100吨油脂精炼设备选型计算说明书

12007届毕业生毕业设计说明书题目:100T/Ｄ大豆油精炼车间工艺设计Thedesignof100T/Dsoybeanoilrefiningworkshop院系名称：粮油食品学院专业班级：食工03-04学生姓名：22222学号：200322228指导教师：韩丽华付黎敏职称：副教授实验师2007年5月30日I毕业设计中文摘要摘要通过查阅有关大豆油精炼的文献，以及对生产实践的总结，参考有关工厂的流程设计，设计了连续水化法脱胶、碱炼法脱酸、白土吸附法脱色，软塔脱臭工艺。设计过程中参考了国内外较先进的工艺，采用了磷酸辅助脱胶的方法，将磷酯的含量降低到要求的范围。使用了连续高效的混合器，而且用离心机连续分离皂脚，使脱胶脱酸工艺实现了连续化生产。脱酸采用了低温长混碱炼工艺，碱可以中和毛油中绝大部分大游离脂肪酸，生成脂肪酸钠盐在油中不溶解，成为絮凝状物而沉降。氢氧化钠与脂肪酸作用生成钠皂，反应速度快，而且生成的钠皂为表面活性物质，吸附和吸收能力都较强，可将相当数量的杂质如蛋白质、色素、磷脂及带有羟基的物质也带入沉降物内，甚至悬浮固体杂质也可被絮状皂团携带下来，简练最显著的优点就是具有脱酸、脱胶、脱固体杂质、脱色的综合作用。脱色工艺采用了先进的白土下料装置，保证了白土下料的连续性和均匀性，从而保证了脱色的效果。两台过滤机可以使脱色油连续过滤为整个工艺的连续化生产提供了条件。脱臭采用真空冷却，即油脂在真空状态下，冷却到150度左右，另外，为了钝化金属离子可能对油脂进行氧化，产生不良风味，在油脂冷却过程中加入了一定量的柠檬酸。使产品达到一级油的标准。关键词：脱胶，脱酸，脱色，脱臭II毕业设计外文摘要TitleThedesignof100T/DsoybeanoilrefiningworkshopAbstractBythesoybeanoilrefiningliterature,andtopracticeasummaryofthereferencedesignprocessfromthefactory.ThispaperhavedesignedthemethodsofcontinuoushydrationRetting,alkalirefiningdeacidification,whitesoiladsorptionbleaching,deodorizationprocesswithsofttower.Indesignation,Ireferencedtotheprocessofdomesticandthecraftofforeignativeadvancedtechnology,usingthemethodofphosphoric-aciddegummingauxiliarytoreducethecontentofphosphorusintherequiredrange.byusingacontinuousefficientmixableequipment,andusingcentrifugestoseparatthesoapstockcontinuousastodegumminganddeacidificationprocesstoachieveacontinuousproduction.Deacidificationusedalow-temperatureandlong-mixedalkalirefiningprocess,alkalicanneutralizethemostofFFAintheunrefinedoil,thenproductFattyacidsodiumsaltthatisunsolutionintheoil,becomingflocculationandsedimentationmembranes.Sodiumhydroxideandsodiumfattyacidreacttoformfattyacidsodiumsaltsoap,thespeedofreactionisquick,andtheproductionofsodiumsoapissurfactant,ofwitchadsorptionandabsorptioncapacityisstrong,canalsomakeaquitenumberofimpurities,suchasproteins,pigment,HO-phospholipidmaterialintothesediments,thenalsocanleaveinthesediments.Themostsignificantadvantageofdefinationaredeacidification,degumming,removingsolidimpurities,detreatedcomprehensiverole.Thecraftofbleachingunderthedeviceinthesophisticatedclaytoensurethecontinuityanduniformityofit,thusensuringtheeffectofbleaching.Twofiltereqipmentscanmakethebleachingoilcontinuefiltertomakethewholeprocessofproductioncontinuous.Deodorizeriscooledinvacuum,thatisoiliscooledto150degreesinvacuum.Besidesinordetopassivatedmetalionstooxidatetheoilandfat,leavingbadtasteintheoilandfat,wecanaddacertainamountofcitricacidintheOilcoolingprocesstomakeIIIthequalityoftheproductionreachthestandardoffirst-gradeoil.Keywordsdegunming,bleaching,alkalirefining,deodorization.IV目次1流程介绍............................................................12工艺流程............................................................22.1碱炼工艺流程(脱胶脱酸)............................................22.2脱色工艺流程......................................................22.3、脱臭工艺流程....................................................23工艺说明............................................................34物料衡算............................................................64.1品质要求...........................................................64.1.1原料油品质（浸出毛油）...........................................64.1.2成品油质量指标...................................................64.1.3各工序品质要求...................................................64.2物料衡算...........................................................64.2.1碱炼工艺.........................................................64.2.2脱色工序.........................................................84.2.3脱臭工序.........................................................94.3物料衡算表.........................................................95热量衡算及换热器选型...............................................105.1脱胶脱酸工艺......................................................105.2脱色工艺..........................................................145.3脱臭工艺..........................................................156设备计算及选型.....................................................176.1脱胶脱酸工艺......................................................176.2脱色工艺..........................................................196.3脱臭工艺..........................................................217其他定型设备的选用.................................................228泵的选型...........................................................239主要管径的选取.....................................................269.1输油管............................................................269.2蒸汽管............................................................279.3供水管............................................................299.4其他管道.........................................................29结论.................................................................30致谢.................................................................32参考文献.............................................................32附表（设备一览表）河南工业大学毕业设计11流程介绍毛油经过暂存储罐由泵P101打入袋式过滤器,经过滤后再进入板式换热器，加热至65度(开机一段时间后才可以)。加热后的毛油进入离心混合器与由定量泵定量的磷酸进行混合，然后进入反应器中进行反应，与磷酸反应后的油由离心混合器与计算好的一定量的软水进行混合，混合后由泵P103打入水化罐,在80-85度下经过充分搅拌水化，再经板式换热器冷却到40度，再由齿轮泵打入