact.Tocomparewiththeprimarybreakage,thesecondarybreakageaffectedthecontinuousflocculationprocessgreaterandtheeffluentwaterbetter,andtheflocsofsecondarybreakageafterbreakageandrestructurewassmallerandmorecompactthantheflocsofprimarybreakage.Theeffluentwaterqualityofthesecondarybreakagewasmorestablethantheeffluentwaterqualityoftheprimarybreakage.Theeffluentwaterqualityoftheprimarybreakagewasmorestablethantheconventionalprocess.Keywords:machineryflocculation,par
本文标题:水处理絮凝工艺强化及颗粒形态控制技术研究
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